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LAM 1 > Medication Administration > Flashcards

Medication Administration Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of syringe are oral medications typically administered in for equines?

A

60cc with the top cut off

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2
Q

What can oral medications be mixed with to increased palatability?

A

Molasses, corn syrup, apple sauce, peanut butter

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3
Q

Are oral medications given in feed to horses?

A

They can be but typically aren’t

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4
Q

Why are equine oral medications not typically given in feed?

A

The horse will either not at it at all or will not get all of it

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5
Q

When should equine oral medications be given in feed?

A

If horse is mouth/head shy or aggressive

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6
Q

T/F: Balling guns can be used in equine patients.

A

False- typically cause trauma

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7
Q

What is the typical needle size for administering IV injections in equine patients?

A

18g x 1.5”

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8
Q

What is the minimum size for IV injections in equines?

A

19g x 1.5”

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9
Q

T/F: The needle should never be seeded all the way to the hub for IV injections/

A

False- needle should always be seeded to the hub

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10
Q

What infection is risked if needles are touched/contaminated?

A

Clostridium infections

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11
Q

Can IV injections be given pointed either toward the heart or toward the head?

A

Yes, either is appropriate

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12
Q

What is the advantage of using an eccentric luer slip tip?

A

Less movement of the needle within the vessel

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13
Q

What kind of syringe tip is typically used for IV injections in equines?

A

Luer slip tip

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14
Q

To avoid the carotid artery, is it better to go closer to the head or to the shoulder?

A

Closer to the head

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15
Q

What is the advantage to positioning the needle pointing towards the head?

A

Passive flow back ensures you’re in the correct vessel

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16
Q

What is the advantage to positioning the the needle pointing towards the heart?

A

If there is flowback when the vessel is open, indication that the needle is in the carotid.

Flowback should only happen when vessel is occluded

17
Q

T/F: If you only are able to aspirate blood when the vessel is distended, you should inject with the vessel is distended.

A

True

18
Q

T/F: In IV injections, the needle is placed prior to attaching the syringe.

A

True

19
Q

What is a clinical sign associated with intracarotid injection?

A

Seizures, death, fasciculations

20
Q

What is the typical needle size used in IM injections in equines?

A

18/19/20g x 1.5”

21
Q

What is the smallest size needle that should be used in IM injections in equines?

A

21g x 1.5”

22
Q

Should needles be seeded to the hub in IM injections?

A

Yes- just like IV injections

23
Q

Is the needle usually placed prior to attaching the syringe in IM injections?

A

Yes

24
Q

What are the landmarks for IM neck injections in the equine patient?

A
  • Ventral ligamentum nuchae
  • Dorsal lateral processes of cervical vertebrae
  • Leading edge of shoulder
25
Q

What are the landmarks for IM semiM/semiT injections in the equine patient?

A
  • One hands width below tuber ischia
  • One hand’s width above start of gastrocnemius tendon
  • Outside thigh
26
Q

Can IM injections be given in the pectoral muscles?

A

Yes, typically avoided

27
Q

Should you aspirate prior to giving an IM injection?

A

Yes, to ensure you’re not in a vessel

28
Q

What is the volume limit for IM neck injections?

A

10-15cc

29
Q

What is the volume limit IM semiM/semiT injections?

A

15-20cc

30
Q

How many sites can be injected at one time in IM semiM/semiT injections?

A

2 at any one time

31
Q

What are some complications associated with perivascular injections?

A

Depends on the drug

Neurologic dysfunction, sloughing, infections, inflammation, fibrosis

32
Q

What are some complications associated with IM injections?

A

Intrathoracic disease, callulitis, myositis, fibrotic myopathy, lameness, local inflammation/pain

LAM 1 (10 decks)

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