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Test#3 > Medication Administration > Flashcards

Medication Administration Flashcards

1
Q

Absorption

A

Occurs on medication molecules, pass into the blood from the site of medication administration.

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2
Q

Adverse effects

A

Undesired, unintended and often unpredictable causes from medication

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3
Q

Anaphylactic reactions

A

Life-threatening is characterized by sudden constriction of bronchiolar muscles, edema of the pharynx and larynx, and severe wheezing and shortness of breath

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4
Q

Biological half-life

A

how long it takes for half of the dose to be metabolized and eliminated from the bloodstream

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5
Q

Biotransformation

A

The process by which substances that enter, the body are changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic molecules to facilitate illumination from the body(excrete)

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6
Q

Buccal

A

Lining of cheek

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7
Q

Detoxify

A

Break down and removal of biologically, active chemicals

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8
Q

Idiosyncratic reaction

A

When a patient overreacts or under reacts to a medication or has a reaction different from normal

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9
Q

Infusion

A

A method of putting fluids, including drugs into the bloodstream

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10
Q

Injection

A

Enters the bloodstream

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11
Q

Instillation

A

Fluid that is retained

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12
Q

Intraarticular

A

An injection of medication into a joint to relieve pain (knee)

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13
Q

Intracardiac

A

Injection of medication directly into cardiac tissue (directly into heart, muscles or ventricles)

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14
Q

Intrdermal(injection)

A

Injection into the dermis just under the epidermis (surface of forearm,tb)

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15
Q

Intramuscular(injection)

A

Injection into a muscle

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16
Q

Intraocular

A

Involves inserting a medication, similar to a contact lens into a patient eye

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17
Q

Intravenous(IV) (injection)

A

Injection into a vein

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18
Q

Irrigations

A
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19
Q

Medication allergy

A

The medication or chemical acts as an antigen, triggering the release of the antibodies in the body

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20
Q

Medication error

A
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21
Q

Medication tolerance

A

Occurs overtime usually noted clinically when patient receive more and more medication(higher doses) to achieve the same therapeutic effect

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22
Q

Medication reconciliation

A

Nurses pharmacist, another healthcare providers compare the medication that the patient is taking currently with the patient should be taking annually, ordered medication

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23
Q

Medication tolerance

A

This occurs overtime
Usually noted clinically when patient receives more and more medication or higher dose, to achieve the same therapeutic affect

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24
Q

Minimum effective concentration (MEC)

A

the lower level of a drug in the body that will still be effective

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25
Q

Ophthalmic

A
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26
Q

Parenteral administration

A

Involves injecting a medication to body tissues

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27
Q

Peak

A

Time it takes for medication to reach its highest effective concentration
Drawn 1 hour after meds is finished

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28
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

The study of how medication, enter the body, reach their side of action, metabolize, and exit the body

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29
Q

Polypharmacy

A
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30
Q

Prescriptions

A
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31
Q

Pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs)

A
32
Q

Side effects

A

Add predictable and often unavoidable adverse effect produced at the usual therapeutic dose

33
Q

Solution

A

A liquid containing a dissolved substance

34
Q

Subcutaneous(injection)

A

Injection into tissues, just below the dermis of the skin (arm, belly, buttocks, upper legs)

35
Q

Sublingual

A

Is when you have to instruct patients not to swallow medication, given by sublingual route, or drink anything until the medication is completely dissolved, ensure that the medication will have its desired effect(medication that is provided to patient that goes under the tongue)

36
Q

Synergistic effect

A

When to medication’s are combined, and their effect is greater than the effect of the medication when they were given separately

37
Q

Therapeutic effect

A

Is expected or predicted physiological response caused by medication

38
Q

Therapeutic range

A

A ratio that compares the blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic and the concentration at which the drug is effective. The larger the therapeutic index (TI), the safer the drug is.

falls between MEC and the toxic concentration

39
Q

Toxic affects

A

Accumulation of medication, bloodstream

Having to do with poison or something harmful to the body. Toxic substances usually cause unwanted side effects

40
Q

Transdermal disk

A

Is absorbed through the skin and affect the. client throughout their body much like taking a pill affects the client.

41
Q

Through

A

Minimum blood serum concentration of medication reach just before the next scheduled dose
(Drawn right before medication is administered -30 mins before)

42
Q

Verbal order

A
43
Q

Z -track method

A
44
Q

Onset of medication, action

A

Time it takes after you administer medication for it to produce a therapeutic effect

45
Q

Duration of action

A

Length of time, during which medication is present in a concentration gradient enough to produce a therapeutic effect

46
Q

Plateau

A

Blood serum concentration reached and maintained after repeated fix doses

47
Q

Allergic reaction

A

Unpredictable response to medication

48
Q

Dysphasia

A

Inability to swallow

49
Q

What are four major methods of injection?

A

Intradermal
Subcutaneous
Intramuscular (deltoid)
Intravenous

50
Q

What are the seven rights to medication administration?

A

The right patient
The right medication
The right dose
The right route
The right time
The right documentation
The right indication

51
Q

Oral administration

A

Easiest and most desirable route
Food sometimes affects absorption

52
Q

installation (eye)

A

Avoid cornea
Avoid touching the eyelids with droppers or tubes to decrease the risk or infection
Use only on affected eye

53
Q

Intraocular instillation

A

Teach patient how to insert and remove the disk (contacts)

54
Q

Ear instillation

A

Instill ear drops at room temperature
Check ear drum for rupture if patient has ear drainage

55
Q

Parenteral medication equipment

A

Syringes
Luer-lok (twist needle on)
Non-luer-lok(slip needle on)

56
Q

Parenteral medications needle parts

A

Hub
Shaft
Bevel

57
Q

Needle gauge and length

A

Intramuscular injection
Needle length 5/8 inch-1 1/2 inch
Needle gauge: 22-25

Subcutaneous injection
Needle length 1/8 inch -5/8 inch
Needle gauge 25-27

Intradermal injection
Needle length 1/2 inch - 5/8 inch
Needle gauge 25-27

58
Q

Parenteral medication’s – ampule

A

Preparing injection for an Ampule
-Snap off ampule neck
-aspirate medication into syringe using filter needle
-replace filter needle:with appropriate size needle or needless device
-administer injection according to order

59
Q

Where does metabolism of drugs occur?

A

Liver

60
Q

What body organ excretes drugs

A

Kidneys (pee)

61
Q

Aseptic techniques

A

Reduce the risk of infection
Basically hand, hygiene, ensuring sterile supplies

62
Q

How is insulin administered?

A

Insulin is administered by sub Q injection because the G.I. tract breaks down and destroys it in oral form

63
Q

the abdomen injection

A

Fastest absorption area

64
Q

The arms

A

A little slower than the abdomen

65
Q

The legs

A

Even slower than the arms

66
Q

The buttocks

A

The slowest absorption area

67
Q

Subcutaneous injection locations

A

Medication’s place in to loose connective tissues under dermis
Arms, abdomen. buttocks(a little lower than waist ventrolgluteal), legs(above knees)

68
Q

What are the degrees for injections

A

Intramuscular -90° angle
Subcutaneous -45° angle and 90° angle
Intradermal -5-15° angle

69
Q

Intramuscular injections

A

Faster absorption, then subcutaneous route
The angle of admission is 90°
Body mass index and adipose tissue influence needle size selection
2–5 ml is the amount that can be injected in that area

70
Q

Intramuscular(ventrolgluteal)

A

Gluteus medius
Deep in away from major nerves and blood vessels
It is the preferred and safe site for all adults, children, and infants
Recommended for volumes greater than 2 mL **

71
Q

When should Z track method be used?

A

The Z track method should be used for all intramuscular injections in adults. This technique prevents drug leakage into the subcutaneous tissue. It helps steal the drug in the muscle in minimizes the skin irritation.
(You pull the skin before inserting needle, after administering medication pull needle out and let go of the skin)

72
Q

Intramuscular(Vastis lateralis)

A

Used for adults and children
Use middle third of muscle for injection
Usually use for kids for their immunizations (on their legs)

73
Q

Intramuscular(deltoid)

A

Injection of the arm center of the triangle, pinch skin and inject a medication

74
Q

How to administer IM Med Z-track w/aspiration

A

After pulling the skin and inserting the needle, aspirate(pull back) for 5– 10 seconds with dominant hand(while other hand is still holding down the skin) then administer medication over one ML/10 seconds.
Then wait 10 seconds and release skin as you pull needle out at the same angle

75
Q

Do we aspirate all injections?

A

No, CDC recommends that we not aspirate vaccines.

76
Q

Intradermal injections

A

This is used for skin testing such as allergy, TB
Slow absorption from dermis
Angle of insertion is 5 to 15° with a bevel up
A small bleb will form

77
Q

Intravenous injection(IV)

A

Are primarily used for fluid replacement in patients who are unable to take oral fluids

Test#3 (5 decks)

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