Medieval Period And Chaucer Flashcards
When did the Middle Ages begin?
1066
What happened in 1066?
The Norma’s defeated the Anglo-Saxons at the Battle of Hastings.
Who was the first king of England?
William the Conqueror.
After William of Normandy became William 1 of England what system did he institute into his newly conquered land?
Feudalism
What three groups were the people in the new social system into?
Nobility
Clergy
Commoners
Who were the upper and lower nobility?
Upper blood royals
Lower knights.
Where does the word chivalry come from?
French word chevalier which means horseman or horse soldier.
What did knighthood involve?
Code of chivalry
During the Crusades what was the object of the crusaders?
To take the holy lands from the Seljuk Turks
Descriptors of the crusades
Bloody predictable unsuccessful
What did the crusades expose Europe to?
Technology
Science mathematics of the Muslim world
What did the crusades provide Europe with the desire?
Explore new lands.
In the city who was in charge of the manufacturing industry?
Guilds
Who were guilds similar to?
Trade unions
Apprentice journeyman master
When did the bubonic plague occur?
First occurred in England in 1348.
Benefits of the plague
How long?
Cause?
End to feudalism due to decrease in pop.
Next 300 years
Fleas on rats.
What’s one of the reason ls for the chaotic spelling in the English language?
Printers who didn’t check with the writers before they change it.
Who brought printing to England? When?
William Caxton in 1476.
Who did he print the works of?
Chaucer and Malory and others
What was the effect of Caxton’s printing?
Reasonably priced books available to everyone who could read.
When was the time of the university system in Europe?
After the printing press.
What degrees were offered?
Bachelors, masters and doctorate.
Who was allowed in the universities and what kind of lecturing and note taking was used?
Latin
Men
What language was used in all Ronan catholic services?
Latin
The Middle Ages was the time of the building of great __________ in Europe.
There was a power struggle between ____ and ____.
Cathedrals
Popes
Kings
What were the two types of plays to teach the illiterate population?
Mystery and morality
Mystery plays
Bible stories acted out in dramas performed in town squares or in churches. Instructive
Morality plays
Dramas about the conflict between good and evil. Also performed in towns or outside churches.
Folk ballad
Told or sung by the common people
Romances
Told or sung by ministered and other about the age of chivalry, love, and magic.
Who died without issue?
Edward the confessor in 1066 ad.
In what battle did William defeat Harold?
Battle of Hastings in 1066
Where did William crown king of England?
Westminster abbey
How was England changed by William?
Language feudalism and military
What happened to Thomas Becket?
Murdered in Canterbury cathedral by four knights of Henry 2. Henry must do penance as ordered by the pop and people of England. In 1170.
When was becket made a saint by the pope
1173.
When did Chaucer write the Canterbury tales
1385.
Who wrote down the legend of King Arthur from English French and lain sources? And when
- Malory.
What is the bayeux tapestry?
77 yd. of embroidery wool on linen.
What was the domesday book?
A questionnaire saying how much of each thing they have. Thought of as king Williams new tax scheme to fleece the rich.
Who took the throne after Edward?
Harold godwinson. Relative.
Story of Thomas becket and Henry
T. B. Was appointed arch bishop by Henry Argued about issues regarding power. T. B. Murdered. Henry did penance T. B. Cannonized. Canterbury tales written.
Commoners
Mostly illiterate
Average workers
Physicians
Sung or recited ballads.
Clergy
Wrote religious works. Literate Pardoner Priest Nuns
Allegory
Where people things and happenings have a symbolic meaning.
Nobility
Mostly Norman
Some literate some not
Ministrels sang and told stories.
What did sir Thomas Malory write?
Le morte d’arthur.
Exemplum
Laying. Part of a sermon
What does the tavern boy and the host warn the rioters about? How do they respond?
Death. They want to kill death.
Who do the rioters meet? And what do they demand of him?
An old man and they demand that he tell them where death is.
What do the rioters find under a tree?
Gold florins(coins)
The two men want to kill the other one? What does the other one want to do?
They want to stab him. He wants to poison them.
How does it end?
Everyone dies.
