Medications for UTIs Flashcards
What is the therapeutic outcome of sulfonamides?
bacteriostatic by inhibiting synthesis of folic acid
Patients with megaloblastic anemia should avoid taking this!
What are some adverse effects of sulfonamides?
hypersensitivity & rashes (stephen-Johnson syndrome)
blood dyscrasias (anemia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)
crystalluria (nephrotoxic)
photosensitivity
kernicterus (jaundice, elevated bilirubin) in infants
What are some nursing considerations for sulfonamides?
Monitor for rash & hypersensitivity, stop at first sign, and report (stephen-johnson syndrome)
cross sensitivity with loop and thiazide diuretics (patients allergic to these may have an allergic reaction to sulfonamides)
monitor for signs of bleeding and infection (blood dyscrasias)
instruct the client to drink 2-3L water per day (crystalluria)
protect skin from sunlight (photosensitivity)
Pregnancy category D
dont administer to infants, 3rd trimester, breastfeeding (kernicterus)
When are sulfonamides contraindicated because of their therapeutic action?
megaloblastic anemia (folic acid deficiency)
What are some patient teaching points for sulfonamides?
the usual antibiotic teachings!!!
drink lots of fluid
dont take if folic acid deficient
avoid the sun
report signs of infection
monitor for signs of bleeding
take on empty stomach with full glass of water (increases absorption)
What is the therapeutic action of urinary track antiseptics?
bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal action
BROAD SPECTRUM (suprainfection risk)
What are some adverse effects of urinary tract antiseptics?
hypersensitivity reactions (mainly respiratory)
blood dyscrasias (anemia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)
peripheral neuropathy (numbness tingling and muscle weakness)
GI
urine discoloration (harmless)
What are some nursing considerations for urinary tract antiseptics?
monitor and report hypersensitivity reactions (respiratory particularly)
monitor and report bleeding and signs of infection, monitor CBC WBC (blood dyscrasias)
monitor and report any numbness, tingling, or weakness
take with meals to help GI symptoms
urine discoloration is harmless
What is the therapeutic action of fluoroquinolones?
bacteriocidal by inhibiting DNA replication
BROAD SPECTRUM (SUPRAINFECTION RISK)
used for urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and GI infections
What are some adverse effects of fluoroquinolones?
black box warning!!! - increased risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture (achilles tendon)
suprainfections - oral, vaginal, GI
phototoxicity - severe sunburns
What are some nursing considerations for fluoroquinolones?
AVOID USE IN CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS OF AGE - (tendonitis and tendon rupture)
monitor for signs of infections
avoid the sun!
What are some patient teaching points for fluoroquinolones?
the usual teaching for antibiotics
also report any tendon pain or weakness (tendonitis)
What is the therapeutic action of urinary tract analgesics?
azo dye that functions as a local anesthetic on the urinary tract mucosa; relieving burning and pain with urination
What patients should avoid taking urinary tract analgesics?
patients with renal disease (interacts with renal tissue)
What are some patient teaching points for urinary tract analgesics?
changes urine color to orange/red - harmless
urine may stain clothes
take with meals to prevent GI discomfort
