Medieval Medicine Flashcards
Give two ideas of Hippocrates
Four Humours. Hippocratic Oath. Hippocratic Corpus (books)
Give two ideas of Galen.
Treatment of Opposites. Brain controls the body. Anatomy based on monkeys.
Give three reasons why Galen and Hippocrates were so important.
Church promoted them. Basis of medicine. People were reluctant to embrace new ideas.
When did the Black Death first arrive in England?
1348
Give two Medieval causes of the Black Death.
God sent it as a punishment. Miasma. Movement of planets and stars.
What is the difference between bubonic and pneumonic plague?
Bubonic plague has swelling (buboes). Pneumonic plague attacks the lungs and is passed from person to person.
Roughly what percentage of the population died during the original Black Death outbreak?
Around 40% (around 60% in London)
Give three Medieval treatments for the plague.
Bleeding. Purging. Herbal remedies. Praying.
What is a physician?
A university-trained doctor. They use the Four Humors theory to treat patients.
What does a ‘Barber-Surgeon’ do?
Stitch wounds, amputate limbs and carry out bleeding as well as some simple operations like tooth extraction.
What is an apothecary?
A medieval chemist.
What is a wise woman?
A local woman with knowledge of plants and herbs.
How did monasteries help the sick?
Most treatments were centered on religion and prayer. They helped the old and young, but would not help the contagious.
When was St. Bartholomew’s hospital first opened?
1123
Give three Medieval treatments for illness.
Bleeding and purging. Herbal remedies. Prayers and Holy relics. Simple Surgery.
Give three ways in which the Church was important to Medieval medicine.
Controlled education. Promoted Galen. Believed that God could cause and cure illness.
Give three examples of progress during the Medieval period.
Some effective herbal treatments. Invention of the printing press. Help provided for ordinary people in monastic houses.
Who were the Flagellants?
People who would whip themselves during outbreaks of Black Death to show repentance to God.
How did the Crusades help medicine to develop?
New techniques like using wine as an antiseptic New books A Canon of Medicine written by Avicenna
When was Bald’s Leech Book (A collection of herbal remedies) written?
800
What was ‘Theriaca’?
A common herbal remedy. It contained over 70 ingredients including ginger, saffron, and viper flesh.
What was Regimen Sanitatis?
A set of instructions provided by physicians to help maintain good health. It was created by Hippocrates.
Where were the vast majority of sick people cared for?
Their home (by a female family member?
What did medieval people believe caused the Black Death?
They believed God had deserted humanity because of the sins they had committed.
