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PCP 2024 > Medications > Flashcards

Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Adult dose for Salbutamol

A

5mg Nebulized, repeat as needed

4x100mcg via MDI, repeat as needed

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2
Q

Pediatric dose for Salbutamol

A

Nebulized:
<1yr: 2.5mg
>1yr: 5mg

MDI:
<10kg: not indicated
10-20kg: 5x100mcg, may repeat 3 times
>20kg: 10x100mcg, may repeat 3 times

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3
Q

Indication for Salbutamol

A

Bronchospasm in asthma and COPD

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4
Q

Contraindications for Salbutamol

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Hemodynamically significant tachycardia
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5
Q

Indications for EPINEPHrine

A
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Severe Bronchospasm
  • Stridor (secondary to croup or other infectious cause)
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6
Q

Contraindications for EPINEPHrine

A

NONE

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7
Q

Adult dose for EPINEPHrine

A

0.5mg IM every 5-20 minutes

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8
Q

Pediatric dose for EPINEPHrine

A

0.01mg/kg to a max of 0.5mg, may repeat 3 times

5mg nebulized for stridor secondary to croup

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9
Q

Indications for Entonox (Nitrous Oxide)

A

Moderate to severe pain

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10
Q

Contraindications for Entonox (Nitrous Oxide)

A

Pneumothorax
Air Embolism
Inhalation Injury
Nitro within the last 5 minutes

Decompression Sickness
Bollus Emphysema
Ability to comply
Gross Abdominal Distension

mnemonic PAIN DBAG

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11
Q

Adult and Pediatric dosage for Entonox (Nitrous Oxide)

A

Self administered (note PSI before and after usage to get exact amount used)

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12
Q

Indications for Acetaminophen

A

Mild to moderate pain

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13
Q

Contraindications for Acetaminophen

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Severe alcoholic hepatitis or liver dysfunction with active alcohol consumption
  • Acute liver injury
  • Acetaminophen-induced liver disease
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14
Q

Adult dose for Acetaminophen

A

500-1000mg PO, may repeat once every 4 hours

24hr max: 3g (3000mg)

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15
Q

Pediatric dose for Acetaminophen

A

< 30kg: 15mg/kg PO (use liquid preparation)
30-50kg: 500mg PO (may use liquid or PO tablets)
>50kg: 500-1000mg PO

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16
Q

Indications for Ibuprofen

A

Mild to moderate pain

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17
Q

Contraindications for Ibuprofen

A
  • Allergy
  • Acute bleeds (GI bleed or peptic ulcer)
  • Pregnancy (first, second or third trimester)
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18
Q

Adult dose for Ibuprofen

A

300-400mg PO, may repeat every 4 hours
24hr max: 1200mg

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19
Q

Pediatric dose for Ibuprofen

A

10mg/kg, may repeat once every 6 hours

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20
Q

Indications for Aspirin (ASA)

A

Chest pain or signs and symptoms consistent with cardiac ischemia

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21
Q

Contraindications for Aspirin (ASA)

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Asthma induced by ASA or NSAIDS
  • Active or recent bleeding of any kind, including head injury or peptic ulcer disease
  • Pediatric with viral like symptoms
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22
Q

Adult dose for Aspirin (ASA)

A

2x 81mg PO to a max of 162mg
May be given an 81mg top up if only taken 1 ASA tablet prior to EHS arrival within 4 hours

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23
Q

Indications for Dextrose (D10W)

A

Suspected or known hypoglycemia

24
Q

Contraindications for Dextrose (D10W)

25
Q

Adult dose for Dextrose (D10W)

A

10-25g IV (equivalent to 100-250mL of D10W solution)

26
Q

Pediatric dose for Dextrose (D10W)

27
Q

Indications for Gravol (dimenhyDRINATE)

A
  • Prevention or control of nausea induced by motion sickness
  • Relief of moderate to severe nausea and vomiting
28
Q

Contraindications for Gravol (dimenHYDRINATE)

A

Hypersensitivity to Gravol (dimenhyDRINATE), Benadryl (dimenhyDRAMINE) or caffeine derivatives.

29
Q

Adult dose for Gravol (dimenhyDRINATE)

A

20-50mg IV/IM
12.5mg IV/IM for elderly or frail patients

IV push diluted with 9-9.5mL saline and pushed over 2 min

30
Q

Pediatric dose for Gravol (dimenhyDRINATE)

A

1.25mg/kg IV/IM, max single dose of 25mg

31
Q

Indications for Glucagon

A

Suspected or confirmed hypoglycemia where IV access is unavailable

32
Q

Contraindications for Glucagon

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Pheochromocytoma (tumour on the adrenal glands)
33
Q

Adult dose for Glucagon

34
Q

Pediatric dose for Glucagon

A

<25kg: 0.5mg IM
>25kg: 1mg IM

35
Q

Indications for Glucose Gel

A

Suspected or confirmed hypoglycemia in a conscious patient where there is no risk of aspiration or choking

36
Q

Contraindications for Glucose Gel

37
Q

Adult dose for Glucose Gel

A

15g PO into the buccal pouch, repeat at 5 minutes, no limit

38
Q

Pediatric dose for Glucose Gel

A

15g PO into the buccal pouch, repeat at 5 minutes, 30g max

39
Q

Indications for Narcan (Naloxone)

A

Suspected narcotic overdose

40
Q

Contraindications for Narcan (Naloxone)

A
  • Known hypersensitivity
  • Neonate
41
Q

Adult dose for Narcan (Naloxone)

A

0.4mg IV/IM
0.4mg IV/IM if required
0.8mg IV/IM if required
2.0mg IV/IM if required

repeat every 3 minutes

42
Q

Pediatric dose for Narcan (Naloxone)

A

0.1mg/kg (to a max of 2.0mg per dose)

repeat every 3 times, maximum of 4 doses

43
Q

Indications for Nitroglycerin

A

Relief from chest pain suggestive of ACS (acute coronary syndrome)

44
Q

Contraindications for Nitroglycerin

A

HR <50 or >150
ED drugs; Viagra / Levitra <24hrs, Cialis <48hrs
Allergy
Prescription (call Clinical if no prescription)
Pericarditis
Pericardial tamponade
Systolic BP <90mmHg

mnemonic HEAPPPS

45
Q

Adult dose for Nitroglycerin

A

0.4mg SL every 3-5 minutes (max 3 sprays)

46
Q

Indications for Tranexamic Acid (TXA)

A

Signs of shock or hypoperfusion in association with an injury suggestive of occult our ongoing hemorrhage
OR
Signs of shock or hypoperfusion in maternal vaginal bleeding >20 weeks or postpartum hemorrhage

47
Q

Contraindications for Tranexamic Acid (TXA)

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • GI bleed
  • > 3 hours since time of injury
  • Age <12 years old
48
Q

Adult dose for Tranexamic Acid (TXA)

A

2g IV push over 1 minute

49
Q

Indications for Normal Saline

A

Bolus: Systolic BP <90mmHg
TKVO: Soft pressure / looks dehydrated despite systolic BP >90mmHg

50
Q

Contraindications for Normal Saline

A

Suspected or confirmed fluid overload

51
Q

Adult dose for Normal Saline

A

Bolus: 500mL, may repeat to max of 2L
TKVO, 1 drop every 5-6 seconds

52
Q

Pediatric dose for Normal Saline

A

Bolus: 500mL, may repeat to max of 2L
TKVO, 1 drop every 5-6 seconds

53
Q

6 Rights of medication delivery

A

Time
Route
Amount
Medication
Patient
Documentation

mnemonic TRAMPD

54
Q

Equation for determining a pediatrics weight in kg

A

Age x 2 + 8

55
Q

What is WHIPS

A

Worst Ever
Hospitalizations
Intubations
Puffers
Steroids

PCP 2024 (6 decks)

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