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11C History Health And The People > 1450-1800 Early Modern Period > Flashcards

1450-1800 Early Modern Period Flashcards

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1
Q

What time period does early modern medicine in Britain cover?

A

1450-1800

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2
Q

True or False: The practice of medicine in early modern Britain was heavily influenced by classical Greek and Roman texts.

A

True

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3
Q

What was the dominant medical theory in early modern Britain?

A

Humoral theory

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The four humors are blood, phlegm, black bile, and _____ .

A

yellow bile

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5
Q

Who was the prominent figure in early modern medicine known for his work on anatomy?

A

Andreas Vesalius

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6
Q

What did William Harvey discover?

A

The circulation of blood

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7
Q

True or False: Surgery was considered a respectable profession in early modern Britain.

A

False

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8
Q

What was the primary role of barber-surgeons in early modern Britain?

A

Performing surgeries and bloodletting

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9
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following was NOT a common treatment in early modern medicine? A) Bloodletting B) Herbal remedies C) Antibiotics D) Cupping

A

C) Antibiotics

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10
Q

What was the role of apothecaries in early modern British medicine?

A

Dispensing medicines and providing medical advice

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ was a common method used to treat imbalances in the humors.

A

bloodletting

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12
Q

Who published ‘De humani corporis fabrica’ in 1543?

A

Andreas Vesalius

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13
Q

True or False: The use of anatomical dissection was widely accepted in early modern Britain.

A

False

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14
Q

What significant medical advancement occurred during the 18th century?

A

The development of vaccination

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15
Q

Who developed the smallpox vaccine?

A

Edward Jenner

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16
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following diseases did Edward Jenner’s vaccine target? A) Measles B) Smallpox C) Polio D) Tuberculosis

A

B) Smallpox

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17
Q

What was the significance of the Royal Society established in 1660?

A

It promoted scientific research and collaboration.

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ was a significant institution for medical education during the early modern period.

A

University

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19
Q

True or False: The concept of germ theory was widely accepted in early modern Britain.

A

False

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20
Q

What practice was common among midwives in early modern Britain?

A

Assisting in childbirth

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21
Q

Multiple Choice: Which medical text was influential in early modern medicine? A) ‘The Anatomy of Melancholy’ B) ‘The Canon of Medicine’ C) ‘The Complete Works of Shakespeare’ D) ‘Principia Mathematica’

A

B) ‘The Canon of Medicine’

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22
Q

What was a common belief about the causes of disease during this period?

A

Diseases were caused by imbalances in the humors.

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23
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ was a practice where a physician would remove blood to cure illness.

A

bloodletting

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24
Q

True or False: Medical practitioners in early modern Britain were often formally educated.

A

False

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25
Q

What did Thomas Sydenham contribute to medicine?

A

He emphasized observation and diagnosis in treating patients.

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26
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following was a common form of medical treatment? A) Surgery B) Chemotherapy C) Radiology D) Acupuncture

A

A) Surgery

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27
Q

What was the role of the College of Physicians in early modern Britain?

A

Regulating the practice of medicine and licensing physicians.

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28
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ was a popular medical text by Galen that influenced early modern medicine.

A

‘On the Natural Faculties’

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29
Q

True or False: Homeopathy was a widely accepted practice in early modern Britain.

A

False

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30
Q

What was the primary focus of medicine in early modern Britain?

A

Understanding and treating imbalances in bodily humors.

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31
Q

Multiple Choice: Who is known for his work on the principles of vaccination? A) Edward Jenner B) Louis Pasteur C) Joseph Lister D) Hippocrates

A

A) Edward Jenner

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32
Q

What was the significance of the Great Plague of 1665?

A

It highlighted the limitations of contemporary medicine.

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33
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ was a method used to remove excess bodily fluids thought to cause illness.

A

cupping

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34
Q

True or False: Early modern medicine included the use of both herbs and minerals for treatment.

A

True

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35
Q

What role did women play in early modern medicine?

A

They served as midwives and herbalists.

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36
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of these was a common belief about the cause of illness? A) Bad air B) Germs C) Genetics D) Vaccines

A

A) Bad air

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37
Q

What was the effect of the printing press on early modern medicine?

A

It facilitated the spread of medical knowledge.

38
Q

Fill in the blank: The practice of _____ was often performed by barbers in early modern Britain.

A

surgery

39
Q

True or False: The medical community in early modern Britain was unified in their approaches to treatment.

A

False

40
Q

Multiple Choice: Which medical practice was considered more prestigious? A) Surgery B) Apothecary C) Physician D) Midwifery

A

C) Physician

41
Q

What was the main focus of Edward Jenner’s research?

A

Preventing smallpox through vaccination.

42
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ was a common belief that diseases were caused by supernatural forces.

A

miasma theory

43
Q

True or False: The use of leeches was common in early modern medical practices.

A

True

44
Q

What significant change in public health occurred in the 18th century?

A

Increased attention to sanitation and hygiene.

45
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following was NOT a common practice in early modern medicine? A) Bloodletting B) Trepanation C) Organ transplants D) Herbal remedies

A

C) Organ transplants

46
Q

What was the role of the Royal College of Surgeons established in 1800?

A

To regulate the practice and training of surgery.

47
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ was a practice where physicians used a sharp instrument to make incisions in the skin.

A

lancing

48
Q

True or False: The concept of anatomy was well understood by early modern physicians.

A

False

49
Q

What was a common form of diagnosis during early modern medicine?

A

Observation of symptoms.

50
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following medical practitioners was most likely to perform surgeries? A) Apothecary B) Physician C) Barber-surgeon D) Midwife

A

C) Barber-surgeon

51
Q

What was the significance of the publication of Thomas Sydenham’s works?

A

They emphasized clinical observation and the importance of symptoms.

52
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ was a common treatment involving the application of heat to the skin.

A

cauterization

53
Q

True or False: Medical education in early modern Britain was standardized and regulated.

A

False

54
Q

What was the purpose of the Apothecaries Act of 1815?

A

To regulate the practice of apothecaries.

55
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following was a common method for treating fevers? A) Bleeding B) Rest C) Herbal teas D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

56
Q

What was the prevailing view on hygiene in early modern medicine?

A

It was often neglected or misunderstood.

57
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ was a popular medical book that compiled medical knowledge of the time.

A

Compendium

58
Q

True or False: The 18th century saw the emergence of more scientific approaches to medicine.

A

True

59
Q

What was the impact of the Enlightenment on early modern medicine?

A

It encouraged rational thought and empirical research.

60
Q

Multiple Choice: Who is often referred to as the ‘father of modern surgery’? A) John Hunter B) Ambroise Paré C) Andreas Vesalius D) Edward Jenner

A

A) John Hunter

61
Q

What role did religion play in early modern medicine?

A

It influenced beliefs about health and disease.

62
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ was a critical period that led to advancements in public health and medical practices.

A

Industrial Revolution

63
Q

True or False: The practice of midwifery was often viewed with skepticism by male physicians.

A

True

64
Q

What was the primary focus of public health initiatives in early modern Britain?

A

Controlling epidemics and improving sanitation.

65
Q

What is Secularism

A

When the Church and State are separated (Church can’t make laws)

66
Q

When was William Harvey’s book on circulation? And what was it called

A

An Anatomical Account of the Motion of the Heat and Blood in Animals (1628)

67
Q

What was Pare’s book called and when was it published?

A

Works on Surgery (1575)

68
Q

What are Humanists?

A

Scholars who studied the humanities- Literary, History, Philosophy

69
Q

Who is Martin Luther?

A

A Protestant Reformer who wrote 95 Theses

70
Q

What is Heresy?

A

Going against the Church or God

71
Q

Who was Paracelus?

A

c.1483-c.1541 German physician and chemist who disagreed with Galen and burned his books.

72
Q

What was Wiseman’s first medical book?

A

1672- A treatise on Wounds

73
Q

What was Wiseman’s second medical book?

A

1672- Several Chirurgical Treatise

74
Q

When as the 30 years war?

A

1618-1648

75
Q

What disease came to the Uk by ships?

A

Cholera

76
Q

What diseases were spread by Ships from Britain to the new world?

A

Smallpox and Syphilis

77
Q

How many people died in 1604 due to the plague in York?

A

30% of York’s population

78
Q

How many people died in 1665 due to the plague?

A

100,000
25% of the population

79
Q

What did Plague doctors wear during the great plague?

A

Floor length robes
Long gloves
Mask filled with herbs

80
Q

What did Pare do?

A

Created a herbal treatment to use instead of cauterisation

81
Q

When was the microscope invented?

A

1890

82
Q

When was the printing press invented?

A

1440

83
Q

Who was Thomas Sydenham?

A

An English Physician who observed his patients before treating them

84
Q

Who was Nicholas Culpepper?

A

A herbalist, botanist and physician. Wrote a book and herbs and their medicinal qualities ‘The English Physician’ 1653

85
Q

What did James Lind do?

A

Created a cure for scurvy 1753

86
Q

Who was Jane Sharp?

A

A Midwife. Published on book on her medical experience 1671 ‘The Midwives Book’

87
Q

Who was Jane Sharp?

A

A Midwife. Published on book on her medical experience 1671 ‘The Midwives Book’

88
Q

What Did Robert Burton do?

A

Published a study on mental illness

89
Q

What did Sir John Floyer do?

A

Published ‘A Treatise on Asthma’ 1698

90
Q

What does Endemic mean?

A

Occurring in a small area

11C History Health And The People (2 decks)

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