Meds Flashcards
Diazepam
Use
Dose
Risks
Nursing considerations
Use: anxiety, acute alcohol withdrawal, pre-op muscle relaxant
Dose: 2-5mg IV q3-4h; 5-10 mg muscle relaxant
Risks: CNS depression, confusion, drowsy, resp depression, orthostatic hypo
Nursing considerations: give in LARGE vein over 3 minutes. do NOT dilute. Assess pt vitals, CNS, and LOC
Succinylcholine
Use
Dose
Risks
Nursing considerations
Use: paralytic for RSI, difficult intubations, mechanical ventilation
Dose: 0.6mg/kg IV. Peak of 1 minute. Fades 4-10 minutes.
Risks: hyperkalemia (depolarizes muscles!), malignant hyperthermia, muscle pain
Nursing considerations: succinylcholine fades faster than other paralytics!!
does NOT reduce pain and does NOT reduce LOC!! Need pain meds and a sedative!!!
Aspirin (ASA)
Use
Risks
Nursing considerations
Use: for AMI; anticoagulant that causes irreversible platelet aggregation inhibition. Won’t break up clots, but will prevent clot from getting bigger.
Risks: SEVERE risk of bleeding, high dose can cause GI bleeding
Nursing considerations: monitor for bleeding, no antidote (infusions/activated charcoal)
Nitroglycerin (nitro, nitrates)
Use Dose Risks Nursing considerations Who can and cannot be given
Use: vasodilator, increases blood flow to heart, antianginal, nitrate
Dose: SL 0.4mg
Risks: hypotension & syncope, headache, dizziness, rash
Nursing considerations: baseline ECG! Medication reconciliation to make sure pt is not on any other nitrates or viagra! Monitor HR, BP, CP levels
do NOT give to patients taking Viagra, pt. with R sided AMI, Increased ICP, pericardial tamponade
Epinephrine
Use
Dose
Risks
Nursing considerations
Use: Vasopressor for cardiac arrest. Vasopressor for all rhythms, even non-shockable.
Dose: 1mg IVP q3-5min
Risks: hypertension, tachycardia
Nursing considerations: potent vasoconstrictor, can be inactivated by alkaline solutions such as sodium bicarb so do not push through same line.
Atropine
Use
Dose
Nursing considerations
Who to use/not to use on.
Use: increases heart rate in patients with symptomatic bradycardia with a BP >90 and no chest pain.
Dose: 1mg IVP q3-5min, max 3mg. SLAM IT!!!!!!! As fast as possible
Nursing considerations: call rapid response, prep for more invasive measures
**remember that atropine only works on the sinus nose to increase rhythm
**atropine is only for SYMPTOMATIC STABLE bradycardia (low O2, other sx). If unstable, need AED.
Adenosine
Use
Dose
Risk
Nursing considerations
Use: Antidysrhythmic; slows conduction through AV node to stop tachydysrhythmias in order to reset the heart. Flatlines patient. Given for stable, narrow complex tachycardia
Dose: 6mg rapid IVP then flush then 12mg IVP then flush
Risk: Respiratory arrest, cardiac arrest, pt will flatline, flush, and gasp for breath
Nursing considerations: follow ACLS protocol, explain risks to patient
*only use in PIV, not central line!
Cardizem
Use
Dose
Risks
Nursing considerations
Give for A-Fib
Use: calcium channel blocker and antiarrhythmic that slows SA/AV node conduction and relaxes coronary vascular smooth muscle by dilating the coronary arteries.
Dose: 0.25mg/kg IVP over 5 mins, then begin infusion of 10-20 mg/hour
Risk: hypotension, heart block, renal failure/injury
Nursing considerations: monitor rhythm, check labs/urine output, Vitals/BP
