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Medicine/Patho/Physio Flashcards

1
Q

Sickle cell anemia Xray findings

A

Hair on end/crew cut on skull
H shaped vertebrae

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2
Q

AutoAb in PSC

A

pANCA

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3
Q

AutoAb in PBC

A

AMA

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4
Q

West syndrome Mx

A

ACTH

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5
Q

DOC for West syndrome + TuberousSclerosis

A

Vigabatrin

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6
Q

Name of scoring for TIA

A

ABCD2

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7
Q

Garden party appearance

A

CML

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8
Q

Aur rods

A

AML

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9
Q

Mutation of which gene and loss of which compliment regulator occur in PNH

A

Pig A gene mutation
CD 55/59 loss

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10
Q

Rx of PNH

A

Eculizumab ( C5 inhibitor)

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11
Q

Heinz body seen in

A

G-6-PD Def.

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12
Q

DOC for TTP

A

Inj. ADAMTS-13

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13
Q

å _ /_ _ of thalassemia known as

A

HbH

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14
Q

_ _ / _ _ of thalassemia known as

A

BART

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15
Q

Mutation in Wilson D/s

A

ATP 7B - Chr 13

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16
Q

Mutation in Menkes D/s

A

ATP 7A

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17
Q

Gardner Sx finding
( 4 c/f )

A

Supernumery teeth
Osteoma
Fibroma
CHRPE

(Asso. With FAP)

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18
Q

Neurofibrillary tangles seen in

A

Alzheimer’s d/s

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19
Q

Amyloid associated with Alzheimer’s

A

Aβ40 and Aβ42

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20
Q

Dawson fingers seen in

A

Multiple sclerosis

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21
Q

Albumino Cytological dissociation seen in

A

GBS

Normal WBC count
Elevated protein

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22
Q

GABA produced from

A

Nucleus Accumbens

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23
Q

What is the main source of Noradrenaline in the brain?

A

Locus Coeruleus

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24
Q

What is Hakim’s triad?

A

Walking difficulty (wobble)
Reduced attention span (wacky)
Urinary frequency or incontinence (wet)

(Wet - wacky - wobble )

Seen in NPH

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25
Q

Factors causing contraction in Peristalsis

A

Substance P
Ach

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26
Q

Factors causing relaxation in Peristalsis

A

NO
VIP

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27
Q

Which cell produce Somatostatin

A

D cell (pancreatic islets)

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28
Q

Which cell produce CCK

A

I cell (andrum, duodenum,jejunum)

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29
Q

Pancreatic HCO3 secretion increased by which substance

A

Secretin

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30
Q

GLP produced from

A

K cells (duodenum, jejunum)

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31
Q

Action of Ghrelin

A

Increase Appetite

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32
Q

Absorption of B12 occur in

A

Ileum

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33
Q

Why Omeprazole and Clopidogrel can’t use simultaneously

A

Both act on CYP2C19

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34
Q

Triple drug therapy for H.Pylori

A

CAP

C- Clarithromycin
A- Amox
P- PPI

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35
Q

Most Alkaline pH in GIT is at

A

Brunners Gland (Duodenum)

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36
Q

Max amount of K secretion in GIT

A

Saliva

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37
Q

MOA of Lopiramide

A

µ Agonist

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38
Q

MOA of Racecodotril

A

Enkephalinase inhibitor
( decrease opioid metabolism)

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39
Q

Melanosis coli seen in

A

Senna ( A/e of Senna use)

Senna used in constipation

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40
Q

MOA of Prucalopride

A

5HT - 4 agonist

(Use - constipation)
4four for “ Thoor”

41
Q

MOA of Ondansetron

A

5HT3 Blocker

(Ondan /Granny)

42
Q

Doc for sea sickness

43
Q

Doc for motion sickness

44
Q

Doc for Morning sickness

A

Doxyllamine + Vit B6

45
Q

DOC in Levodopa induced Vomiting

A

Domperidone

(Dopa for Domperidone)

46
Q

MOA of Metoclopromide

A

D2 Blocker

47
Q

MOA of Domperidone

A

D2 Blocker

48
Q

Doc in Delayed vomiting in Post-chemo

A

Aprepitant

(Chemok appramaa use panrath)

49
Q

MOA of Aprepitant

A

NK1/Substance P inhibitor

50
Q

SAAG more than 1.1g/dL
Ascitic protein more than 2.5g/dL
Indicate!?

A

1.Budd chiarri synd
2.Constrictive pericarditis
3.RCM

51
Q

SAAG more than 1.1g/dL
Ascitic protein less than 2.5g/dL
Indicate!?

52
Q

SAAG less than 1.1g/dL
Indicate

A

1.Nephrotic
2.TB
3.Malignancy
4.Pancreatitis

53
Q

Travellers Diarrhoea is caused by

54
Q

Treatment of Moderate Ascites

A

Furosemide (1st line)
.
If fails
.
Spironolactone/Eplerenone

55
Q

Bloody diarrhoea
H/o poultry and egg ingestion

A

Salmonella

56
Q

Diarrhoea after 6hrs
H/o eating Shellfish

A

V. Paraheamolyticus

57
Q

Which HLA is positive in Celiac disease

58
Q

Which antibody positive in Ulcerative Colitis

59
Q

Which antibody positive in Crohns

60
Q

Mutation asso. With Juvenile polyp

61
Q

Mutation asso with Peutz Jeghar synd.

62
Q

Mutation asso. With Cowden synd.

63
Q

Features of Turcot synd.

A

Medulloblastoma
Glioblastoma Multiforme

(Turcot - turban - head)

64
Q

Mutations in Adenoma -Carcinoma sequence of GIT

A

APC at 5q21
APC - Beta Catenin
K-RAS at 12p21
TP53 at 17p13

65
Q

Features of Hemochromatosis

A

HFE mutation
Prussian blue pearls on H/P
Black liver on MRI
Skin - bronze
RCM
Hook shaped metaCarpals

66
Q

Doc of SBP

A

Cefotaxime

67
Q

Hypoxia only during sleeping
PaO2 Normal during day
Snoring
Day time sleepiness

A

Obstructive sleep apnea

68
Q

Hypoxia only during sleeping
PaO2 Normal during day
Thoraco abd. Msl not moving

A

Central sleep apnea

69
Q

PaCO2 high during Day and night
Obesity
Hypoventilation

A

Pickwickian syndrome

70
Q

Exudative Pleural effusion examples

A

Pneumonia
Viral infection
Malignancy
TB
PE

71
Q

Transudative Pleural effusion examples

A

Nephrotic syndrome
Hypoalbuminemia
CHF
Cirrhosis
PE

72
Q

Types of Respiratory Failure

A

Type 1 - Hypoxemic (PE,P.Edema, Pneumonia,ILD)

Type 2 - Hypercapnic (C-O-P-D)

Type 3 - postOp (Atelectasis)

Type 4 - Shock with Hypoperfusion

73
Q

Batwing sign on CXR seen in

A

Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema

74
Q

goal and limit of TV,RR,platue pressure and fiO2 in ARDS

A

TV < 6ml/kg
FiO2 < 0.6
RR < 35
Platue pressure < 30 cm of H2O

75
Q

Virchows Triad

A
  1. Stasis
  2. Hypercoagulation
  3. Endothelial injury
76
Q

PE scoring

A

Modified Wells scoring

77
Q

In PE Wells score is 5 what will do next

A

CTPA

If score more than 4 do CTPA (ioc)
If less than 4 do D-Dimer
to r/o PE

78
Q

CXR and H/P finding in Pulm Art. HTN

A

Jughandle sign on CXR
Plexiform arteriopathy on Histology

79
Q

CURB-65

A

Confusion
Urea - BUN>19mg or >7mmol
RR > 30
BP < 90/60

80
Q

Kartagener syndrome triad

A

1.Situs inversus
2.chr. sinusitis
3.Brochiectasis

81
Q

IHC of SCC of lung

82
Q

IHC of small cell Ca of lung

A

Synaptophysis
NSE
Chromogranine

83
Q

IHC of AdenoCa lung

A

TTF - 1
Napsin A

84
Q

NTs levels in Huntington disease

A

Dopamine increases

Ach and GABA decreases

85
Q

NTs change in Alzheimer’s

A

Ach decreases

86
Q

Pulvinar sign/Hockey stick 🏒 sign seen in

A

CJD or Prions disease

87
Q

DOC for mild Alzheimer’s

A

Donepezil ( AchE inhibitor)

88
Q

Brain imaging finding in ADEM

A

ADEM (Acute disseminated Encephalomyelitis)

  • Multiple cloud like lesions on brain
89
Q

Ab in Devic’s disease

90
Q

Charcot triade in MS

A

Scanning speech
Intension tremor
Nystagmus

91
Q

T/t of GBS

A

IVIG + Plasmapheresis

( Steroids C/I )

92
Q

Holy cross bun sign on pons

A

Multisystem Atrophy - C

93
Q

Humming bird sign on midbrain image

A

Progressive supranuclear palsy

94
Q

Gestman syndrome
Etiology!?
Features!?

A

Area 39 (angular gyrus) injury

Pt with Agraphia/ Acalculia/ Finger agnosia/ Rt Lt spacial disorientation

95
Q

What artery causes thalamic pain syndrome?

A

Geniculostriate Artery

96
Q

Benzene Exposure will cause

97
Q

Cadmium exposure will cause

A

Prostate cancer

98
Q

Rx of Non Hodgkin lymphoma

A

RCHOP

Rituximab
Cycloph.
HydroxyDanorubicine
Oncovin
Prednisolone

99
Q

Rx of Non Hodgkin lymphoma

A

RCHOP

Rituximab
Cycloph.
HydroxyDanorubicine
Oncovin
Prednisolone

Daily Revision (13 decks)

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