Medicine Types and Brand Names Flashcards by Andre Coding

Q

acetaminophen

A

Mild analgesic

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Q

fentanyl patch

A

Analgesic (strong opioid)

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Q

ibuprofen + codeine

A

Analgesic (strong opioid)

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Q

hydrocodone

A

Analgesic (strong opioid)

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meperidine

A

Analgesic (strong opioid)

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oxycodone

A

Analgesic (strong opioid)

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tramadol

A

Analgesic (strong opioid)

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Q

acetyl-p-aminophenol acetaminophen (APAP)

A

Analgesic (strong opioid)

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Q

oxycodone with APAP (acetyl-p-aminophenol acetaminophen)

A

Analgesic (strong opioid)

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Q

NSAIDs (as a category)

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug

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Q

aspirin

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)

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Q

celecoxib

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)

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Q

diclofenac sodium

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)

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Q

ibuprofen

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)

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Q

ketorolac

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)

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Q

naproxen

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)

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Q

valdecoxib

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)

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Q

ketamine

A

General anaesthetic

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nitrous oxide

A

General anaesthetic

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propofol

A

General anaesthetic

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thiopental

A

General anaesthetic

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lidocaine

A

Local anaesthetic

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Q

What is EMLA?

A

Eutetic Mixture of Local Anaesthetics

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Q

What is EMLA LP?

A

Eutetic Mixture of Local Anaesthetics; Lidocaine-Prilocaine

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lidocaine-prilocaine (LP)

Local anaesthetic

procaine

Local anaesthetic

Fungal antibiotics (as a category)

Antifungals are medicines that kill or stop the growth of fungi that cause infections.

amphotericin B

Fungal antibiotic

clotrimazole

Fungal antibiotic

fluconazole

Fungal antibiotic

itraconazole

Fungal antibiotic

miconazole

Fungal antibiotic

nistatin

Fungal antibiotic

terbafine

Fungal antibiotic

Antituburcular drugs (as a category)

Drugs used for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.

ethambutol

Antituburcular drug

isoniazid [INH]

Antituburcular drug

PASER (abbreviation)

P-Aminosalicylic Acid gRanules

PASER (abbreviation & meaning)

P-Aminosalicylic Acid gRanules (meaning: Antituburcular drug)

rifampin

Antituburcular drug

Cephalosporins (as a category)

Drugs that are bactericidal and similar to penicillins but not penicillin-based.

ceftazidime

Cephalosporin Antibiotic

cefuroxime axetil

Cephalosporin Antibiotic

Macrolides (as a category)

Macrolides are a class of drugs used to manage and treat various bacterial infections. They are bacteriostatic in that they cause stop reproduction in bacteria, rather than being bactericidal in themselves.

azithromycin

Macrolide Antibiotic

clarithromycin

Macrolide Antibiotic

erythromycin

Macrolide Antibiotic

Penicillins (as a category)

An antibiotic or group of antibiotics produced naturally by certain blue moulds, now usually prepared synthetically. Bactericidal.

amoxicillin trihydrate

Penicillin-based antibiotic

amoxicillin with clavulanate

Penicillin-based antibiotic

oxacillin

Penicillin-based antibiotic

Quinolones (as a category)

A group of antibiotics that are bactericidal and wide-spectrum.

ciprofloxacin

Quinolone Antibiotic

levofloxacin

Quinolone Antibiotic

ofloxacin

Quinolone Antibiotic

Sulfonamides / Sulfa Drugs (as a category)

A group of bactericidal synthetic antibiotics that contain the sulfonamide chemical group.

sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim

Sulfonamide antibiotic

Tetracyclines (as a category)

Tetracyclines are a class of bacteriostatic antibiotic used to manage and treat various bacterial infections. Tetracyclines classify as protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics and are considered to be broad-spectrum.

doxycycline

Tetracycline Antibiotic

Antivirals (as a category)

An agent that kills a virus or that suppresses its ability to replicate and, hence, inhibits its capability to multiply and reproduce.

acyclovir

Antiviral Antibiotic

efavirenz + tenofovirt + emtricitabine.

Antiviral Antibiotic (anti-HIV combination drug - all in one tablet)

entecavir.

Antiviral Antibiotic (anti-hepatitis B drug)

indinavir

Antiviral Antibiotic (anti-HIV drug; protease inhibitor)

lamivudine

Antiviral Antibiotic (anti-HIV drug; nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI))

ribavirin

Antiviral Antibiotic

simeprevir

Antiviral Antibiotic

sofosbuvir

Antiviral Antibiotic

Anticoagulants (as a category)

Anticoagulants slow down your body's process of making clots.

Antiplatelets (as a category)

Antiplatelets prevent blood cells called platelets from clumping together to form a clot. Antiplatelets are mainly taken by people who have had a heart attack or stroke.

apixaban

Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner)

clopidigrel

Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner)

dabigatran

Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner)

dalteparin

Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner) - low-molecular-weight Heparin (liver protein - the body's natural blood-thinner)

enoxaparin sodium

Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner)

lepirudin

Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner)

prasugrel

Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner)

rivaroxaban

Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner)

ticagrelor

Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner)

tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)

Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner)

tPA

tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) - Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner)

wafarin

Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug (blood thinner)

Anticonvulsant (as a category)

Anti-seizure medications (anticonvulsants) were originally designed to treat people with epilepsy. But the nerve-calming qualities of some of these medications can also help quiet the burning, stabbing or shooting pain often caused by nerve damage (neuropathy).

carbamazepine

Anticonvulsant

felbamate

Anticonvulsant

gabapentin

Anticonvulsant

levetiracetam

Anticonvulsant

phenytoin sodium

Anticonvulsant

pregabalin

Anticonvulsant

valproic acid

Anticonvulsant

Antidepressants (as a category)

Antidepressants are a type of medicine used to treat clinical depression. They can also be used to treat a number of other conditions, including: obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) generalised anxiety disorder. post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

amitriptyline

Antidepressant

bupropion

Antidepressant

citalopram hydrobromide

Antidepressant

fluoxetine

Antidepressant

paroxetine

Antidepressant

sertraline

Antidepressant

trazodone

Antidepressant

donepezil

Anti-Alzheimer drug

memantine

Anti-Alzheimer drug

Antidiabetics (as a category)

Antidiebetics are used to treat diabetes mellitus, a condition in which either the hormone insulin is not produced, or the body's tissues have developed insensitivity to insulin.

insulin

Rapid-acting Antidiabetic

insulin glulisine

Rapid-acting Antidiabetic

insulin lispro

Rapid-acting Antidiabetic

insulin regulator

Short-acting Antidiabetic

insulin NPH

Intermediate-acting Antidiabetic

insulin detemir

Long-acting Antidiabetic

insulin glargine

Long-acting Antidiabetic

Ultralente

insulin zinc suspension

acarbose

Oral antidiabetic drug

solfonylurea

Oral antidiabetic drug

glyburide

Oral antidiabetic drug

metformin

Oral antidiabetic drug

pioglitazone

Oral antidiabetic drug

repaglinide

Oral antidiabetic drug

rosiglitazone

Oral antidiabetic drug

Antihistamines (as a category)

Antihistamines are medicines often used to relieve symptoms of allergies, such as hay fever, hives, conjunctivitis and reactions to insect bites or stings. They're also sometimes used to prevent motion sickness, to treat nausea or vomiting, and as a short-term treatment for insomnia.

cetirizine

Antihistamine

chlorpheniramine maleate

Antihistamine

diphenhydramine

Antihistamine

fexofenadine

Antihistamine

loratadine

Antihistamine

meclizine

Antihistamine

promethazine

Antihistamine

alendronate (bisphosphonate)

Antiosteoporosis drug

ibandoronate sodium (bisphosphonate)

Antiosteoporosis drug

What is a bisphosphonate?

A drug used to prevent bone loss in osteoporosis patients.

What is a SERM?

Selective oEstrogen Receptor Modulators.

What does a SERM do?

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are hormone therapies that manage how estrogen works in your body. SERMs are effective treatments for some types of breast cancer and osteoporosis.

denosumab

Antiosteoporosis drug; this one is a monoclonal antibody against a protein that signals bone removal.

teriparatide

Antiosteoporosis drug; this one is a hormone that stimulates bone formation.

raloxifene

Selective oEstrogen Receptor Modulator (antiosteroprosis drug).

tamoxifen

Selective oEstrogen Receptor Modulator (antiosteroprosis drug).

What does "ACE" inhibitor stand for?

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.

What are ACE inhibitors?

(ACE) inhibitors are medicines that help relax the veins and arteries to lower blood pressure.

enalapril maleate

ACE Inhibitor

lisinopril

ACE Inhibitor

quinapril

ACE Inhibitor

ramipril

ACE Inhibitor

What is an ARB?

Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker

How does an ARB (Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker) work?

ARBs work by blocking receptors that the hormone acts on, specifically AT1 receptors, which are found in the heart, blood vessels and kidneys. Blocking the action of angiotensin II helps to lower blood pressure and prevent damage to the heart and kidneys.

irbesartan

Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker

losartan

Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker

valsartan

Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker

LCZ696

Also known as "valsartan," LCZ696 is an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker

amiodarone

Antiarrhythmic drug

ibutilide

Antiarrhythmic drug

sotalol

Antiarrhythmic drug

How does a Beta Blocker work?

Beta blockers are medicines that lower blood pressure. They also may be called beta-adrenergic blocking agents. The medicines block the effects of the hormone epinephrine, also known as adrenaline. Beta blockers cause the heart to beat more slowly and with less force.

atenolol

Beta-adrenergic blocking agent (beta blocker)

carvedilol

Beta-adrenergic blocking agent (beta blocker)

metoprolol

Beta-adrenergic blocking agent (beta blocker)

propanolol

Beta-adrenergic blocking agent (beta blocker)

How does a calcium channel blocker work?

Calcium channel blockers are medicines used to lower blood pressure. They stop calcium from entering the cells of the heart and arteries. Calcium causes the heart and arteries to squeeze more strongly. By blocking calcium, calcium channel blockers allow blood vessels to relax and open.

amlodipine

Calcium channel blocker

amlodipine besylate

Calcium channel blocker

Diltiazem

Calcium channel blocker

nifedipine

Calcium channel blocker

How does a cardiac glycoside blocker work?

Cardiac glycosides work by inhibiting cell membranes from pumping sodium out. This increases the amount of sodium that stays in your cells. This allows more calcium to build up in the cells. When your cells release the calcium, it creates stronger heart muscle contractions.

digoxin

Cardiac Glycoside

cholestryamine

Cholesterol-binding drug / Resin

What is the difference between cholesterol-binding and cholesterol-lowering drugs?

Ch-binding drugs (Resins) bind to dietary cholesterol and prevent its uptake from the GI tract. Ch-lowering drugs (statins) lower cholesterol by reducing its production in the liver.

What is a Resin?

Cholesterol binding drug.

What is a Statin?

Cholesterol-lowering drug.

atorvastatin

Cholesterol-lowering drug / Statin

pravastatin

Cholesterol-lowering drug / Statin

rosuvastatin

Cholesterol-lowering drug / Statin

simvastatin

Cholesterol-lowering drug / Statin

What is a diuretic?

*Most* diuretics help the kidneys remove salt and water through the urine. This lowers the amount of fluid flowing through the veins and arteries. As a result, blood pressure goes down.

bumetanide

Diuretic

furosemide

Diuretic

hydrochlorothiazide

Diuretic

spironalactone

Diuretic

triamterene

Diuretic

What is an androgen?

Androgens are the group of male sex hormones that give men their 'male' characteristics (collectively called virilisation). The major sex hormone in men is testosterone, which is produced mainly in the testes and adrenal glands.

fluoxymesterone

Androgen

fluoxymesterone

Androgen

methyltestosterone

Androgen

What is an antiandrogen?

Antiandrogens interfere with the production of androgens OR with their binding in tissues. They can be prescribed for prostate cancer.

abiraterone

Antiandrogen

abiraterone

Antiandrogen

enzalutamide

Antiandrogen

flutamide

Antiandrogen

goserelin

Antiandrogen

leuprolide

Antiandrogen

nilutamide

Antiandrogen

What is an aromatase inhibitor?

Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) lower estrogen levels by stopping an enzyme in fat tissue (called aromatase) from changing other hormones into estrogen. Estrogen can fuel the growth of breast cancer cells. These drugs don't stop the ovaries from making estrogen, however.

anastrozole

Aromatase inhibitor (AI)

exemestane

Aromatase inhibitor (AI)

fulvestrant

Aromatase inhibitor (AI)

letrozole

Aromatase inhibitor (AI)

What are glucocorticoids?

Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones produced from the cortex of adrenal glands. They are prescribed for reduction of inflammation and a wide range of disorders, including arthritis, severe skin, and allergic conditions.

dexamethasone

Glucocorticoid

hydrocortisone

Glucocorticoid

prednisone

Glucocorticoid

triamcinolone

Glucocorticoid

ocretotide

Sandostatin; growth hormone release inhibiting factor drug

teriparatide

Parathroid hormone fragment

What is progestin?

Progestins help other hormones start and stop the menstrual cycle. To help a pregnancy occur during egg donor or infertility procedures in women who do not produce enough progesterone. Also, progesterone is given to help maintain a pregnancy when not enough of it is made by the body.

medroxyprogesterone acetate

Progestin

megestrol

Progestin

caltcitonin

Thyroid hormone

levothryoxine

Thyroid hormone

liothyronine

Thyroid hormone

t______ ISP (t______ immunoreactive substance P)

thyroid ISP (thyroid immunoreactive substance P); Thyroid hormone

aluminium and magnesium tablet

Antacid

magnesium - Milk of Magnesia

magnesium antacid

Rolaids - aluminium

aluminium antacid

diphenoxylate + atropine

Antidiarrhoeal

loperamide

Antidiarrhoeal

metaclopramide

Antinauseant / antiemetic

ondansetron

Antinauseant / antiemetic

promethazine

Antinauseant / antiemetic

prochlorperazine maleate

Antinauseant / antiemetic

What does anti-"TNF" drugs stand for?

Anti-tumour necrosis factor drug.

What do anti-TNF drugs do?

Stop inflammation. They're used to treat diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, plaque psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease. They're also called TNF blockers, biologic therapies, or anti-TNF drugs.

cimetidine

Anti-tumour necrosis factor drug

esomeprazole

Anti-tumour necrosis factor drug

famotidine

Anti-tumour necrosis factor drug

lansoprazole

Anti-tumour necrosis factor drug

omeprazole

Anti-tumour necrosis factor drug

rantidine

Anti-tumour necrosis factor drug

What is a cathartic drug?

A drug that relieves constipation and promotes defecation for diagnostic and operative procedures.

casanthranol + docusate sodium

A drug that relieves constipation and promotes defecation for diagnostic and operative procedures.

albuterol

Bronchodilator

formoterol + budesonide

Bronchodilator

ipratropium + albuterol

Bronchodilator

salmeterol + fluticasone

Bronchodilator

tiotropium bromide

Bronchodilator

What is a leukotriene modifier / antileukotriene?

Leukotriene modifiers, also called leukotriene receptor antagonists or leukotriene synthesis inhibitors, are medications that block the effect of leukotrienes or stop your body from producing them. Leukotrienes also have a powerful effect in bronchoconstriction and increase vascular permeability.

montelukast

Leukotriene modifier / leukotriene receptor antagonist

zafirlukast

Leukotriene modifier / leukotriene receptor antagonist

zileuton

Leukotriene modifier / leukotriene receptor antagonist

Fluticasone

Inhaled steroid

mometasone

Inhaled steroid

methylprednisolone

Intravenous/oral steroid

Dexamethasone

Intravenous/oral steroid

prednisone

Intravenous/oral steroid

caffeine

Stimulant

dextroamphetimine sulfate

Stimulant

dextroamphetamine and amphetamine

Stimulant

lisdexamfetamine

Stimulant

methylphenidate

Stimulant

modafinil

Stimulant

alprazolam

Minor tranquiliser

Buspirone

Minor tranquiliser

diazepam

Minor tranquiliser

lorazepam

Minor tranquiliser

arpiprazole

Major tranquiliser

chlorpromazine

Major tranquiliser

haloperidol

Major tranquiliser

lithium carbonate

Major tranquiliser

olanzapine

Major tranquiliser

risperadone

Major tranquiliser

thiordazine

Major tranquiliser

trifloperazine

Major tranquiliser