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NSG 2321 - Theory Exam 2 > Medications > Flashcards

Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, nursing considerations)

A

Urozide
Thiazide diuretic

Treatment of edema
Does not spare potassium

Need to watch for orthostatic hypertension, fluid rebound, maintenance, of hydration & electrolytes. daily weights

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2
Q

Furosemide (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, nursing considerations)

A

Lasix
Loop diuretic

Treatment of edema
Dumps water, potassium, and sodium

Pt must have a high potassium diet, watch for orthostatic hypertension, fluid rebound, maintenance, of hydration & electrolytes. daily weights

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3
Q

Spironolactone (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, nursing considerations)

A

Aldactone
Potassium sparing diuretic

Treatment for reduced BP and HF
Dumps a lot of water, but not potassium

Pt must be on a low potassium diet, watch for orthostatic hypertension, fluid rebound, maintenance, of hydration & electrolytes. daily weights

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4
Q

Atorvastatin (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Lipitor
CoA reductase inhibitor

Lowers LDLs and increases HDLs
Useful in treatment of PAD/PVD

Should be taken at night/bed time

Sudden, unexplained muscle pain - rhabdomyolysis

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5
Q

Nitroglycerin (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Nitro-Dur
Nitrates

Dilates all vessels, increases coronary blood flow, treats angina

Sublingual route - may produce a rapid, severe headache

Caution with getting up after administration, should be administered on and off for 12 hour rotations

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6
Q

Captopril (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Capoten
ACE inhibitor

Vasodilates and is used as an antihypertensive

Can produce coughing because the med is cycled through the lungs - many pt get annoyed with this symptom and often want to discontinue the med

Always take BP & HR prior to administration to avoid bottoming the BP, pt should always get up slowly

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7
Q

Losartan (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Cozar
ARB, antihypertensive

No adverse effects

Always take BP & HR prior to administration to avoid bottoming the BP, pt should always get up slowly

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8
Q

Diltiazem (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Cardizem
Calcium channel blocker

Hypertension, angina

Always take BP & HR prior to administration to avoid bottoming the BP, always get up slowly

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9
Q

Metoprolol (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Lopressor
Beta blocker

Hypertension, angina, MI prevention

Always take BP & HR before administration to avoid bottoming out BP, always get up slowly

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10
Q

Warfarin sodium (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Coumadin
Anticoagulant

prophylaxis and treatment of venous thrombosis

Can administer a vitamin K shot if blood work (INR) comes back too low (worried about bleeding from IM injection)

Need to be in a therapeutic range to receive this drug - blood work must be drawn prior to admin

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11
Q

Tinzaparin (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Innohep
Anti-coagulant

Prevention of LVT

Worried about bleeding and injury while on this drug

Blood work must be completed (PT/PPT) to check for different points in the coagulation cascade

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12
Q

Acetylsalicylic acid (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Aspirin
Anti-platelet

GI bleeding, PUD

Should not be taken with other NSAIDs

Should continuously assess the BMs through FIT test, pt should be on 8mg for anti-platelet therapy

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13
Q

Clopidogel (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Plavix
Anti-platelet

MI, PAD

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14
Q

Acetaminophen (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Tylenol
Non-opioid analgesic, anti-pyretic

Treatment of mild to moderate pain

Liver failure/hepatoxicity at doses greater than 4000mg

Must be accompanied by complementary therapies

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15
Q

What is the antidote administered for acetaminophen toxicity to prevent liver damage?

A

Acetylcysteline

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16
Q

What would be administered to a patient with critically low INR prior to warfarin sodium admin?

A

Vitamin K

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17
Q

Ibuprofen (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Advil
NSAID

GI bleeding

Safer than Aspirin, must be accompanied by complementary therapies

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18
Q

Morphine sulphate (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Morphine
Opioid agonist

Moderate to severe pain management

Decreased respirations, addictive qualities

Naloxone is the antidote, Always assess respirations first (greater than 8), have crash cart close, oxygen available

19
Q

What is the antidote for morphine?

A

naloxone

20
Q

What must be available and assessed prior to morphine admin?

A

Respirations (>8), oxygen, naloxone, and crash cart

21
Q

Naloxone (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Narcan
Opioid antagonist

Administered if too much morphine or other narcotics are taken

22
Q

Dimenhydrinate (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Gravol
Anti-emetic

Nausea and vomiting management/prevention

Given to pt as an aid for morphine side effects

23
Q

What med would be administered for morphine side effects?

A

Gravol

24
Q

Ondansetron (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Zofran
5-HT3 receptor antagonist

Nausea and vomiting, chemotherapy effects

Should be given sub-lingual

25
Q

Gabapentin (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Neurotin
Adjuvant pain therapy

Treatment of complex pain and neuropathic pain

26
Q

Lidocaine (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Xylocaine
Anaesthetic

27
Q

What medication is often joined with epinephrine to create a faster effect to circulation?

A

Lidocaine

28
Q

Cannabis (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

THC/CBD
Chronic pain, appetite, seizure control

Must know how much the pt is taking, requires an order to administer

29
Q

TENS (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
Neurogenic pain

Electrodes cannot be placed on the head or carotids

30
Q

Midazolam (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Versed
Short-acting benzo

CNS depression for sedation - may be used as a continuous drip for palliative sedation

31
Q

When would it be appropriate to administer morphine sulphate when respirations are below 8?

A

Palliative patients due to the double effect

32
Q

Scopolamine (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Hyocine
Anti-cholinergic

Reduces secretions - may assist in wet cough at end of life care

33
Q

Magnesium & aluminum hydroxide (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Diovol
Antacid

Treatment for PUD or GERD

Will increase the pt’s risk of infection

Should be taken prior to eating to assist in increasing pH, this med is a SHORT-TERM approach

34
Q

Between pantoprazole and Diovol, which is short term and long term treatment?

A

Diovol - short term

Panto - long term

35
Q

Pantoprazole (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Pantaloc
Proton pump inhibitor

Binds to H+ to inhibit it from forming acids

C-DIFF is high risk with this medication, due to inhibited gastric pH

Take prior to eating to increase pH of the stomach, long-term approach

36
Q

Sucralfate (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Sulcrate
ulcer protection

coats the ulcer with a protective coating

Alters digestion and absorption

Requires strict adherence and is a short-term approach

37
Q

Sulphasalazine

A

Azulfidine
NSAID

Anti-inflammatory for IBD

GI bleeding

Suppository or enema is best to get to the lower GI quickly

38
Q

Hydrocortisone (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Cortef
Corticosteroid

Increased risk of infections due to decreased immune response (intensity of the drug)

Must be weaned off this drug slowly

39
Q

Loperamide (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Imodium
Anti-diarrheal

Always think - what is the purpose of admin of this med?

40
Q

Psyllium (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Metamucil
Bulk laxative

Bulk laxative that pull in more water to help bulk the bMs

Pt needs to increase water intake due to water being pulled from GI tract

41
Q

Sennosides (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Senokot
Stimulant laxatives

42
Q

Polyethylene glycol (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Lax-a-day
Laxative

Pt will require continuous hydration and electrolytes

43
Q

Lactulose (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

A

Chronulac
Laxative

Used on cirrhosis pt to excrete ammonia from the GI system through diarrhea

NSG 2321 - Theory Exam 2 (5 decks)

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