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My Final Year 4 Revision > Medication Counselling > Flashcards

Medication Counselling Flashcards

1
Q

How would you explain Methrorexate?

A
  • explain RA - immune system is activates in joints

- Methotrexate dampens the immune system from attacking the joint

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2
Q

What monitoring is required for methotrexate?

A

CXR before start

FBC/UE/LFT 2 weekly then 2 monthly

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3
Q

How long does Methotrexate take to effect?

A

4/6 months

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4
Q

How is methotrexate taken?

A

Weekly via tablet or infection

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5
Q

What SE are there for MTX?

A

Alopecia
Headaches
GI disturbance - Nausea (BUT FOLIC ACID)

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6
Q

What Important SE?

A

Myelosupression - infection, bleeds

Liver and pulmonary toxicity - Alcohol

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7
Q

What contraindications are there for MTX?

A

Immunodeficiency

Pregnancy - contraception

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8
Q

What supplementary advice for MTX?

A
  • anual flu jab

Leaflet

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9
Q

How would you explain Biphosphonates?

A

Osteoporosis -Bones have less minerals which make them weeker

Biphsophonates - Give you more minerals helping to keep bones strong

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10
Q

How is biphosphonates taken?

A

as a tablet or drink which is taken every week.

  • Swalow with full glass of water
  • remain upright for 30 mins
  • At least 30mins before food
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11
Q

What SE for biphosphonates?

A

Headache
Indigestion/ heartburn
Diarrhoea/contripation

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12
Q

Monitoring for biphosphonates?

A

Initially dental check

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13
Q

Contraindications for biphosphonates?

A 
pregnancy 
dysphagia 
peptic ulcer
low Ca
Severe CKD
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14
Q

How would explain SSRIs?

A

Depression - imbalance of chemical in brain

SSRI - increase a chemical called serotonin

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15
Q

How to take SSRI?

A

Tablet to be taken once per day. May take 4w to feel better

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16
Q

SE of SSRI?

A 
GI upset 
Sexual dysfunction 
Drowsiness
Dry mouth
Initially anxiety 2w
17
Q

Important side effects for SSRI?

A

Withdraw gradually:
Mood changes
Restlessness
Constipation/diarrhoea

18
Q

Contraindications to SSRIs?

A

Exclude mania/ bipolar depression

19
Q

Monitoring for SSRIs?

A

nil

20
Q

How would you explain Lithium treatment?

A

Bipolar - mania and depression

Li - stabilises a persons mood, decreases risk of suicide

Mechanism unclear

21
Q

How is lithium taken?

A

1-2 tablet taken daily

Takes 1-2 weeks for affect

22
Q

SE of Li?

A

Water - polydipsia and polyuria
GI - nausea
Tremor

23
Q

What should be watched out for in Li treatment?

A

Li toxicity

24
Q

What contraindications are their Li therapy?

A

pregnancy
Severe renal
Addisons

25
Q

What advice should be given to a person on Li?

A

drink plenty of water

26
Q

What monitoring is needed

A

Before - ECG, Bloods, beta HCG
Regular monitoring of Li
TFT UE, Ca - 6m

27
Q

How would you explain levodopa?

A

PD - low amounts of a chemical in brain which initiates movement called dopamine

Levodopa - tops up dopamine relieving symptoms

28
Q

How is levodopa taken?

A

Take in a tablet 3-4 times per day

Take with food to reduce nausea but will feel benefit quickly

29
Q

How long is levodopa dopa effective?

A

Decreases over time. end dose deterioration over 5 years with on off effect. Addition of other medication which help levodopa work…

30
Q

SE of levodopa treatment?

A

Psychosis
Dyskinsia
Postural hypotension
Nausea - But Domperidone

31
Q

Contraindications to levodopa therapy?

A

Glaucoma

32
Q

How do atypical antipsychotics?

A

Schizophrenia is an overactivity of chemical brain leading to symptoms

Atypical tries to bring back a balance of chemicals in the brain.

33
Q

How are atypical antipsychotics taken?

A

Daly tablet or depot injection.

Starts at low dose then titrate up.

34
Q

What should be done for a patient who has a developed a rash while on allopurinol?

A

Stop taking allopurinol seat medical attention - allopurinol hypersensitivity

My Final Year 4 Revision (16 decks)

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