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History: Dates and Numbers > Medicine > Flashcards

Medicine Flashcards

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1
Q

Number of hospitals set up between 1000 and 1500

A

Over 700

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2
Q

Number of drugs listed in Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine

A

760

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3
Q

Number of books written by Rhazes (who famously wrote Doubts about Galen)

A

Over 150

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4
Q

Abulcasis writes Al Tasrif

A

1000

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5
Q

Number of volumes in Abulcasis’ Al Tasrif

A

30

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6
Q

Black Death arrives in England

A

1348

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7
Q

Fraction of EUROPE that died from Black Death

A

nearly 1/2

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8
Q

Number of Brits killed by Black Death between 1348 and 1350

A

1.5 million

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9
Q

Invention of printing press

A

1440

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10
Q

Great Plague

A

1665

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11
Q

Number who died from Great Plague in London

A

about 100,000

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12
Q

Quarnatine laws to prevent epidemic diseases coming into the country on ships

A

1666

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13
Q

Guy’s hopsital is built

A

1724

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14
Q

Number of general hospitals built in london betwen 1720 and 1750

A

5

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15
Q

Number of patients in London hospitals a year by 1800

A

20,000

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16
Q

Edinburgh Hospital adds a pharmacy which gives the poor free medicine

A

1776

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17
Q

London’s Lock Hospital for venereal disease (STDs) is set up

A

1746

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18
Q

British Hospital for Mothers and Babies is set up

A

1749

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19
Q

John Hunter appointed Surgeon to King George III

A

1776

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20
Q

John Hunter was appointed Surgeon to which King George?

A

King George III

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21
Q

John Hunter writes ‘On Venereal Disease’

A

1786

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22
Q

John Hunter writes ‘Blood inflammation and gunshot wounds’

A

1794

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23
Q

John Hunter experiments on himself with gonorrhoea germs

A

1767

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24
Q

Number of anatomical specimens collected by John Hunter

A

3000

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25
Q

Smallpox mortality rate

A

30%

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26
Q

£amount given by government to Jenner for his research

A

£10,000

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27
Q

Government gives Jenner £10,000 grant for vaccination research

A

1802

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28
Q

Vaccination is made compulsory by British Government

A

1853

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29
Q

Jenner publishes vaccination research

A

1798

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30
Q

Age of James Phipps when he was given cowpox

A

8

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31
Q

Jenner gives cowpox to James Phipps

A

1796

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32
Q

Horace Wells uses Nitrous Oxide to remove teeth

A

1844

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33
Q

James Simpson discovers Chloroform

A

1847

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34
Q

Hannah Greener dies from Chloroform overdose

A

1848

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35
Q

Crimean War

A

1853-1856

36
Q

Queen Victoria uses anesthetics for childbirth, making it more acceptable and fashionable

A

1853

37
Q

Louis Pasteur publishes Germ Theory

A

1861

38
Q

Number of cases Lister mentions in his report on carbolic acid

A

11

39
Q

Lister publishes the results of using carbolic acid

A

1867

40
Q

Lister’s carbolic acid meant deaths during surgery dropped from ?% to ?%

A

45% ot 15%

41
Q

Decade by which British doctors had accepted germ theory

A

1880s

42
Q

Koch identifies cholera germs

A

1884

43
Q

Koch identifies microbe responsible for anthrax

A

1876

44
Q

Koch identifies microbe responsible for tuberculosis

A

1882

45
Q

William Cheyne translates Koch’s work, and highlights that not all microbes are harmful

A

1879

46
Q

Franco-Prussian war ends

A

1871

47
Q

Pasteur tests his rabies vaccine on humans

A

1885

48
Q

Pasteur accidentally showed that attenuated chicken cholera germs gave chickens immunity from later bouts of cholera - showing vaccines could prevent disease

A

1879

49
Q

Paul Ehrlich develops a “Magic Bullet” called Salvarsan 606 to treat syphilis

A

1909

50
Q

How many compounds did Ehrlich try before finding one that worked

A

606

51
Q

Chadwick’s report

A

1842

52
Q

Cholera outbreaks in what years led the government to set up an inquiry into public health

A

1837 and 1838

53
Q

Number of copies of Chadwick’s report sold to public

A

20,000

54
Q

Number killed in 1848 cholera epidemic

A

60,000

55
Q

First Public Health Act

A

1848

56
Q

Number of towns who had set up a local board of health by 1853

A

103

57
Q

Central Board of Health is closed down because government interference is resented

A

1854

58
Q

Great Stink

A

1858

59
Q

Joseph Bazalgette completes sewers

A

1866

60
Q

Length of Bazalgette’s sewage system

A

83 miles

61
Q

Second Reform Act - gives one million working class men the vote

A

1867

62
Q

Second Public Health Act

A

1875

63
Q

Second magic bullet for a disease wasn’t found until…

A

1935

64
Q

Fleming discovers penicillin

A

1928

65
Q

Number of mice Florey and Chain tested on

A

8

66
Q

Number of soldiers being given penicillin by end of WW2

A

200,000

67
Q

Penicillin begins to be mass produced by USA

A

1943

68
Q

% of wounded allied soldiers who would have died without penicillin

A

15%

69
Q

How much is the pharmaceutical industry worth today?

A

£200 billion to £300 billion

70
Q

Crick and Watson map out DNA structure

> leads to gene therapy and genetic engineering

A

1953

71
Q

Free vaccines in UK for TB, polio, measles and rubella etc

A

Between 1946 and 1969

72
Q

Thalidomide is developed

A

1957

73
Q

Cyclosporine is developed (immunosuppressant that stops bodies rejecting transplanted organs)

A

1970

74
Q

MRSA is first reported

A

1961

75
Q

X-Rays discovered

A

1895

76
Q

Charles Booth found that ?% of Londoners were living in poverty despite having a job in what year

A

30% in 1889

77
Q

Liberal Party wins general election

A

1906

78
Q

Free school meals

A

1906

79
Q

Old age pensions (Liberal Reforms)

A

1908

80
Q

Britains first job centres (Liberal Reforms)

A

1909

81
Q

National Insurance Act (unemployment benefit, free medical treatment, and sick pay)

A

1911

82
Q

Smallpox is eradicated worldwide

A

1980

83
Q

Beveridge Report

A

1942

84
Q

Number of copies of Beveridge report sold in first month

A

100,000

85
Q

NHS introduced

A

1948

86
Q

NHS budget 2015-16

A

£116 billion

87
Q

Microscope is invented

A

17th Century

History: Dates and Numbers (5 decks)

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