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AC- PPP2 > Medicines knowledge, 3 > Flashcards

Medicines knowledge, 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Amoxicillin with clavulanate

  • drug class
A
  • penicillin with betalactamase inhibitor
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2
Q

Amoxicillin with clavulanate

  • common indications
  • moa
A
  • HAP
  • UTI
  • acute otitis media (unresponsive to otitis media)
  • pelvic inflammatory disease
  • works by killing bacteria that cause infections, clavulanate is used to help amoxicillin work better against certain types of bacteria
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3
Q

Amoxicillin with clavulanate

  • dose & directions
A
  • oral 500-875mg BD for 5-10 days or longer depending on the infection, usually 2 BD for 5 days
  • IV 1g q8h; can increase to 1g q6h in serious infections. max is 2g q6h
  • with food, so can have one with breakfast & one with dinner
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4
Q

Amoxicillin with clavulanate

  • key counselling points
  • adv effects
A
  • space doses evenly throughout your waking hours
  • with food, so can have one with breakfast & one with dinner
  • immedicately before food to reduce side effects
  • can cause diarrhoea, nausea and vomitting
  • ask about penicillin allergy
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5
Q

Amoxicillin with clavulanate

  • referral
A
  • if you develop a rash, swelling of the face, lips or tongue, or difficulty breathing, stop medication immediately and seek medical attention
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6
Q

Amoxicillin with clavulanate

  • monitoring
A
  • rash/ allergic reaction
  • symptom improvement
  • renal function
  • liver function
  • blood count
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7
Q

Amoxicillin with clavulanate

  • lifestyle and selfcare
A
  • something like a probiotic would be recommended, to help replenish the good bacteria that has been destroyed from taking an antibiotic, help restore gut flora
  • probiotics also good for general health, enhance immune system function, promote healthy digestion, support bowel regularity
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8
Q

Doxycycline

  • drug class
A
  • tetracycline
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9
Q

Doxycyline

  • common indications
  • moa
A
  • acne
  • infections caused by M.pneumoniae
  • CAP
  • exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
  • works by killing or stopping the growth of bacteria which causes inections or make acne rose so won’t work against viral infections
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10
Q

Doxycycline

  • dose & directions
A
  • acne
    • oral 50 mg once daily for at least 6 weeks; then if necessary, increase to 100 mg once daily
  • infections caused by m.pneumoniae
    • Oral, 200 mg on day 1 (as a single dose or 100 mg twice daily), then 100 mg once daily
  • Prophylaxis of malaria, start 2 days before entering and continue taking doxycycline until 4 weeks after leaving an endemic area, adult, oral 100 mg once daily
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11
Q

Doxycycline

  • key counselling points
  • adverse effects
A
  • take in morning rather than at night
  • take with food or milk to reduce stomach upset- breakfast
  • avoid lying down for atleast an hour after taking the dose, this is to stop the medicines sticking on the way to your stomach because it can cause painful damage to the lining of your throat
  • antacids, iron, calcium or zinc supplements? take 2 hours after dose because it can interfere with absorption
  • can make you more sensitive to light, avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing and use sunscreen while taking this medicine
  • adv: N/V/D
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12
Q

Doxycycline

  • referral
A
  • if you develop new indigestion or heartburn; severe headaches or blurred vision or a rash, swelling of the face, lips or tongue; stop it and speak to Dr
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13
Q

Doxycycline

  • monitoring
A
  • age taking dose, can discolour teeth in children
  • rash
  • indigestion/ heartburn
  • SLE
  • liver function
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14
Q

Doxycycline

  • lifetsyle (selfcare)
A
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15
Q

Ciprofloxacin

  • drug class
A
  • quinolone
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16
Q

Ciprofloxacin

  • common indications
  • moa
A
  • proven or suspected infections when alternatives haven’t worked–> UTI/ prostatitis
  • salmonella
  • typhoid, paratyphoid
  • complication UTIs
  • this medicine works by killing the bacteria which has caused your infection
17
Q

Ciprofloxacin

  • dose & directions
A
  • Oral, 250–500 mg twice daily. Maximum 1.5 g daily
  • take on an empty stomach, so 1 hour before food or 2 hours after meals
  • drink plenty of water while taking this medicine
18
Q

Ciprofloxacin

  • key counselling points
  • adverse effects
A
  • take on an empty stomach so 1 hour before food or 2 hours after meals
  • drink lots of water while taking this medicine
  • dairy products, iron, zinc or calcium supplements, and aluminium- or magnesium-containing antacids may reduce the absorption of ciprofloxacin, you cane take them 2 hours after ciprofloxacin dose
  • coffee? might increase caffeine effects, might need to reduce caffiene intake
  • avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing and use sunscreen
  • adv: N/D
19
Q

Ciprofloxacin

  • referral
A
  • if you develop severe pain, swelling or tenderness in a tendon or vision changes, yellow skin or eys speak to GP
20
Q

Ciprofloxacin

  • monitoring
A
  • renal function
  • tendon tenderness or swelling
  • rash
  • sx improvement
21
Q

Ciprofloxacin

  • lifestyle (selfcare)
A
22
Q

Norfloxacin

  • drug class
A
  • quinolone
23
Q

Norfloxacin

  • common indications
  • moa
A
  • uncompicated UTI
  • travellers diarrhoea
  • shigellosis (infection of intestines- contagious)
  • this medicine works by killing the bacteria which has caused your infection
24
Q

Norfloxacin

  • dose & directions
A
  • uncomplicated UTIs
    • oral 400 mg BD for 3 days
  • travellers diarrhoea
    • oral 800 mg as a single dose; or 400 mg BD for 3 days
    • prophylaxis: oral 400 mg daily for up to 3 weeks, starting on the day of travel and continuing for 1–2 days after leaving the area of concern
  • max is 800mg daily
  • on an empty stomach so 1hr before food or 2 hrs after food
  • drink plenty of water while taking this medicine
25
Q

Norfloxacin

  • key counselling points
  • adverse effects
A
  • take on an empty stomach, so 1hr before food or 2 hrs after food
  • make sure you drink plenty of water while on this medicine
  • dairy products, antacids, iron, zinc or calcium supplements may reduce the absorption of norfloxacin; you can have them 2 hours after dose
  • makes your skin more sensitive to light, avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing and broad spectrum sunscreen
  • sometimes can increase effects of caffeine, may need to lower caffeine intake
  • adv: usually causes no problems but you may notice some stomach upset when you take it or maybe some nausea, headaches or dizziness
26
Q

Norfloxacin

  • referral
A
  • if you notice any signs of allergy such as sweelling of the face and lips, difficulty breathing, seek medical attention
  • if you develop severe pain, swelling or tenderness in a tendon- stop & see Dr
27
Q

Norfloxacin

  • monitoring
A
  • renal function
  • rash
  • allergy
  • sx improvement
28
Q

Norfloxacin

  • lifestyle (selfcare)
A
  • its important you stay hydrated. drink plenty of water!
29
Q

Metronidazole

  • drug class
A
  • nitroimidazole anti-infective agent
30
Q

Metronidazole

  • common indications
  • moa
A
  • anaerobic bacterial infections
  • CDAD- clostridioides difficile-associated disease
  • dental infections- acute gingivitis
  • eradications of H.pylori with other drugs
  • works by killing or stopping the growth of bacteria and other organisms causing your infection
31
Q

Metronidazole

  • dose & directions
A

Adult, Oral, 200–400 mg every 8–12 hours, up to 4 g daily

Child- 7.5mg/kg q8h (max 400mg daily)

take with food to reduce stomach upset

32
Q

Metronidazole

  • key counselling points
  • adverse effects
A
  • take with food to reduce stomach upset
  • tablet- swallow whole with water, don’t chew
  • this medicine may make you feel dizzy or confused; avoid driving if you are affected like this
  • avoid drinking alcohol during treatment & for 24 hours after finishing the course to prevent N/V, flushing, headache and palpitations (sometimes occur when taken with alcohol)
  • all medications have side effects but not everyone will experience them
  • this medicine can cause N/V/D, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, metallic taste and headaches
33
Q

Metronidazole

  • referral
A
  • if you develop numbness, tingling, pain or weakness in your hands and feet, stop taking this medicine and tell your dr immediately
34
Q

Metronidazole

  • monitoring
A
  • tx>10days: monitor leucocyte count
    • & neurotoxic effects
  • numbness, tingling, pain or weakness in hands or feet
  • liver function
  • renal function
  • symptom improvement
35
Q

Metronidazole

  • lifestyle (selfcare)
A
  • impt to wash hands well with soap before and after eating or handling food, contact lenses
  • don’t share drink containers or eating utensils
  • stay at home, bed rest when you’re feeling unwell

AC- PPP2 (7 decks)

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