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Medieval Ages Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Christendom?

A

The Medieval Christian World

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2
Q

What is word for the Medieval Christian World?

A

Christendom

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3
Q

What was Danelaw?

A

land in England that is ruled by Danish law, created by Alfred the Great and Guthrum

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4
Q

what was land in England that is ruled by Danish law, created by Alfred the Great and Guthrum?

A

Danelaw

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5
Q

What was The English Heptarchy?

A

The name given to the seven kingdoms that made up England

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6
Q

What did Alfred the Great do to defeat the Vikings?

A

United the 7 kingdoms of England

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7
Q

Who became the first king of a united England and when?

A

Alfred the Great in 876

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8
Q

What was the feudal contract?

A

A set of unwritten rules that determined the relationship between a lord and his vassal

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9
Q

Who was Charlemagne, when did he reign, and what did he do?

A

King of the Franks from 768-814. He conducted a series of successful military campaigns and spread Christianity

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10
Q

Who was King of the Franks from 768-814, conducted a serious of successful military campaigns and spread Christianity?

A

Charlemagne

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11
Q

Who were the Rus?

A

A group of people (likely Vikings) who settled in Ukraine and would precede the Russians

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12
Q

What group of people were likely Vikings who settled in Ukraine and would precede the Russians?

A

The Rus

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13
Q

What is a manor?

A

A lord’s estate

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14
Q

What is a synonym for a serf?

A

A peasant

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15
Q

What is a synonym for a peasant?

A

A serf

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16
Q

Knights most commonly traded military service for what?

A

for land

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17
Q

What was chivalry?

A

A code of ethics that knights were expected to uphold

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18
Q

What was the code of ethics that knights were expected to uphold?

A

chivalry

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19
Q

Who approved the Magna Carta and when?

A

King John of England in 1215

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20
Q

What effect did the Magna Carta have?

A

It limited the amount of power royals had

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21
Q

What is feudalism?

A

loosely organized government system where local lords governed their own land but owed military service and other support to a greater lord

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22
Q

What is a loosely organized government system where local lords governed their own land but owed military service and other support to a greater lord?

A

feudalism

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23
Q

What is manorialism?

A

economic system that was built around large estates that included one or more villages and the surrounding land

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24
Q

What was an economic system that was built around large estates that included one or more villages and the surrounding land?

A

Manorialism

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25
Q

Who was William the Conqueror?

A

The first Norman monarch of England from 1066-1087.

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26
Q

Who was the first Norman monarch of England from 1066-1087?

A

William the Conqueror

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27
Q

What language was spoken in the Roman Empire versus the Byzantine?

A

The Romans spoke Latin, and the Byzantines spoke Greek

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28
Q

Why is the Byzantine empire not called the Eastern Roman Empire?

A

It was so culturally different, historians needed to further differentiate it.

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29
Q

How was Rome (partially) responsible for all religious laws?

A

St. Peter, head of the church (even in the bible) became the ruler of Rome. He was able to create laws in the church and heaven (through the church) and in Rome (through rule)

30
Q

The question of is the pope or ruler is in charge lead to what?

A

The Great Schism

31
Q

The Great Schism was caused by what question?

A

Is the pope or the ruler in charge?

32
Q

Why was there so much trust between the church and the people?

A

In Charlemagne’s Frankish empire, mass was spoken in Latin. Though in Eastern Europe, only the wealthy knew Latin (95%+ didn’t know). Therefore, they couldn’t read the bible, only trust their words.

33
Q

Where is Charlemagne’s empire compared to today’s map?

A

France

34
Q

How did Charlemagne push for education in his empire?

A

Through the church

35
Q

What is Charlemagne known for?

A

unified Christendom, honored the laws of conquered people, and formed laws to reinforce Christain teachings

36
Q

When did Charlemagne die?

A

814 BC, and his empire died with him a week afterwards due to a poor bureaucracy.

37
Q

What were the three main invaders?

A

Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims

38
Q

Where are the Vikings from?

A

Scandinavia

39
Q

What places did the Magyars invade?

A

central Asia, France, Germany, Northern Italy, and the Byzantine Empire

40
Q

What region are the Vikings associated with and why?

A

Scandinavia, because they come from there.

41
Q

What region are the Magyars associated with?

A

Hungary, because they eventually settled there

42
Q

Why did feudalism develop?

A

There was a need of protection against the Muslims, Magyars, and Vikings.

43
Q

What did lords do towards their knights?

A

provided land and acted as a lawyer between them.

44
Q

What did a manor contain?

A

A manor held the fortified manor house, fields, pastures, village, a mill to grind grain, and a blacksmith.

45
Q

In manorialism, what determined if you were a serf?

A

If your father was a serf, you too were a serf.

46
Q

Who made all of England his property and strengthened the monarchy?

A

William the Conqueror

47
Q

What was the Doomsday Book?

A

First time that England had a record in full account of all property (how many chickens, cows, etc.)

48
Q

What is the Doomsday Book responsible for establishing?

A

System of taxation

49
Q

The system of taxation developed from what?

A

The Doomsday Book

50
Q

Which kings were more powerful, the English or French?

A

The English

51
Q

What did the Magna Carta do?

A

redistricted the King’s power. It removed the ability to arrest without reason and set the foundation for a modern democracy

52
Q

When was the Magna Carta established and by who?

A

In 1215 by King John of England

53
Q

During the crusades, what made the Christians confident in their victories?

A

They believed God was on their side

54
Q

Why did the Christians believe God was on their side during the Crusades?

A

They held victories

55
Q

How many crusades were there?

A

Four

56
Q

How many Europeans died from the Black Death?

A

1/3

57
Q

Where did the Black Death begin?

A

It starts in the east with the Mongols then spreads west to Europe. Millions in China died.

58
Q

How did the Black Death spread?

A

During trade through fleas on rats

59
Q

What made Muhammad submit to Allah?

A

He was visited by Angel Gabriel while meditating in the hills outside Mecca

60
Q

What are the two types of Muslims?

A

Sunni and Shiite.

61
Q

Which of the two Muslim categories contain 85%-90% of the Muslim population?

A

Sunni

62
Q

What connection is there between Muslims and Spain?

A

Muslims were at the height of their civilization in Spain unit 1492 when Columbus came and kicked them all out

63
Q

Why did European scholars travel to Arabia to study?

A

European teachings were done through religion, while Arabian teachings weren’t. They were capable of learning things that were not available in Europe.

64
Q

What did Muslim surgeons find out what to do?

A

How to perform surgery on the eye to cure cataracts.

65
Q

What did Muslim pharmacists do?

A

They were the first to mix medicine into syrup and gummies.

66
Q

What is Baghdad?

A

A capital city where merchants around the world came to trade in. It became the most populated city in the world and still is today.

67
Q

Umayyad Caliphate/Umayyad Empire existed when and where?

A

From 661-750, from Spain to the Indus River Valley.

68
Q

The height of wealth and power within the Umayyad Empire was during whom rule?

A

Caliphs

69
Q

Who built the new capital, Baghdad?

A

Al Mansur

70
Q

What invader destroyed Baghdad and when?

A

The Mongols in 1258

World History (5 decks)

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