medicine on the western front

Question 1

What did the regimental Aid post provide??

Answer 1

First aid

Question 2

Name the steps in order of the Chain Of Evacuation

Answer 2

Regimental Aid post, Advanced dressing station, Casualty Clearing station and Base hospital.

Question 3

Where was the RAP set up?

Answer 3

A few meters behind the front line in a dug out or shell hole.

Question 4

What were used to carry wounded soldiers from the RAP to the ADS.

Answer 4

Stretcher bearers

Question 5

Where were Advanced dressing stations set up?

Answer 5

In tents ideal 350 meters away from the RAP.

Question 6

How were severely injured men transported from ADS to CCS??

Answer 6

Motor ambulance converts

Question 7

What kind of wards did CCS have??

Answer 7

Surgical and medical wards in wooden huts

Question 8

Which station had nursing staff and mobile x- ray units???

Answer 8

Casualty Clearing Station

Question 9

Men could be tread for up to _____ weeks before being set back to the Front or to a base hospital.

Answer 9

Four

Question 10

How many people were base hospital made to hold??

Answer 10

400 patients

Question 11

What did Base hospitals treat??

Answer 11

The soldiers injuries and alignments ( e.g effects of gas )

Question 12

What were BH close to??

Answer 12

Transport networks

Question 13

Name 4 causes of Machine guns and rifles??

Answer 13

Gunshot wounds, bruises, fractured bones and organ damage.

Question 14

Describe 2 ways shell explosions impacted soldiers.

Answer 14

1. Poisoned by carbon monoxide blasts which collected in air pockets
2. Buried under collapsed buildings and trenches.

Question 15

When was Tear gas first used??

Answer 15

1914

Question 16

What was the aim of Tear gas??

Answer 16

To disable the soldiers, not to kill them.

Question 17

What medical problems did tear gas cause??

Answer 17

Inflammation of the nose, throat and lungs. Also blindness.

Question 18

The first ‘deadly’ gas used on the western front was ……

Answer 18

Chlorine

Question 19

When was Chlorine first used??

Answer 19

April 1915

Question 20

How did Chlorine work?

Answer 20

It slowly suffocated its victims, killing them.

Question 21

When was Phosgene gas first used?

Answer 21

December 1915

Question 22

What were the features of Phosgene??

Answer 22

Mild scent and colourless

Question 23

Phosgene caused suffocation but it could take up to ___ ________ for the symptoms to kick in.

Answer 23

24 hours

Question 24

When was Mustard gas first used??

Answer 24

July 1917

Question 25

What was mustard gas also knows as?

Answer 25

A blistering agent

Question 26

Medical condition related to Mustard gas:

Answer 26

Blindness and Lung infections

Question 27

It ate away at the body from the inside and a death could take up to ……..

Answer 27

Five weeks

Question 28

What made Mustard gas so risky??

Answer 28

It could cling to clothes for hours, putting medical staff in danger too!

Question 29

How did doctors avoid germs getting into wounds?

Answer 29

Wearing surgical gloves, sterilizing their operating theaters and instruments, disinfecting their hands before surgery.

Question 30

Give an example of a Antiseptic?

Answer 30

Carbolic acid

Question 31

Antiseptics were used to kill germs and prevent _______ ___________.

Answer 31

Wound infection

Question 32

When did Wilhelm Roentgen discover X- rays??

Answer 32

1895

Question 33

How did X- ray machines make aseptic surgery more effective ???

Answer 33

It meant the surgeon no longer had to touch the wound, decreasing the risk of infection.

Question 34

What was the Thomas Split??

Answer 34

A splint that was strapped around the broken leg before the casualty was moved.

Question 35

Why was the Thomas splint such an important invention?

Answer 35

It’s decreased the percentage of soldiers who suffered and died from a fractured femur.

Question 36

Who created the Thomas splint?

Answer 36

Robert Jones

Question 37

At the start of the war, 80% of men who suffered from this kind of injury died. Thanks to Robert Jones by 1918 how many soldiers suffered ?

Answer 37

20%

Question 38

What was the syringe – cannula technique?

Answer 38

This technique involved doctors taking blood from a doughnut, using a needle and syringe and transfusing it into their patient quickly.

Question 39

Why was the syringe – canal technique difficult to carry out?

Answer 39

Blood could clot in the syringe

Question 40

In what year was it discovered that adding sodium citrate to blood stop clotting so it could be stored?

Answer 40

1914

Question 41

In 1916 blood was added to a citrate glucose solution so it could be stored on ice for about ………..

Answer 41

10 to 14 days

Question 42

In ______ a US Army doctor called Captain Oswald Robertson argued that it would be better to _______ _____ ______ __ ___ ________.

Answer 42

1917, collect blood before it was needed.

Question 43

What did Robertson’s argument lead to?

Answer 43

The first blood bank was set up in preparation for the battle of Cambrai.

Question 44

When was the battle of Cambrai ???

Answer 44

1917