Mediterranean Europe Flashcards
Mediterranean Europe
Why were early villages sperated?
Mountains
Who developed the first democracy?
Athens
Who were able to participate in law-making in Athens?
free men
When and why was Greece conquered?
It was conquered in 338 BC by Macedonia because war and conflict weakened it
What did Alexander the Great do?
He conquered much land and spread Greek culture (Hellenism) almost all the way to India
What is Greek culture called?
Hellenism
What Peninsulas did Rome conquer?
Iberian and Balkan
Overtime what did Rome have?
an emperor (oligarchy)
Who was Julius Caeser?
He was a dictator in Rome who played a critical rise in the Demi’s of the Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire
What was ‘crossing the rubicon’?
Julius Caeser crossed a stream and led to Civil war
How and when did Julius Caeser die?
He got stabbed 23 times by senators on March 15, 44 BC because he was too powerful
Who was Caeser Augustas aka Octavius?
he was the Grand nephew of Julius Caeser and founded the Roman Empire, as well as the first emperor
What ties does the Roman Empire have to Christianity?
It had control over Isreal, which was Jesus’s hizzy. In late 300’s AD it became the official religion of the Roman Empire
Who was Constantine?
the 1st Christian Emperor of the Roman Empire
When and what did the Roman Empire split into?
It split in 395 AD into the Western Empire and the Easten Empire
The Western Empire…
centered on Rome, and was weaking by invasions, causing it to fall in 476 AD
What happened on 476 AD?
the Western Empire fell
The Eastern Empire…
centered around Constantinople, continued for the next 1000 years before being conquered by Ottoman Turks in 1453
What happened in 1453?
the Eastern Empire fell
Where did the Renaissance begin?
Italy
When did the Crusades happen?
1096
How did the Renaissance start?
Italians funded the Crusades and got wealthy
Who were the Medici family and what did they do?
they were an Italian banking family who funded artists like Michelangelo and Conetello. They also produce 4 popes
When did Portuguese begin and under who?
in 1418 under Prince Henry (the Navigator)
Who was Francisco Pizarro?
A Spanard who conquered the Incans
Who was Hernan Cortes?
He conquered the Aztecs
Who was Vespucci?
an Italian explorer and navigator who identified the America’s as a distinct continent
Who was Ponce de Leon?
A Spanish explorer who made the first European expidetion to Puerto Rico
Who was de Soto?
Another freaking Spanish explorer
What did exploration allow?
colonies to establish. gain Walther, spread catholicism and languages
What language did Rome spread?
Latin
What languages evolved from Latin?
the love languages, Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese
What 2 branches of Christianity developed in the Roman Empire?
Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox
Who is the wrold’s largest export of cork?
Portugal
Who is the world’s largest export of olive oil?
Spain
Who is the world’s largest export of luxury goods?
Italy
What is Basque?
a minority in Northern Spain that wants independence
what is popular in Spain (entertainment)?
bull fighting the the Running of the Bulls
What were Michelangelo’s 5 occupations?
sculptor, poet, philosopher, archetiect, and painter
What is the David?
a sculpture by Michelangelo made from a hammer, from 1501-1504. It is 17 ft tall
What is La Pieta?
a sculpture by Michelangelo, 1498-1499
What is the Sistine Chapel?
It was a painting by Michelangelo, painted while laying down from 1508-1512. Very influential it changed the course of Western art.
When and where was Michelangelo born? When did he die? How old was he?
1475-1564 in Florence Italy, he died at 88 yrs old
Where did Europe exploration begin?
In Portugal, 1336
