Medieval Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

What was the primary medical theory in Britain during the medieval period?

A

The Four Humours theory.

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2
Q

What are the Four Humours?

A

Blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile.

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3
Q

True or False: Medieval medicine relied heavily on superstitions and religious beliefs.

A

True.

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4
Q

Who was Hippocrates?

A

An ancient Greek physician whose ideas influenced medieval medicine.

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5
Q

What role did the Church play in medicine during 1000-1450?

A

The Church controlled medical knowledge and promoted religious healing.

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: Medieval hospitals were often run by ______.

A

Religious orders.

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7
Q

What was the significance of the Black Death on medicine?

A

It led to a shift in medical practices and increased demand for better healthcare.

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8
Q

Which medical practitioner was known for using herbal remedies?

A

The apothecary.

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9
Q

True or False: Bloodletting was a common treatment based on the Four Humours theory.

A

True.

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10
Q

What was the main purpose of medieval surgery?

A

To treat injuries and perform amputations.

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11
Q

Who were the barber-surgeons?

A

Practitioners who performed surgery and dental work in medieval times.

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ was a key text for medical knowledge in the medieval period.

A

Hippocratic Corpus.

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13
Q

What was a common belief about illness in medieval times?

A

Illness was often seen as a punishment from God.

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14
Q

True or False: Medical universities were established in Britain during the 12th century.

A

False; they were established later.

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15
Q

What was the role of midwives in medieval medicine?

A

They assisted in childbirth and provided care for women.

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16
Q

What is ‘trepanation’?

A

A surgical procedure that involves drilling a hole in the skull.
(Thought to release demons)

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ was an important text on anatomy during the medieval period.

A

Anatomy of the Human Body.

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18
Q

Who was Galen?

A

A Roman physician whose work was influential in medieval medicine.

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19
Q

True or False: Medical practice during this period was based on empirical evidence.

A

False; it was mostly based on theories and traditions.

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20
Q

What was the purpose of ‘plague doctors’?

A

To treat victims of the plague and prevent its spread.

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ was a major epidemic that affected Britain in the 14th century.

A

Black Death.

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22
Q

What did medieval physicians typically study?

A

The works of ancient scholars, especially Galen and Hippocrates.

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23
Q

True or False: Women were generally excluded from formal medical training.

A

True.

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24
Q

What was ‘miasma’ theory?

A

The belief that diseases were caused by bad air or ‘miasmas’.

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25
Q

What type of surgical procedure was common for treating wounds?

A

Cauterization.

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26
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ was a popular method for diagnosing illness in medieval times.

A

Urine analysis.

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27
Q

What is a ‘leech’ used for in medieval medicine?

A

To draw blood as part of treatment.

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28
Q

Who were the ‘wise women’?

A

Healers who used traditional remedies and herbal medicine.

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29
Q

True or False: Most medieval hospitals provided medical care for the poor.

A

True.

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30
Q

What was the main focus of medieval medical training?

A

Theoretical knowledge rather than practical skills.

31
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ were often used to treat fevers in medieval times.

A

Leeches

32
Q

What was a common surgical tool used by barber-surgeons?

A

The scalpel.

33
Q

True or False: The concept of germs was understood in medieval medicine.

A

False.

34
Q

What was the role of the ‘physician’ in medieval society?

A

To provide medical advice and treatment based on ancient texts.

35
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ was an important factor in the spread of the Black Death.

A

Trade.

36
Q

What type of illness was commonly treated with ‘bloodletting’?

A

Fever and inflammation.

37
Q

Who was Thomas Sydenham?

A

A physician known for his work on observing symptoms.

38
Q

True or False: The practice of medicine was highly regulated by the government.

A

False; it was largely unregulated.

39
Q

What did medieval monks contribute to medicine?

A

They preserved and copied medical texts.

40
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ was a common method of diagnosis involving the use of charms.

A

Superstition.

41
Q

What was the significance of the ‘Regimen Sanitatis’?

A

It was a guide for maintaining health and preventing disease.

42
Q

What did medieval medical practitioners use to avoid infection during surgery?

A

They did not have effective methods to avoid infection.

43
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ was a significant medieval medical text that detailed surgical techniques.

A

Surgery of the Middle Ages.

44
Q

True or False: Herbal remedies were often used by both physicians and common folk.

A

True.

45
Q

What was the purpose of ‘bloodletting’?

A

To balance the Four Humours.

46
Q

Fill in the blank: The study of anatomy was limited due to ______.

A

Religious restrictions on dissection.

47
Q

Who was Avicenna?

A

A Persian physician whose works influenced European medicine.

48
Q

True or False: The use of leeches was considered a sophisticated medical practice.

A

True.

49
Q

What was the impact of the Black Death on the medical profession?

A

It led to a shortage of medical practitioners and increased pay.

50
Q

Fill in the blank: Medieval medicine often combined ______ with practical treatments.

A

Religious beliefs.

51
Q

What was ‘quarantine’ used for during the Black Death?

A

To isolate those infected to prevent the spread of disease.

52
Q

True or False: The concept of patient confidentiality was important in medieval medicine.

A

False.

53
Q

What was considered the best way to maintain health in medieval times?

A

A balanced diet and moderation in activities.

54
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ was often used in medieval medicine to determine a patient’s condition.

A

Pulse.

55
Q

Who were the ‘plague doctors’ and what did they wear?

A

Doctors who treated plague victims, often wearing masks with long beaks.

56
Q

True or False: Medieval medicine was based on scientific experimentation.

A

False.

57
Q

What was the role of astrology in medieval medicine?

A

It was used to determine the best times for treatment.

58
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ was an important medical school in medieval Europe.

A

University of Salerno.

59
Q

What was a common belief about the causes of disease during this period?

A

Imbalance of the Four Humours.

60
Q

True or False: Medical knowledge was widely accessible to the general population.

A

False.

61
Q

What did medieval physicians rely on for diagnosing illnesses?

A

Observation and patient history.

62
Q

Fill in the blank: Many medical practitioners were ______, having received training through apprenticeships.

A

Apothecaries.

63
Q

What was the significance of ‘herbal remedies’ in medieval medicine?

A

They were widely used for treating various ailments.

64
Q

True or False: Medieval hospitals were primarily focused on curing diseases.

A

False; they were more focused on care and comfort.

65
Q

What was the primary focus of medieval surgery?

A

Amputation and treating wounds.

66
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ was a significant medical text that discussed the properties of plants.

A

Herbarium.

67
Q

Who was the primary audience for medical texts in the medieval period?

A

Physicians and scholars.

68
Q

True or False: Women could become physicians in medieval Britain.

A

False.

69
Q

What was the role of the ‘apothecary’?

A

To prepare and sell medicines and remedies.

70
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ was used as a diagnostic tool to assess health.

A

Urine sample.

71
Q

What did medieval Europeans believe about the influence of the stars on health?

A

They believed that celestial bodies could affect health and disease.

72
Q

True or False: The Black Death led to advancements in medical practices.

A

True.

73
Q

What were common methods of treatment for the Black Death?

A

Bloodletting, herbal remedies, and prayer.

74
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ was a key text that influenced medieval surgical practices.

A

Surgical Treatise.