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N254A > Medication Cards > Flashcards

Medication Cards Flashcards

1
Q

Gentamicin trade names (2)

A

garamycin or cidomycin

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2
Q

gentamicin class

A

antiinfective

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3
Q

gentamicin actions

A

bacterial death by interfering with protein synthesis

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4
Q

gentamicin uses

A

Bacterial Meningitis, Bacterial sepsis of newborn, eye, bone, skin infection

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5
Q

gentamicin contraindications

A

sensitivity to aminoglycosides

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6
Q

gentamicin adverse effects

A

Oto toxicity, nephrotoxicity, itching, redness, swelling

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7
Q

gentamicin black box warning

A

Toxicity – OTO and Nephro

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8
Q

gentamicin max dose (IM)

A

5 mg/kg/day

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9
Q

gentamicin nursing implications

A

Flush patient with fluids, watch for toxicity

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10
Q

cefazolin trade name (2)

A

ancef or kefzol

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11
Q

cefazolin class

A

antiinfective

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12
Q

cefazolin action

A

1st generation cephalosporin antibiotic

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13
Q

cefazolin uses

A

Infections: bone, skin, genital, pneumococcal pneumonia, UTI, Resp infections, endocarditis, used as pro-op medication, tx bacterial infections, staff infections, e-coli infections

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14
Q

cefazolin contraindications

A

Allergy to PCN - caution

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15
Q

cefazolin adverse effects

A

Purities, diarrhea, Leukopenia, Renal Failure

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16
Q

cefazolin max dosage

A

12g/day

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17
Q

cefazolin nursing implications

A

may have N/V

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18
Q

cephalexin trade name

A

keflex

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19
Q

cephalexin class

A

antiinfective, Antibiotic 1st generation cephalosporin

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20
Q

cephalexin action

A

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis (cell wall osmolality)

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21
Q

cephalexin uses

A

Pharyngitis, UTI, Resp infections, Ear infections, Impetigo

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22
Q

cephalexin contraindications

A

hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, infants less than one month, renal disease, pregnancy (B)

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23
Q

cephalexin adverse effects

A

N/V, diarrhea

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24
Q

cephalexin max dosage

A

4g/day

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25
Q

cephalexin nursing implications

A

watch for diarrhea

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26
Q

amoxicillin trade name

A

amoxil

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27
Q

amoxicillin class (2)

A

antiinfective, antiulcer

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28
Q

amoxicillin action

A

interferes with cell wall replication, broad-spectrum antibiotic

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29
Q

amoxicillin uses

A

ENT infections, Gonorrhea, LRT infections, Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, H-Pylori – GI infections, Chlamydia, soft tissue infection

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30
Q

amoxicillin contraindications

A

careful in patient with Vit D deficiency, watch in patient allergic to PCN

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31
Q

amoxicillin adverse effects

A

Rash, N/V, HA

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32
Q

amoxicillin nursing implications

A

Watch with oral contraceptive, may decrease effects. May cause Vit K depletion

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33
Q

metronidazole trade name

A

flagyl

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34
Q

metronidazole class

A

antiinfective

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35
Q

metronidazole action

A

direct amebicide - binds and disrupts DNA structure

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36
Q

metronidazole uses

A

Abscesses, anaerobic infections, B, Meningitis, trichomoniasis

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37
Q

metronidazole contraindications

A

no alcohol

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38
Q

metronidazole adverse effects

A

Diarrhea, dizziness, H/A, N/V, abd discomfort

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39
Q

metronidazole black box warning

A

secondary malignancy - use only when indicated

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40
Q

metronidazole max dose (single dose)

A

2g

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41
Q

metronidazole nursing implications

A

watch for peripheral neuropathy

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42
Q

acetaminophen trade name

A

tylenol

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43
Q

acetaminophen class (2)

A

analgesic, non-opioid

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44
Q

acetaminophen actions

A

inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS, works peripherally to block pain impulses, antipyresis

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45
Q

acetaminophen uses

A

pain and fever

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46
Q

acetaminophen contraindications

A

severe hepatic impairment, sever liver damage, use with caution in alcoholics

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47
Q

acetaminophen adverse effects

A

N/V, insomnia, lack of appetite, abd. pain

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48
Q

acetaminophen max dose

A

4g/day

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49
Q

acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) trade name

A

aspirin

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50
Q

acetylsalicylic acid class (4)

A

analgesic, non-opioid, anti platelet agent, NSAID

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51
Q

acetylsalicylic acid action

A

inhibits cox 1 and 2 enzymes, formation of prostaglandins, platelet aggregation, anti-pyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory

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52
Q

acetylsalicylic acid uses

A

stent placement, a fib, post stroke, pain, swelling, arthritis, post CABG, rheumatic fever

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53
Q

acetylsalicylic acid contraindications

A

patients w/: asthma, rhinitis, nasal polyps in children, for viral infections

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54
Q

acetylsalicylic acid adverse effects

A

N/V, heart burn, GI bleeding, tinnitus, inc bleeding

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55
Q

acetylsalicylic acid black box

A

reyes syndrome in children

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56
Q

acetylsalicylic acid max dose (tab and supp)

A

tab - 500 mg, supp - 600 mg

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57
Q

acetylsalicylic acid nursing implications

A

watch for: inc blood, coffee ground-emesis, GI sx. do not crush extended release. foods with vit c may displace drug finding sites. give with food and water

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58
Q

ibuprofen trade name (2)

A

Advil (OTC), Motrin (rx)

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59
Q

ibuprofen class (2)

A

analgesic, NSAID

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60
Q

ibuprofen action

A

inhibits cox 1 and 2 enzymes, formation of prostaglandin, antipyretic/analgesic, anti-inflammatory

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61
Q

ibuprofen uses

A

RA, inflammatory diseases, mild-mod pain, fever, dysmenorrhea, osetoarthritis, menstrual pain, minor dental pain, joint/bone/muscle pain

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62
Q

ibuprofen contraindications

A

CABG surgery

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63
Q

ibuprofen adverse effects

A

platelet adhesion, comprised renal fx, antihypertensive, effect on BB, GI, heartburn, diarrhea, flatulence, chest discomfort, tinnitus, abd pain

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64
Q

ibuprofen black box warning

A

serious GI bleed, ulceration and perforation, MI, stroke

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65
Q

ibuprofen max dose

A

1,200mg/day

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66
Q

ibuprofen nursing implications

A

risk of MI, stroke, well hydrated patient, give with food/milk, educate pt on: tarry stools/headache/fever/chills/tarry emesis

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67
Q

diliatzem trade name

A

cardizem

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68
Q

diliatzem class (3)

A

anti-anginas, anti-arhythmic agent, ca channel blocker

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69
Q

diliatzem action

A

CCB-inhibits ca from entering vascular smooth muscle and myocardium during depolarization (CORONARY VASOLDILATION)

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70
Q

diliatzem uses

A

BP, CP, irregular HR, a fib, a flutter, DVST

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71
Q

diliatzem contraindications

A

sick-sinus syndrome, 2-3 AV block, bradycardia, hypotension

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72
Q

diliatzem adverse effects

A

DEC/irregular HR, flushing, HA, dizziness, tired, runny nose, hypotension, N/V

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73
Q

diliatzem max dosage

A

480mg/day

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74
Q

diliatzem nursing implications

A

do not crush (peripheral edema), must be used on an IV pump

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75
Q

furosemide trade name

A

lasix

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76
Q

furosemide class

A

loop diuretic

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77
Q

furosemide action

A

sulfonamide loop diuretic, anti-hypertensive, dec renal vascular resistance

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78
Q

furosemide uses

A

fluid elimination, HTN, heart failure pts

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79
Q

furosemide contraindications

A

patients with liver and pancreatic problems

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80
Q

furosemide adverse effects

A

HYPOtension, dizziness, arrhythmias, muscle contractions, fatigue, GI upset, HA

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81
Q

furosemide black box warning

A

k+ depletion, profound diuresis (watch electrolytes)

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82
Q

furosemide max dosage

A

80 mg

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83
Q

furosemide nursing implications

A

monitor k+ levels, should be on I/O, BS in diabetics, need salt free diet

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84
Q

nitroglycerine trade name

A

nitro-bid

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85
Q

nitroglycerine class (3)

A

anti-anginal, coronary vasodilator

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86
Q

nitroglycerine actions

A

rapid action VASODILATOR, dec pre-load and after-load

87
Q

nitroglycerine uses

A

treat heart failure, HTN, chest pain

88
Q

nitroglycerine contraindications

A

side effects? stop usage

89
Q

nitroglycerine adverse effects

A

tolerance with continued use, nitrate free period during the day may be needed, HYPOtension, syncope, HA, dizziness, mouth tingling

90
Q

nitroglycerine black box warning

A

DO NOT USE WITH viagra

91
Q

nitroglycerine max dose

A

3 SL tabs

92
Q

nitroglycerine nursing implications

A

evaluate for: HYPOtension, tachycardia. flushing sensation possible. w/spray avoid rinsing mouth

93
Q

lisinopril trade name (2)

A

zestril or prinivil

94
Q

lisinopril class (2)

A

anti-hypertensive, ACE inhibitor

95
Q

lisinopril actions

A

DEC bp, improve hemodynamics

96
Q

lisinopril uses

A

HTN, help fxn of heart after MI, heart failure

97
Q

lisinopril contraindications

A

monitor diabetics, kidney failure pts

98
Q

lisinopril adverse effects

A

dizziness, syncope, GI upset, HA, cough

99
Q

lisinopril black box warning

A

pregnancy (D) 2nd and 3rd trimester

100
Q

lisinopril max dosage

A

80 mg/day

101
Q

lisinopril nursing implications

A

monitor BP and HR, watch for CHF/orthostatic HTN?edema of limbs

102
Q

atenolol trade name

A

tenormin

103
Q

atenolol class (3)

A

anti-hypertensive, anti-anginas, beta-blocker (beta 1)

104
Q

atenolol action

A

completely blocks response to beta adregenic stimulation (selectively blocks beta 1 receptors)

105
Q

atenolol uses

A

CP, HTN, post MI, a fib

106
Q

atenolol contraindications

A

SB, sinus node infection, heart block, cardiogenic shock, pulm edema, uncompensated heart failure

107
Q

atenolol adverse effects

A

dizziness, depression, SOB, feeling tired, bradycardia, weight gain, cardiac failure, cold extremities, AV block, hypotension, constipation, diarrhea, impotence, dyspnea

108
Q

atenolol max dosage

A

100mg/day

109
Q

atenolol nursing implications

A

take with food or w/o, may cause worse heart failure in elderly (CHF), beta blockers may alter glucose tolerance, taper dose for DC

110
Q

metoprolol tartrate (IR) trade name

A

lopressor

111
Q

metoprolol tartrate (IR) class (3)

A

anti-hypertensive, anti-anginas, beta-adrenergic agonist

112
Q

metoprolol tartrate (IR) actions

A

effects beta 1 adrenoreceptors

113
Q

metoprolol tartrate (IR) uses

A

HTN, CP, heart failure

114
Q

metoprolol tartrate (IR) contraindications

A

bradycardia, cariogenic shock, HYPOtension, heart block, dec blood flow to limbs, alcohol

115
Q

metoprolol tartrate (IR) adverse effects

A

bradycardia, HYPOtension, irregular HR, dizziness, confusion, feeling cold

116
Q

metoprolol tartrate (IR) black box warning

A

do not stop suddenly can cause inc CP or MI

117
Q

metoprolol tartrate (IR) max dosage

A

400 mg

118
Q

metoprolol tartrate (IR) nursing implications

A

do not miss dose, if missed don’t try to make it up

119
Q

propranolol trade name

A

inderal

120
Q

propranolol class (3)

A

anti-hypertensive, anti-anginal, beta-blocker

121
Q

propranolol actions

A

depresses arrhythmias, beta blocker of cardiac and adrenoreceptors, inhibit cerebral vasodilation and arterial spasms

122
Q

propranolol uses

A

MI mortality DEC, HTN, CP, migraines, tremors, pheochromocytoma, abnormal rhythms

123
Q

propranolol contraindications

A

CHF, bradycardia, valve Dz, asthma, COPD, pulm edema

124
Q

propranolol adverse effects

A

weak and tired, GI, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, HYPOtension

125
Q

propranolol black box warning

A

renal impairment/hepatic, must be tapered off or ischemia of cardiac tissue

126
Q

propranolol max dosage

A

320 mg

127
Q

propranolol nursing implications

A

take on empty stomach, hemodynamic monitoring, watch BS for hypoglycemia

128
Q

penicillin v trade name

A

pen-vk

129
Q

penicillin v class

A

broad-spectrum antiinfective

130
Q

penicillin v actions

A

interferes with cell wall replication

131
Q

penicillin v uses

A

Animal Bites, UTI, Pneumococcal Resp infections, Joint infections, Strep infections, Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, Pneumonia, Mild skin infections, gram positive organisms

132
Q

penicillin v contraindications

A

with ACE inhibitors – cause hyperkalemia

133
Q

penicillin v adverse effects

A

N/V, diarrhea, bruising, bleeding, C-diff, elevated EFT

134
Q

penicillin v max dosage

A

2,000 mg/day

135
Q

penicillin v nursing implications

A

watch for diarrhea, no alcohol, monitor renal function, take on empty stomach

136
Q

penicillin black box warning

A

Can cause anaphylaxis

137
Q

Piperacillin + tazobactam trade name

A

zosyn

138
Q

Piperacillin + tazobactam class

A

broad spectrum anti-infective

139
Q

piperacillin and tazobactam actions

A

Inhibition bacterial wall synthesis

140
Q

piperacillin and tazobactam uses

A

Pneumonia, GI track infections, UTI, Intra-abdominal infections, treat bacterial infections, E-Coli injections

141
Q

piperacillin and tazobactam contraindications

A

Bleeding disorders, renal impairment, pts with leukemia-neutropenia, C-diff

142
Q

Piperacillin + tazobactam
 adverse effects

A

N/V, diarrhea, bruising, bleeding, dizziness, hypotension, vasodilation, tachycardia,

143
Q

Piperacillin + tazobactam
 nursing implications

A

watch for diarrhea, may mask symptoms of syphilis in pts treated for gonorrhea, Monitor labs – BUN, CR, CBC, watch for bleeding,

144
Q

Piperacillin + tazobactam black box warning

A

Can cause anaphylaxis

145
Q

Piperacillin + tazobactam max dosage

A

24g/day

146
Q

Tetracycline trade name

A

Ala-Tet: Panmvcin; Declomycin

147
Q

Tetracycline class

A

broad spectrum antiinfective

148
Q

Tetracycline actions

A

inhibition bacterial wall synthesis, inhibits bacterial protein synthesis

149
Q

Tetracycline uses

A

UTI, Acne, Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Cystitis, PID

150
Q

Tetracycline contraindications

A

Bleeding disorders, renal impairment, makes birth control less effective

151
Q

Tetracycline adverse effects

A

N/V, diarrhea, bruising, bleeding, H/A, fever, decrease appetite, weakness, jaundice

152
Q

tetracycline nursing implications

A

watch for diarrhea, Do not take multivits-iron, CA or antacids or laxatives 2 hrs before or after, no milk – makes it harder to absorb, watch renal and hepatic function

153
Q

tetracycline black box warning

A

Watch for photosensitivity

154
Q

tetracycline max dose

A

500 mg

155
Q

vancomycin trade name

A

vancocin HLC

156
Q

vancomycin class

A

antiinfective

157
Q

vancomycin actions

A

Inhibition bacterial wall synthesis, 1st line of treatment for blood stream infections


158
Q

vancomycin uses

A

UTI, C-Diff, Pneumonia, Bacterial infections, peritonitis, Enterocolitis, Infections of intestines

159
Q

vancomycin contraindications

A

Bleeding disorders, renal impairment, may cause thrombophlebitis

160
Q

vancomycin adverse effects

A

N/V, diarrhea, bruising, bleeding, H/A, fever, decrease appetite, weakness, jaundice, ringing in ears, buzzing sound, bitter taste, kidney injury, swelling, weight gain, confusion, irregular HR, decrease BP

161
Q

vancomycin nursing implications

A

watch for diarrhea, watch renal and hepatic function, check BP, don’t take cough and cold medicine, no laxatives, give after dialysis

162
Q

vancomycin black box warning

A

Watch for nephrotoxicity

163
Q

vancomycin max dosage

A

2g/day

164
Q

azithromycin trade name

A

zithromax

165
Q

azithromycin class

A

antiinfective

166
Q

azithromycin actions

A

type of macrolide antibiotic, decreases production of protein thus stopping bacterial growth


167
Q

azithromycin uses

A

pper Resp Infections, Ear, Skin, Strep Throat, Sexually transmitted diseases, Legionella Dz, Lime Dz, Bronchitis

168
Q

azithromycin contraindications

A

Renal impairment, jaundice in liver injury patients, Prolonged QT interval, caution in pts with Myasthenia gravis, Watch taking of blood thinners

169
Q

azithromycin adverse effects

A

N/V, diarrhea, bruising, bleeding, H/A, fever, decrease appetite, weakness, increase HR, Flu like symptoms

170
Q

azithromycin nursing implications

A

watch for diarrhea, Do not take multivits-iron, CA or antacids or laxatives 2 hrs before or after, no milk – makes it harder to absorb, watch renal and hepatic function, alters K+ absorbtion

171
Q

azithromycin max dosage

A

2g/day

172
Q

Albuterol Sulfate trade name

A

Ventolin or Proventil HFA

173
Q

Albuterol Sulfate class

A

bronchodilator

174
Q

Albuterol Sulfate actions

A

Works in the airways opening breathing passages and relaxing muscles. Increases air flow to the lungs

175
Q

Albuterol Sulfate uses

A

Wheezing and SOB, Asthma, COPD, Bronchitis, Emphysema. Used to treat and prevent bronchospasm

176
Q

Albuterol Sulfate contraindications

A

Take with caution in HTN, Diabetes, or Seizure disorders. Caution with driving

177
Q

Albuterol Sulfate adverse effects

A

Nervousness, shaking, tremors, H/A, dizziness, increase BP, increased HR, Chest Pain, pounding in chest, feeling tired, loss of appitite

178
Q

Albuterol Sulfate nursing implications

A

Monitor BP, O2 Sats, Respirations, Listen to lungs, watch peak pressures

179
Q

Aminophylline trade name

A

none

180
Q

Aminophylline class (2)

A

anti-asthmatic, bronchodilator

181
Q

Aminophylline action

A

A solubilized form of theophylline; a diuretic, vasodilator, and cardiac stimulant;bronchodilator in asthma

182
Q

Aminophylline uses

A

Treat symptoms/blockage of airway due to asthma, emphysema or bronchitis. Relaxes the smooth muscle surrounding the bronchial tubes of lungs, allowing tubes to widen, making breathing easier. Improves contraction of diaphragm.

183
Q

Aminophylline contraindications

A

Use with caution in Cardiac patients, HTN, seizures

184
Q

Aminophylline adverse effects

A

Lightheadedness, dizziness, H/A, tremors, shaking, rapid, pounding pulse, increased HR, vomiting, chest discomfort.

185
Q

Aminophylline nursing implications

A

Monitor Blood levels 10 to 20 mcg/mL are considered therapeutic, greater than 20 mcg/mL are associated with greater toxicity, Monitor HR, BP, lungs, O2 sats, monitor for seizures, should be on a cardiac monitor watch for V-tach, watch for hypokalemia, Hyperglycemia

186
Q

aminophylline black box warning

A

Monitor therapeutic levels – toxemia can occur

187
Q

aminophylline max dosage

A

90mg/day

188
Q

Dexamethasone trade name

A

decadron

189
Q

Dexamethasone class (2)

A

Corticosteroid hormone (glucocorticoid). Anti-inflamatory

190
Q

Dexamethasone actions

A

Decreases body’s natural defensive response, reduces symptoms
of swelling and allergic-type reactions, preventnausea and vomiting.


191
Q

Dexamethasone uses

A

Arthritis,blood/hormone/immune system disorders, SkinandEyeconditions,Breathing Problems, adrenal gland disorder (Cushing’s syndrome). Sever Allergic reactions

192
Q

Dexamethasone contraindications

A

Any infections, Kidney dz, low minerals, Thyroid Dz, Stomach or intestinal problems

193
Q

Dexamethasone adverse effects

A

Stomachupset. H/A,dizziness, menstrual changes,trouble sleeping, increased appetite, orweightgain

194
Q

Dexamethasone nursing implications

A

Take with food or milk to preventstomachupset, Signs of infection

195
Q

Dexamethasone black box warning

A

May mask signs of infection or put you at greater risk of developing very serious infections.
gradually discontinued over 5-7 days

196
Q

Phenytoin trade name

A

dilantin

197
Q

Phenytoin class (2)

A

Anti-seizure medication, Anticonvulsant

198
Q

Phenytoin actions

A

Slowing down impulses in the brain that cause seizures.


199
Q

Phenytoin uses

A

Seizure disorders, Status Epilepticus

200
Q

Phenytoin contraindications

A

May cause suicidal thoughts, Caution in Liver Dz.

201
Q

Phenytoin adverse effects

A

Drowsiness, Fatigue, Irritability, H/A, Restlessness, Slurred speech, Nervousness, Nystagmus, Dizziness, Vertigo

202
Q

phenytoin nursing implications

A

Watch for Nephrotoxicity, monitor BP, watch for seizures,

203
Q

phenytoin black box warning

A

Must monitor Blood Drug levels. Do not stop taking suddenly. Must wean off.

204
Q

phenytoin max dosage

A

300-400mg/day

205
Q

Phenobarbital trade name (2)

A

Luminal; Solfoton

206
Q

Phenobarbital (3)

A

anticonvulsant, epilepsy, barbiturate

207
Q

Phenobarbital actions

A

nonselectivecentral nervous system depressant which is primarily used as asedativehypnotic and also as ananticonvulsantin subhypnotic doses.

208
Q

Phenobarbital uses

A

Epilepsy, Seizures, Drug OD- prevent seizures, sleeplessness, the relief of anxiety, tension, and fear,

209
Q

Phenobarbital contraindications

A

adrenal disease such as Addison’s disease,liver problems, kidney problems, lung disease

210
Q

Phenobarbital adverse effects

A

restless muscle movements in your eyes, tongue, jaw, or neck, slow heartbeat, shallow breathing,
feeling light-headed, fainting, a fever or a sore throat, sores in your mouth, easy bruising or bleeding.

211
Q

Phenobarbital nursing implications

A

Monitor for CNS depression

212
Q

phenobarbital black box warning

A

Phenobarbital may decrease the potency of coumarin anticoagulants;

213
Q

phenobarbital max dosage

A

120 mg/day

214
Q

which medications are high alert drugs (2)

A

phenobarbital, diltiazem

N254A (8 decks)

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