ECMO Flashcards

1
Q

What is ECMO

A

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenetion
- Provides prolonged cardiac and respiratory support to persons whose heart and lungs are unable to provided an adequate amount of gas exchange or perfusion to sustain life

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2
Q

Difference between ECMO, ECLS, and ELSO

A
ECMO = actual device 
ECLS  = Extracorporeal life support (put on ECLS vis ECMO) 
ELSO = Extracorporeal life support organization - VGH is a hospital that ELSO to patients on ECMO
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3
Q

What is ECMO categorized by? What are the 2 types

A

According to the circuit used
Veno-Venous
Veno-arterial

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4
Q

How does Veno-venous ECMO work? Does it support lung or heart function?

A

Venous blood is extracted and returned through the venous side of patients circulation. Supports lung function

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5
Q

How does Veno-arterial ECMO work? Does it support lung or heart function?

A

Blood is extracted and returned to the arterial side of the patients circulation. Supports lung and heart function (even if they only need cardiac)

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6
Q

What are 3 patient types on ECMO

A
  1. bridge to transplant
  2. Bridge to recover
  3. Bridge to decision
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7
Q

What are the 2 types of Cannula

A

Single Lumen

Bi-caval (Avalon)

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8
Q

What does single lumen require

A

Femoral access - limits mobility

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9
Q

Do you have more flow in a single or bicaval lumen?

A

Single - People who are really sick will need this

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10
Q

Avalon is only used for

A

Veno-venous support

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11
Q

is blood 100% saturated with oxygen in VV ECMO?Why?

A

no - blood enters body and gets pumped to lungs where it is mixed with deoxygenated- ends up being 80% saturated

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12
Q

With what type of ECMO is there risk of cardiac arrest? why?

A

VA

Pushing it retrograde all the way to aorta

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13
Q

What are important logistical considerations for mobilizing with ECMO

A
  • Have a clear goal of the therapy session
  • Check the fixations of the cannulas, check for clots in the circuit
  • Have complete visual of circuit
  • Set up room, position the ECMO cart/vent where you need them
  • inform the patient
  • Adequate staffing and clear roles: RT, RN, perfusion, PT
  • Contingency plan
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14
Q

When should you start mobilizing on ECMO

A

Earlier the better (greater weakness with prolonged bed rest) following screening and troubleshooting

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