MEDICINE

Question 1

Robert Grossetestes

Answer 1

• european

- researched on optics which lead to glasses

Question 2

John of Arderne

Answer 2

• european
• very successful at removing growths from the anus
• discovered painkilling ointment Madde from hemlock, opium and henbane (stopped ti need for cauterisation for deep wounds)
• wrote “the practice of surgery” in 1350, which urged doctors to trust their judgement and not to follow Galen
• charged the rich, not the poor

Question 3

Al Zahrawi

Answer 3

• islamic
• wrote a 30 volume medical encyclopaedia
• father of surgery
• cat gut used for sticking wounds
• designed tools
• wrote about cauterisation, stitching, blood letting, bone setting and also amputation

Question 4

Avicenna

Answer 4

• islamic
• wrote a book called “cannon of medicine”
• advised surgeons to treat cancer ASAP
• discovered the surgical use of oral anaesthetics

Question 5

Andreas Vesalius

Answer 5

• wrote “de humani corpois fabrina” in 1543 (regarded as the most influential books on anatomy)
• book is about/presents an examination of the body organs and a complete structure of the human body

Question 6

Ambrose Pare

Answer 6

• discovered a method to stop bleeding after amputaron (instead of cauterisation)
• tying off an artery then bandaging the wound to stop infection
• wrote a book

Question 7

William Harvey

Answer 7

• he learnt that blood was always reproduced when you lost some (counteracts Galen)
• also learnt about how blood flowed
• wrote “de moto cortis”

Question 8

the great plague

Answer 8

• 1665
• same as the black death
• more prevention strategies
  = the plague doctor
  = locked in houses

Question 9

Quackery

Answer 9

• dishonest practice
• claimed to have cures to diseases and special knowledge
• opium and alcohol was used

Question 10

Edward Jenna

Answer 10

• vaccination for small pox

- government awarded him £10000 to carry on working in 1802