Medications Flashcards
What affects does trimethoprim have on the kidney
Pseudo AKI
inhibits proximal renal tubular creatinine secretion leading to increase in serum creatinine (no affect on GFR)
What part of the kidney do thiazides act? What do they do? What are the side effects?
Distal tubule
Inhibits Na secretion therefore increasing Ca re-absorbtion
Hypokalemia and diabetes (insulin secretion impairment)
What affect does aminoglycosides have on kidney?
Proximal tubule injury and vasoconstriction
Can impact re-absorption
Advised to given in single daily dosing vs. TID (saturation phenomenon)
How does cisplatin work and what are side effects?
- Inhibits DNA replication through intra-strand cross links
2. Nephrotoxicity, immunosuppression, thrombocytopenia, ototoxicity
How doe Paclitaxel work and what are side effects?
- Intereferes with assembly of microtubules
2. Myelosuppression, peripheral neuropathy
How doe Gemcitabine work and what are side effects?
- Inhibits DNA synthesis
2. Myelosuppression, nausea/vomiting, transaminitis
Atezolizumab, Durvalumab, and Avelumab are all examples of what type of drug
PDL-1 inhibitors
Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab are all examples of what type of drug?
PD-1 inhibitors
What are some common side effects of check point inhibitors?
colitis, endocrinopathies, nephritis, liver toxicity, skin rash or pruritis, and pneumonitis
What are some side effects of carboplatin?
Myelosuppression and electrolyte abnormalities
What are some side effects of methotrexate?
Cardiovascular, CNS, transaminitis, myelosuppression
What are some side effects of Vinblastine?
HTN, Ostealgia, jaw necrosis myelosuppresion
What are some side effects of adriamycin?
Cardiac, myelosuppression
When is Finasteride indicated?
LUTS + Enlarged prostate (> 40g)
When is it safe to resume flomax after cataract surgery ?
2 weeks
how does vitamin C cause stones?
hyperuxaluria
Which PDE5i is less likely to results in blurred vision?
Tadalafil
Which PDE5i has the shortest onset?
avanafil
What are the contraindications to cisplatin?
Renal insufficiency (GFR < 60) Peripheral neuropathy Hearing loss poor performance status heart failure (New York Heart Association class 3 or
Which drugs increase bleeding risk of Warfarin?
Aminoglycosides Allopurinol Aminosalicylic Acid Chloramphenicol Cimetidine Ethacrynic Acid Fluoroquinolone Indomethacin Isoniazid Metronidazole Miconazole Nalidixic Acid Oxyphenbutazone Sulfonadmides teteracycline Trimethroprim
What medications are metabolized through Cytochrome P450 (liver0?
PDE5i
Warfarin
What are some inhibitors of the Cytochrome P450 pathway?
Azole antifungals
Protease inhibitors
macrolides
MOA of anticholinergic and contraindications
Prevent binding of acetylcholine to prevent muscle contraction
Contraindications: narrow angle glaucoma
