Medieval Religion in England Flashcards
What was the purpose of Doom Paintings?
Doom Paintings were created to frighten people into behaving well by depicting scary images of hell and the afterlife.
Why were Doom paintings important in churches?
Since up to 90% of people were unable to read, these visual images in churches were crucial in conveying religious messages.
Why did Thomas Becket resign from his position as Chancellor?
Becket resigned as Chancellor because he wanted to focus more on the Church, which upset King Henry II.
Why did Becket’s resignation anger Henry II?
Becket’s decision to focus on the Church upset Henry II because it was seen as a loss of support from a close ally.
What did Henry II want to pass, and how did Becket respond?
Henry II wanted to pass the Constitution of Clarendon, limiting the Church’s powers. Becket disagreed and refused to accept it, leading to him fleeing to France.
What action did Henry II take in Becket’s absence, and how did Becket react?
In Becket’s absence, Henry II appointed his own bishops. Becket, in response, excommunicated them in a letter, which angered Henry II further.
What did Henry II reportedly say that led to Becket’s murder, and who carried out the deed?
Henry II allegedly exclaimed, “Who will rid me of this turbulent priest?” Four knights overheard and murdered Becket at Canterbury Cathedral.
What motivated people to go on Crusades?
People went on Crusades for several reasons:
For God: They received indulgences, a kind of religious pardon, for participating.
Chivalry: Knights were expected to display strength and bravery, and the Crusades offered a way to fulfill this expectation.
Land and booty: Some sought riches and opportunities for acquiring land through participating in Crusades.
Who were Richard and Saladin, and what were their backgrounds?
Richard was the King of England, a Christian, unfamiliar with desert warfare, and wore heavy armor. Saladin was the Sultan of Egypt, a Muslim, adept at desert combat, wore light armor, and sent aid to Richard when he was unwell.
What were some differences between Richard and Saladin in terms of combat and attire?
Richard, being a European king, wasn’t accustomed to desert warfare and wore heavy armor, while Saladin, skilled in desert combat, wore lighter armor suitable for the terrain.
How did Saladin assist Richard when he was sick?
Saladin showed generosity by sending ice, water, and food to Richard when he was unwell.
What common traits did both Richard and Saladin share despite being adversaries?
Both Richard and Saladin were esteemed warriors, mutually respected each other’s prowess, and signed a truce agreeing not to crusade for three years in exchange for ensuring the safety of pilgrims.
What were the purposes of Crusader Castles, and where were they located?
Crusader Castles, like those in Outremer, served purposes of defense, display of power, and launching attacks.
Who were the Templars and Hospitallers, and what was unique about them?
The Templars and Hospitallers were groups that lived like monks but were allowed to fight during the Crusades.
What were some economic outcomes of the Crusades?
Some Europeans became wealthy due to increased trade between the East and West.
