Ambulatory Med Flashcards
a result of anterior chamber angle impairing drainage of aqueous humor & increasing intraocular pressure (>21 mmHg)
closed-angle glaucoma
an emergency that presents with eye pain, HA, nausea, conjunctival injection, halos around lights, & fixed, moderately dilated pupils
closed-angle glaucoma
work-up & plan for closed-angle glaucoma
- Check intraocular pressure
- Contact an ophthalmologist STAT
- Treat with pilocarpine for pupillary constriction, timolol & acetazolamide to decrease intraocular pressure, & laser iridotomy
asymptomatic, gradual vision loss; leading cause of blindness in US
diabetic retinopathy
seen on funduscopic exam in diabetic retinopathy
neovascularization, microaneurysms, flame hemorrhages, & macular edema
treatment for diabetic retinopathy
laser photocoagulation surgery or vitrectomy
causes of erythema multiforme
infectious agents (HSV, mycoplasma), drugs, connective tissue disorders, physical agents, radiotherapy, pregnancy, & internal malignancies
a rare autoimmune disease in which blisters are formed as autoantibodies destroy intracellular adhesions between epithelial cells in the skin
pemphigus vulgaris
p/w flaccid bullae & w/ erosions where bullae have been unroofed; + Nikolsky sign; skin biopsy shows acantholysis (separation of epidermal cells from each other); immunofluorescence reveals antibodies in epidermis
pemphigus vulgaris
autoimmune disease characterized by antibodies against basement membrane that lead to subepidermal bullae
bullous pemphigoid
p/w large, tense bullae; typically in those >60 yrs; dx w/ skin biopsy, confirmation via immuno- & histopathology
bullous pemphigoid
Causes of tinea capitis and dx
Microsporum canis-lesion characterized by bright green fluorescence when observed under Wood’s UV lamp
Trichophyton tonsurans-does not shine bright green under Wood’s lamp
