Medications

Question 1

Atropine

Answer 1

Muscarinic/cholinergic antagonist

For decr EOL death rattle
Dilation for eye procedures, pre-anesthesia

SdE: dry mouth/decr secretions, incr HR

Question 2

Nitroglycerin

Answer 2

Potent vasodilator

For acute coronary syndrome (ACS)

SdE: flushing, HA (will build tolerance if continued use in stable angina pt), hypotension

NN: Nitro-free 8hr intervals needed if using continuously (gtt)

Question 3

Bethanechol

Answer 3

(Urecholine)

Muscarinic/cholinergic agonist

For urinary retention -> bladder relaxation

SdE: decr HR, BP, incr GI activity (sometimes diarrhea), bronchoconstriction

Question 4

Digoxin

Answer 4

positive inotrope (contractility agent)

For HF and Afib (last resort)

SdE: incr WOH, GI irritation, CNS disturbance, arrhythmias

NN: monitor K levels as toxicity possible!

Question 5

Aspart/Lispro

Answer 5

rapid-acting insulin
Onset 10-20min
Peak 1-2 hrs
SQ injection

Can be mixed with Regular?

Question 6

Regular

Answer 6

regular insulin, shorter acting
onset 30-60min
peak 1-5hr
Can be used in ER situation (hyperK)
SQ or IV

Question 7

NPH

Answer 7

medium action insulin
onset 1-2 hrs
peak 4-8hrs
SQ, BID dose
Note: is cloudy solution, ROLL the vial

Can mix with regular, but draw it up after the regular!

Question 8

Glargine

Answer 8

Long-acting insulin
70min onset
no peak, works for 18-24h
do NOT mix with any others!

Question 9

Clonidine

Answer 9

Potent antiHTN drug

SdE: dizziness, OH, drowsy, dry mouth

Teach: no concurrent ETOH use

• Abrupt discontinuation can result in rebound HTN!
• Patch education (rotating, disposal)

Question 10

Methotrexate

Answer 10

Immunosuppressant drug
Used for RA and CA

SdE: nephrotoxic
Infection rx is priority
Also causes thrombocytopenia (Sx: petechia - purple spots on skin; other bleeding)

Get eye exams regularly.

Question 11

Drugs & their Narrow Therapeutic Ranges

Answer 11

Digoxin 0.8-2; >2.4 is toxic
Lithium 0.6-1.2; >1.5 is toxic
Phenytoin 10-20
Vancomycin 5-15

Question 12

Azathioprine

Answer 12

immunosuppressant

For IBD (UC), and antiRA

Rx for infection!