Medications Flashcards
1
Q
4 main categories of medication
A
- Analgesics
- Sedatives + Paralytics
- Vasopressors and inotropes
- Anticoagulants
2
Q
3 sources of sub-optimal pain management
A
- inadequate
- Excessive
- not on schedule
3
Q
Effect of sup-optimal pain management
A
- Delayed mobilization
- inability to wean from ventilator
- Poor respiratory state
- +/- use of reversal drugs
- Delirium
Leading to prolonged stay in ICU
4
Q
4 ways to optimize analgesia
A
- Follow an interdisceplinary, structured approach to analgesia
- Use a patient-specific validated pain scale
- address underlying source of pain
- Minimiza and be aware of adverse effects
5
Q
Facial signs of underlying pain
A
- Brow lower
- Lid tighten
- Eye closure
- Cheek raise
- nose wrinkle
6
Q
Facial signs of transient pain
A
- Brow lower
- Lid tighten
- Eye closure
- Cheek raise
- nose wrinkle
- lip raise
- mouth open
Jaw drop
7
Q
3 pain assessment tools
A
- Behavioral pain scale
- Critical care pain observation tool
- Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale
8
Q
What is the difference between analgesia and anesthetic
A
Analgesia - pain relief
Anesthetic - blocking sensation including pain
9
Q
What are types of analgesia
A
Opiates
NSAIDS
10
Q
What are types are anesthetic
A
General anesthetic
Nerve blocks
Numbing agents
11
Q
What are 3 levels of the nervous system analgesias can effect
A
- CNS (brain)
- Spinal level
- Peripheral nerve root
12
Q
At what level does acetaminophen work?
A
CNS (brain)
13
Q
At what level do NSAIDS work
A
Peripheral nerve root
14
Q
At what level do opioids work
A
- CNS (brain)
- Spinal level
15
Q
How do opioids work
A
- bind to opioid receptors (brain, spinal cord, other organs) and block pain signals sent from brain to the body and release large amounts of dopamine
