Medication List 1: Anti-Infectives

Question 1

Anti-bacterials (antibiotics)

Answer 1

doxycycline, amoxicillin, cephalexin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin, metronidazole

Question 2

Doxycycline: brands

Answer 2

Vibramycin, Adoxa, Monodox

Question 3

Doxycycline: common strengths

Answer 3

20mg, 50mg, 75mg, 100mg, 150mg

Question 4

Doxycycline: common frequency

Answer 4

q12h

Question 5

Doxycycline: indications/use

Answer 5

RTI, UTI, STI, acne and skin infections

Question 6

Doxycycline: counseling tips and important info

Answer 6

-sun sensitivity
-take with food to prevent stomach upset
-Do not take with: Ca++, Fe++, Mg++, Zn++ within 2 hours of taking doxy
-May decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives (OC); use additional form of (BC) during and 1 wk after last dose

Question 7

Amoxicillin: brands

Answer 7

Amoxil

Question 8

Amoxicillin: common strengths

Answer 8

250mg, 500mg, 875mg

Question 9

Amoxicillin: common frequency

Answer 9

q8h, q12h

Question 10

Amoxicillin: indications/use

Answer 10

RTI, UTI, STI, ENT infections, skin infections

Question 11

Amoxicillin: counseling tips and important info

Answer 11

-May decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives (OC); use additional form of (BC) during and 1 wk after last dose
-contraindicated if penicillin allergy

Question 12

Cephalexin: brands

Answer 12

Keflex

Question 13

Cephalexin: common strengths

Answer 13

250mg, 500mg

Question 14

Cephalexin: common frequency

Answer 14

q6h, q8h

Question 15

Cephalexin: indications/use

Answer 15

RTI, UTI, ENT, skin and bone infections, skin disease states

Question 16

Cephalexin: counseling tips and important info

Answer 16

-do not take with Zn++ for at least 3 hours after taking
-contraindicated if cephalosporin allergy
-caution if penicillin allergy

Question 17

Azithromycin: brands

Answer 17

Zithromax, Z-Pak, Tri-Pak

Question 18

Azithromycin: common strengths

Answer 18

250mg, 500mg

Question 19

Azithromycin: common frequency

Answer 19

Z-pak: Two 250mg PO (500mg) on day 1, then 1 tablet days 2-5, q24h

Question 20

Azithromycin: indications/use

Answer 20

RTI, STI, ENT, skin, and eye infections

Question 21

Azithromycin: counseling tips and important info

Answer 21

-Do not take with an Al++ or Mg++ containing antacid
-QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interactions
-contraindicated if macrolide allergy

Question 22

Ciprofloxacin: brands

Answer 22

Cipro, Ciloxan

Question 23

Ciprofloxacin: common strengths

Answer 23

250mg, 500mg, 750mg

Question 24

Ciprofloxacin: common frequency

Answer 24

q12h

Question 25

Ciprofloxacin: indications/use

Answer 25

STI, prostatitis, skin and bone infections, pneumonia, complicated UTI, RTI, and abdominal infections

Question 26

Ciprofloxacin: counseling tips and important info

Answer 26

-QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interaction -Do not take with Ca++, Fe++ within 2 hrs of taking -Sun sensitivity -May increase caffeine sensitivity -Contraindicated if fluoroquinolone allergy

Question 27

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim: brands

Answer 27

Bactrim DS

Question 28

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim: common strengths

Answer 28

800mg(S)/160mg(T)

Question 29

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim: common frequency

Answer 29

q12h

Question 30

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim: indications/use

Answer 30

RTI, UTI, HIV-associated infections

Question 31

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim: counseling tips and important info

Answer 31

-Sun sensitivity -Take with at least 8 oz water -Contraindicated if sulfa allergy

Question 32

Nitrofurantoin: brands

Answer 32

Macrobid, Macrodantin

Question 33

Nitrofurantoin: common strengths

Answer 33

100mg

Question 34

Nitrofurantoin: common frequency

Answer 34

q12h

Question 35

Nitrofurantoin: indications/use

Answer 35

UTI

Question 36

Nitrofurantoin: counseling tips and important info

Answer 36

-orange or brown urine is expected, not cause for concern -Do not take with Mg++ within 2 hrs of taking -Take with food or milk to increase absorption

Question 37

Metronidazole: brands

Answer 37

Flagyl

Question 38

Metronidazole: common strengths

Answer 38

250mg, 500mg

Question 39

Metronidazole: common frequency

Answer 39

q6h, q8h, q12h

Question 40

Metronidazole: indications/use

Answer 40

abscess, vaginosis, GI tract infections, STI

Question 41

Metronidazole: counseling tips and important info

Answer 41

-Contraindicated: alcohol use during therapy and for 3 days following last dose -Metallic taste in mouth -Common adverse effect: headache

Question 42

Anti-Fungals

Answer 42

Fluconazole

Question 43

Fluconazole: brands

Answer 43

Diflucan

Question 44

Fluconazole: common strengths

Answer 44

100mg, 150mg, 200mg

Question 45

Fluconazole: common frequency

Answer 45

q24h, single dose for vaginitis

Question 46

Fluconazole: indications/use

Answer 46

Fungal infections of: mouth (thrush), skin, vagina, HIV-associated

Question 47

Fluconazole: counseling tips and important info

Answer 47

-QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interactions -Report any new skin rashes to prescriber (maculopapular rash)

Question 48

Anti-Virals

Answer 48

Valacyclovir

Question 49

Valacyclovir: brands

Answer 49

Valtrex

Question 50

Valacyclovir: common strengths

Answer 50

500mg, 1 gram

Question 51

Valacyclovir: common frequency

Answer 51

q8h, q12h, q24h

Question 52

Valacyclovir: indications/use

Answer 52

Herpes viral infections of genitals, cold sores, and shingles

Question 53

Valacyclovir: counseling tips and important info

Answer 53

-Common adverse effect: headache -Does not prevent disease transmission (avoid sex when sores present) -Drink lots of fluids to prevent accumulation in kidneys