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meds actions Flashcards

0
Q

Adenosine

A

Slow conduction through the AV node; very short half life not appropriate for wide complex ventricular arrhythmias or a.fib/a.flutte

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1
Q

Albuterol

A

a sypathomimetic that is a selective to b2 adrenegric recpetors; b2 agonist with minimal amount of side affects. Causes prompt bronchodialtion with a duration of about 5 hours

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2
Q

Amiodarone

A

An antiarrhythmic drug that has characteristics of all classes because it affects several cellular channels. It is a parasympathetic, lengths the cardiac action cycle slows conduction mostly AV node and prolongs refactory time. It also have a vasodilation action and can decrease cardiac workload and myocardial and 02 consumption but this can also lower blood pressure and has an adverse effect

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3
Q

Amiodarone

A

cardiac workload and myocardial and 02 consumption but this can also lower blood pressure and has an adverse effect

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4
Q

Aspirin

A

Main prehospital functions is to decrease ability of platelets to bind together which would decrease the risk of additional clotting at the site of the clot, for our purposes in the heart it can also prevent the reforming of a clot once it has been dissipated. It does this by blocking the formation type of the prostaglandin that causes platelets formation (come together) and arteries to constrict the same substance also blocks pain sensors which reduced sensation of pain although the cause of pain has not change. It is also known for his true anti-inflammatory at the side of the chronic or acute injury and will reduce fever

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5
Q

Aspirin

A

of the prostaglandin that causes platelets formation (come together) and arteries to constrict the same substance also blocks pain sensors which reduced sensation of pain although the cause of pain has not change. It is also known for his true anti-inflammatory at the side of the chronic or acute injury and will reduce fever

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6
Q

Aspirin

A

injury and will reduce fever P J

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7
Q

atropine

A

binds acetylcholine receptors to inhibit parasympathetic system; chronotropic;works to increase artrial rate has no effects on muscle contractility or pump action also known as a chemical pacemaker though only effects is on the atrial not the ventricles, so much less likely to work in high degree blocks

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8
Q

atropine

A

high degree blocks f 2

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9
Q

Benadryl

A

Antihistamine with anticholinergic and sedative side effects rapid onset of action; will not reverse airway compromise or shock

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10
Q

calcium chloride

A

^cardiac muscle contractility, ^ventricle automaticity replaces calcium incases of hypocalcemia or in the presence of too much calcuim channel blocker;also assists in the repair of hyperkalemia; antidote for mag sufate

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11
Q

Cardizem

A

Causes a relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and slows conduction of AV node causes vascular dilation and slows rapid ventricular rate associated with a.fib/a.flutter

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12
Q

Charcoal

A

Binds and absorbs ingested toxins in the G.I. tract stay bound until discharge from the body as waste

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13
Q

cyanokit; cyanide antidote

A

binds with cyainde ions and converted into cyanocobalim(vitiam b) which is then excreted by the kidneys; cyanide is a poison that rapidly attaches to the cytochrome oxidase complex in the mitrochondrial which keeps the cells from using oxygen and forcing the cell into anaerobic respirations. This results in production of lactic celluar hypoxia and metabolic acidosis

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14
Q

cyanokit; cyanide antidote

A

results in production of lactic celluar hypoxia and metabolic acidosis h

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15
Q

dextrose: carbohydrate

A

Supplies or replaces glucose for the body, particularly the brain

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16
Q

Dopamine

A

Chemical precursor to norepi acts on alpha/beta-1 dopaminergic receptors; effects are dose related; ^BP due to both Alph/abeta1 effects by increased stroke volume, peripheral vasoconstriction doesn’t ^oxygen demand on the heart as much as epi and doesn’t have as much powerful of heart rate effects

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17
Q

EPI: Sympathetic agonist; naturally occurring catecholamine

A

A potent alpha and beta adrenergic stimulant producing increased blood flow to the myocardium and brain. Beta effects include increased possibility of increase cardiac workload and O2 consumption

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18
Q

EPI

A

combined effects ^heart rate, ^contractile force, ^electrical activity in the myocardium including simulating spontaneous firing of conductive cells; ^systemic vascular resistance; ^blood pressure; ^automaticity; may convert fine v.fib to course and increases the chances of successful defibrillation

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19
Q

etomidate(amidate); hypnotic, sedative

A

A very vapid and short acting sedative for cardioversion and pacing to treat shivering if receiving ice therapy as well as for medication assisted intubation or for assistance with spinal immobilization

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20
Q

Glucagon

A

Protein secreted by pancreas it is now DNA recombatant increases the blood glucose level by converting glycogen that the liver may have stored into glucose it also blocks formation of glycogen from glucose and is indicated when a patient this hypoglycemic/symptomatic and IV cannot be placed; it also extetrs a positive inotropic action on the heart,decreases renal vascular resistance

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21
Q

Glucagon

A

be placed; it also extetrs a positive inotropic action on the heart,decreases renal vascular resistance FFA

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22
Q

glutose: sugar replacement

A

Oral simple sugar the raises available glutose to brain without IM/IV/subq meds

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23
Q

hurricane spray; topical oral anesthetic

A

provides quick topical and anesthesia wherever the medication comes in contact with mucous membrane; to be used to dull or suppress gag reflex in order to perform nasal or oral intubation

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24
Q

Lasix (fourosemide)

A

A loop diuretic that inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys the first effect after administration(5min) is vasovalidation therefore reducing preload and decreasing workload of the heart the second effect that actual diuresis occurs within 5 to 15 minutes

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25
Q

Lidocaine 2% bolus; Antiarrthymic class 1

A

Depresses depolarization and automaticity in the ventricles;little effects on atria;therapeutic dosage don’t slow AVnode ordepressed myocardia conductivity,suppresses ventricular ectopy in the presence of AMI. ^fibrillation threshold.Reduces ventricular irritability.Narrow therapeutic toxic

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26
Q

lidocaine 2% bolus: antiarrythythmic class 1

A

ranges

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27
Q

Mag sulfate: Antiarrhythmic/CNS Depressant

A

An essential element in many biochemical proceses acts as a calcium channel blocker and blocks neuro transmission; treats hypo- magnesemia which is associated with arrhythmias vf/vt, cardiac insufficient and sudden-death;depresses CNS and movement(in higher doses)

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28
Q

Morphine sulfate: narcotic analgesic

A

CNS depressant and potent analgesic and provides sedation, and pain relief; It also decreases cardiac 02 demand by the decreased systhemic resistance and sedative effects

29
Q

Narcan (nalaoxone): narcotic antagonistic

A

Chemically similar to narotics has only antagonist properties by competing for opiate receptors in the brain as well as displacing these receptors partially or fully reverse OD use most frequently to reverse resp.depression from OD but not to provide full recovery prehospital

30
Q

nitroglycerin: nitrate

A

A smooth muscle relaxant that reduces cardiac workload by dilating coronary vessels resulting increase cornary blood flow and improves the flow to ischemic heart. Relief of ischemia may result in the reduction of chest pain also causes peripheral vasodilation which decreases preload

31
Q

sodium bicarb: alkalizing agent

A

A salt that provides bicarbonate to buffer metabolic acidosis. Also used as an antidote for certain ODs particular tricylic antidepressants use for hyperkalemia

32
Q

sodium thiosulfate: cyanide antidote

A

The sulfur binds with cyanide to convert it into thiocyantes and sulfites which are much less toxic and excreted in the urine

33
Q

versed

A

A controlled substance use CNS depressan anit anxiety drug; fast acting(1.5-5min) short duration

34
Q

valium(diazepam) anticonvulsant; sedative, hyponotic

A

A benzodiazepine that suppresses the spread of seizure activity in the cortex of the brain but not stop the abnormal discharge; Effective as a smooth muscle relaxant and can be used as a sedative for pre-cardioversion although with longer onset of action and duration, versed is preferred

35
Q

a sypathomimetic that is a selective to b2 adrenegric recpetors; b2 agonist with minimal amount of side affects. Causes prompt bronchodialtion with a duration of about 5 hours

A

Albuterol

36
Q

Slow conduction through the AV node; very short half life not appropriate for wide complex ventricular arrhythmias or a.fib/a.flutte

A

Adenosine

37
Q

An antiarrhythmic drug that has characteristics of all classes because it affects several cellular channels. It is a parasympathetic, lengths the cardiac action cycle slows conduction mostly AV node and prolongs refactory time. It also have a vasodilation action and can decrease cardiac workload and myocardial and 02 consumption but this can also lower blood pressure and has an adverse effect

A

Amiodarone

38
Q

cardiac workload and myocardial and 02 consumption but this can also lower blood pressure and has an adverse effect

A

Amiodarone

39
Q

Main prehospital functions is to decrease ability of platelets to bind together which would decrease the risk of additional clotting at the site of the clot, for our purposes in the heart it can also prevent the reforming of a clot once it has been dissipated. It does this by blocking the formation type of the prostaglandin that causes platelets formation (come together) and arteries to constrict the same substance also blocks pain sensors which reduced sensation of pain although the cause of pain has not change. It is also known for his true anti-inflammatory at the side of the chronic or acute injury and will reduce fever

A

Aspirin

40
Q

of the prostaglandin that causes platelets formation (come together) and arteries to constrict the same substance also blocks pain sensors which reduced sensation of pain although the cause of pain has not change. It is also known for his true anti-inflammatory at the side of the chronic or acute injury and will reduce fever

A

Aspirin

41
Q

injury and will reduce fever P J

A

Aspirin

42
Q

binds acetylcholine receptors to inhibit parasympathetic system; chronotropic;works to increase artrial rate has no effects on muscle contractility or pump action also known as a chemical pacemaker though only effects is on the atrial not the ventricles, so much less likely to work in high degree blocks

A

atropine

43
Q

high degree blocks f 2

A

atropine

44
Q

Antihistamine with anticholinergic and sedative side effects rapid onset of action; will not reverse airway compromise or shock

A

Benadryl

45
Q

^cardiac muscle contractility, ^ventricle automaticity replaces calcium incases of hypocalcemia or in the presence of too much calcuim channel blocker;also assists in the repair of hyperkalemia; antidote for mag sufate

A

calcium chloride

46
Q

Causes a relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and slows conduction of AV node causes vascular dilation and slows rapid ventricular rate associated with a.fib/a.flutter

A

Cardizem

47
Q

Binds and absorbs ingested toxins in the G.I. tract stay bound until discharge from the body as waste

A

Charcoal

48
Q

binds with cyainde ions and converted into cyanocobalim(vitiam b) which is then excreted by the kidneys; cyanide is a poison that rapidly attaches to the cytochrome oxidase complex in the mitrochondrial which keeps the cells from using oxygen and forcing the cell into anaerobic respirations. This results in production of lactic celluar hypoxia and metabolic acidosis

A

cyanokit; cyanide antidote

49
Q

results in production of lactic celluar hypoxia and metabolic acidosis h

A

cyanokit; cyanide antidote

50
Q

Supplies or replaces glucose for the body, particularly the brain

A

dextrose: carbohydrate

51
Q

Chemical precursor to norepi acts on alpha/beta-1 dopaminergic receptors; effects are dose related; ^BP due to both Alph/abeta1 effects by increased stroke volume, peripheral vasoconstriction doesn’t ^oxygen demand on the heart as much as epi and doesn’t have as much powerful of heart rate effects

A

Dopamine

52
Q

A potent alpha and beta adrenergic stimulant producing increased blood flow to the myocardium and brain. Beta effects include increased possibility of increase cardiac workload and O2 consumption

A

EPI: Sympathetic agonist; naturally occurring catecholamine

53
Q

combined effects ^heart rate, ^contractile force, ^electrical activity in the myocardium including simulating spontaneous firing of conductive cells; ^systemic vascular resistance; ^blood pressure; ^automaticity; may convert fine v.fib to course and increases the chances of successful defibrillation

A

EPI

54
Q

A very vapid and short acting sedative for cardioversion and pacing to treat shivering if receiving ice therapy as well as for medication assisted intubation or for assistance with spinal immobilization

A

etomidate(amidate); hypnotic, sedative

55
Q

Protein secreted by pancreas it is now DNA recombatant increases the blood glucose level by converting glycogen that the liver may have stored into glucose it also blocks formation of glycogen from glucose and is indicated when a patient this hypoglycemic/symptomatic and IV cannot be placed; it also extetrs a positive inotropic action on the heart,decreases renal vascular resistance

A

Glucagon

56
Q

be placed; it also extetrs a positive inotropic action on the heart,decreases renal vascular resistance FFA

A

Glucagon

57
Q

Oral simple sugar the raises available glutose to brain without IM/IV/subq meds

A

glutose: sugar replacement

58
Q

provides quick topical and anesthesia wherever the medication comes in contact with mucous membrane; to be used to dull or suppress gag reflex in order to perform nasal or oral intubation

A

hurricane spray; topical oral anesthetic

59
Q

A loop diuretic that inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys the first effect after administration(5min) is vasovalidation therefore reducing preload and decreasing workload of the heart the second effect that actual diuresis occurs within 5 to 15 minutes

A

Lasix (fourosemide)

60
Q

Depresses depolarization and automaticity in the ventricles;little effects on atria;therapeutic dosage don’t slow AVnode ordepressed myocardia conductivity,suppresses ventricular ectopy in the presence of AMI. ^fibrillation threshold.Reduces ventricular irritability.Narrow therapeutic toxic

A

Lidocaine 2% bolus; Antiarrthymic class 1

61
Q

ranges

A

lidocaine 2% bolus: antiarrythythmic class 1

62
Q

An essential element in many biochemical proceses acts as a calcium channel blocker and blocks neuro transmission; treats hypo- magnesemia which is associated with arrhythmias vf/vt, cardiac insufficient and sudden-death;depresses CNS and movement(in higher doses)

A

Mag sulfate: Antiarrhythmic/CNS Depressant

63
Q

CNS depressant and potent analgesic and provides sedation, and pain relief; It also decreases cardiac 02 demand by the decreased systhemic resistance and sedative effects

A

Morphine sulfate: narcotic analgesic

64
Q

Chemically similar to narotics has only antagonist properties by competing for opiate receptors in the brain as well as displacing these receptors partially or fully reverse OD use most frequently to reverse resp.depression from OD but not to provide full recovery prehospital

A

Narcan (nalaoxone): narcotic antagonistic

65
Q

A smooth muscle relaxant that reduces cardiac workload by dilating coronary vessels resulting increase cornary blood flow and improves the flow to ischemic heart. Relief of ischemia may result in the reduction of chest pain also causes peripheral vasodilation which decreases preload

A

nitroglycerin: nitrate

66
Q

A salt that provides bicarbonate to buffer metabolic acidosis. Also used as an antidote for certain ODs particular tricylic antidepressants use for hyperkalemia

A

sodium bicarb: alkalizing agent

67
Q

The sulfur binds with cyanide to convert it into thiocyantes and sulfites which are much less toxic and excreted in the urine

A

sodium thiosulfate: cyanide antidote

68
Q

A controlled substance use CNS depressan anit anxiety drug; fast acting(1.5-5min) short duration

A

versed

69
Q

A benzodiazepine that suppresses the spread of seizure activity in the cortex of the brain but not stop the abnormal discharge; Effective as a smooth muscle relaxant and can be used as a sedative for pre-cardioversion although with longer onset of action and duration, versed is preferred

A

valium(diazepam) anticonvulsant; sedative, hyponotic

70
Q
A

meds action (3 decks)

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