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Edexcel Medicine Through Time > Medieval Medicine > Flashcards

Medieval Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

What was the name for a Medieval doctor?

A

Physician

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2
Q

What medieval method was a rational idea which stopped the spread of disease?

A

Quarantine

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3
Q

What was Articella?

A

A medical textbook which included the works of Hippocrates and Galen

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4
Q

In what type of religious building does Mass take place?

A

A Church

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5
Q

What is the word which describes the identification of the illness or disease that a patient is suffering from?

A

Diagnosis

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6
Q

What types of people would be used for Vivisection in the later middle ages?

A

Criminals

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7
Q

What is the name for a journey to a place of religious importance?

A

A pilgrimage

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8
Q

What was a disease which was used in the Middle Ages and often caused paralysis?

A

Leprosy

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9
Q

What was phlebotomy?

A

The process of blood-letting to rid the body of illness

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10
Q

What word describes a belief not based on rational knowledge?

A

Supernatural

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11
Q

When did the Black Death arrive in England?

A

1348

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12
Q

What did a barber surgeon do?

A

Carry out basic surgical procedures

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13
Q

In what buildings do Christian Monks live?

A

Monasteries

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14
Q

What term was used by those living in later centuries to describe the Medieval belief that ‘bad air’ spread disease?

A

Miasma

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15
Q

Why did people believe in the ‘King’s touch’?

A

Because he was believed to have divine powers from God

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16
Q

What is the term to describe religious self-punishment in the belief that you can say sorry for your sins?

A

Penance

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17
Q

What does ‘chronology’ mean?

A

The correct ordering of events and time periods

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18
Q

What term describes a situation of stagnation or little change?

A

Continuity

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19
Q

What was a medieval ‘stewe’?

A

A building in which the public could pay a small fee and take a bath

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20
Q

Where could someone go and be looked after if they were suffering from Leprosy?

A

A Lazar house

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21
Q

What was the name for the payment medieval people made to the Catholic Church every month?

A

Tithes

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22
Q

What is the term to describe a severe shortage of food, caused by a crop failure or disaster, which could be common in the Medieval period?

A

Famine

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23
Q

What term describes the condition which results from an unbalanced diet or insufficient food?

A

Malnutrition

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24
Q

What S did Christian Medieval people think God would punish them for?

A

Sin

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25
Q

What L did Medieval people believe was a disease sent from God?

A

Leprosy

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26
Q

What is the term to describe beliefs about things that cannot be explained by science or nature?

A

Supernatural

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27
Q

What is the term to describe the idea that the alignment of the stars and planets influence human life?

A

Astrology

28
Q

In which historical period did Hippocrates live?

A

Ancient Greece

29
Q

In which historical period did Galen live?

A

Ancient Rome

30
Q

What term describes a lack of change?

A

Continuity

31
Q

Why was the Catholic Church suspicious of beliefs around astrology in the medieval period?

A

Because it predicted the future

32
Q

What religious people helped look after the sick in the medieval period?

A

Monks and Nuns

33
Q

What is the most accurate term to describe the inability to read and write which was common for most medieval people?

A

Illiterate

34
Q

What chronological time period (roughly) was the later Middle Ages?

A

C.1250-c.1500

35
Q

What does penance mean?

A

Doing a good deed to make up for past wrongs

36
Q

To chose to go without food, usually for religious reasons

A

Fast(ing)

37
Q

A medieval pharmacist or chemist

A

An Apothecary

38
Q

What is the meaning of the term ‘regimen sanitatis’

A

A set of instructions provided by physicians to help a patient maintain good health. First appeared in the work of Hippocrates and later Galen.

39
Q

What institutions had an influence in the medieval period?

A

The Christian church, who strongly influenced people’s ideas on what caused disease. The Bible said that God controlled every aspect of life so people believed that God sent diseases.

40
Q

How did education influence medicine in the Medieval period?

A

The Church controlled education. Physicians were trained by reading books of Hippocrates and Galen and they were NOT encouraged to think for themselves or experiment.

41
Q

Which individuals were important in the medieval period?

A

Galen and Hippocrates

42
Q

What individuals helped progress with their ideas in the Medieval period?

A

Johannes Gutenburg who invented the printing press and Henri de Mondeville questioned Galen’s ideas but he still used the ideas to avoid losing his job!

43
Q

What were attitudes in society like in the medieval period?

A

Very traditional. People respected tradition and did not challenge existing beliefs about the causes of illness and disease. It was only towards the end of the period that the printing press helped to spread new ideas.

44
Q

What year was the printing press invented?

A

1440

45
Q

What years are included in the medieval period?

A

c1250-1500

46
Q

What year did Parliament pass the first law requiring streets and rivers to be kept clean by people?

A

1388

47
Q

What was a rational method used to prevent the spread of disease in the Middle Ages?

A

Quarantine

48
Q

What was the Articella?

A

A medical textbook which included the works of Hippocrates and Galen

49
Q

In what type of religious building does Mass take place?

A

A Church

50
Q

What types of people would be used for Vivisection in the later Middle Ages?

A

Criminals

51
Q

What year was the printing press invented?

A

1440

52
Q

What year was the printing press invented?

A

1440

53
Q

What E was a mixture given to a patient in order to make them vomit in the belief that they would purge themselves of their illness and rebalance the Humours?

A

Emetic

54
Q

What medical theory did Galen develop?

A

The theory of opposites

55
Q

What proportion of England’s population do historians estimate died from the Black Death?

A

1/3 (one-third)

56
Q

What is the correct name for the disease which was known as the Black Death?

A

Bubonic plague

57
Q

Why did local authorities actually stop cleaning the streets during the Black Death?

A

They believed That bad air caused disease so through smelly rubbish would drive off the miasmata causing the plague

58
Q

What was the name for the groups of people who would wander the streets whipping themselves and chanting to ask for God’s forgiveness during the Black Death?

A

Flagellants

59
Q

What P was a bunch of flowers or herbs carried near to peoples’ noses in the belief that it would stop you breathing the miasma (bad air) which spread the Black Death?

A

Posy

60
Q

eft by a wealthy person in their will which was often used to fund a hospital?

A

Endowment

61
Q

What was the main role of a medieval physician?

A

To diagnose illness

62
Q

Where were most people treated when they got sick in medieval England?

A

At home

63
Q

How many hospitals were there in England by 1500?

A

1,100

64
Q

Who staffed medieval hospitals?

A

Monks and nuns

65
Q

Who were the least qualified medical professionals in the medieval period and would often carry out bleeding or tooth extraction?

A

Barber surgeon

66
Q

Which institution owned and ran at least 30% of medieval hospitals?

A

The Catholic Church

67
Q

How did Medieval hospitals treat the sick?

A

Hospitality, rest, recuperation, clean environment

Edexcel Medicine Through Time (3 decks)

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