medicine factor: communication

Question 1

medieval - medicine

Answer 1

Rhazes:
-head doctor in Baghdad hospital
-wrote “El Hawi” and 200 further medical works about diseases, gained through observation
Avicenna:
-wrote “Canon of Medicine” a combination of his own ideas combined with Galen and Hippocrates
-his work translated into latin and was used widely in the west
-“Canon of Medicine” used as a medical textbook well into the 17th century

Question 2

medieval - surgery

Answer 2

John Arderne:
-wrote “a practice for surgery” in 1350 which challenged Galen and Hippocrates
Theodoric of Lucca
-wrote surgical books such as “Cyrurgia” high challenged Galen

Question 3

early modern - medicine

Answer 3

Edward Jenner:

• in 1798 he wrote “an inquiry into the causes and effects of Various vaccine, or cow-pox”
• given £10,000 in 1802 by government to continue his research
• other diseases almost wiped out thanks to vaccines e.g. Polio, Measles

Question 4

early modern - surgery

Answer 4

Vesalius:

• challenged Galen by actually directing humans and observing
• published “DE Humani Corporis Fabrica” which explained systems in the body
• knowledge used in European medical schools

Question 5

19th century - medicine

Answer 5

Edwin Chadwick:

• as a secretary for the Poor Law Commission he explored the link between ill health and poverty
• 1842, wrote the “report on the sanitary conditions of the labouring population”
• helped set up the “clean party” which helped pass the public health act of 1848

Question 6

19th century - surgery

Answer 6

Joseph Lister:
-he read the workings of Louis Pasteur which lead to his discovery of using carbolic acid to stop infections during surgery

Question 7

20th century - medicine

Answer 7

Florey and Chain:

• read Flemings work and turned their lab into a penicillin producing factory
• experimented on policeman who had an infection, was working until they ran out of penicillin and the policeman died of the infection
• US government paid drug companies to produce vast amounts of penicillin during ww2 and 250,000 soldiers were treated, 15% would have died without it
• after the war the “wonder drug” was used to treat many other issues.