Medicating Children Flashcards
What are the 6 most important rules of medication?
Person, Time, Route, Dose, Medication, Documentation
What is Atraumatic Care?
Any kind’ve care that aims to minimize the psychological or physical care of a child and their family
What are some examples of Atraumatic Care?
Offer juice/snacks after administration
Add flavoring to meds when possible
Use a nipple to allow the infant to suck the med
When administering a med to a child/infant, what things should be avoided?
Don’t mix the med with Baby Formula / Food
Why should meds not be mixed with baby formula or food?
They might not consume all of the med, leaving them with less than the intended dose
When administering meds, what position should Infants be held in?
Semi-Reclining Position
When administering meds, what position should Children be held in?
Upright Position
How should PO meds be administered to kids?
Administer the med in the side of the mouth (If they are an infant, stroke their chin to promote swallowing)
What kind of formula should be used with feeding tubes?
Liquid Formula
Should medications be added to the formula bag of a feeding tube?
No
If administering several meds via a feeding tube, what needs to be done after the administration of each medication?
Flush the tubing with water
When administering Optic Meds, what positions can a child pt be put in?
Supine / Sitting
How should Optic Meds be administered to a child pt?
Pull the Lower Eye Lid downward, apply the med in the Conjunctiva Pocket
When administering Otic Meds, what position should your pt be in?
Supine or Prone with the affected ear upward
With children older than 3, how should you pull their Pinna to administer Otic meds?
Pull the Pinna upward and straight back
With children younger than 3, how should you pull their Pinna to administer Otic meds?
Pull the Pinna downward and straight back
What needs to be done for a child pt before administering Nasal meds?
Remove Mucus
How should a child pt be positioned for the administration of Nasal meds?
Their head should be held Hyperextended
When using Aerosol, how should it be administered for Younger Children?
Use a Mask, allow the parents to hold the child
When using Aerosol, how should it be administered for Infants / Toddlers?
Use ‘Blow By’ method, allow the parents to hold the child
When administering Aerosol, what is the ‘Blow-By’
Take the mask and put it in front of the child’s mouth and let the air blow to them
If the pt needs more air, cut a hole into a cup and put an air tube / nasal cannula through it for more oxygenation
How should you cut an Enema?
Lengthwise
After the administration of an enema, what needs to be done?
Hold their buttox together
For adults, how many inches does the enema need to go?
3
For kids, many inches does the enema need to go?
Infants + Younger Child = 1 - 1.5
Older Child = 2 - 3
What’s important to keep in mind about the administration sites of Transdermal / Topical meds?
Assess the skin before administration + Rotate Sites Frequently
With injections, you should always change the needle if it pierced-
A rubber stopper on a vial
When selecting the injection site for a child, what things need considered?
The Amount + Viscosity of the med
Muscle Mass + Condition
The access of the site + Contamination Risk
Number of Injections Needed
Age + Size of Child
Where should an Intradermal Med be administered?
The inside of the forearm
What things need to kept in mind about Intradermal Injections?
Insert at 15 degree angle + DON’T ASPIRATE
What kind’ve injection is a TB Syringe?
Intradermal Injection
Where should SUBQ Injections be administered?
Anywhere with adequate Subcutaneous Tissue (Upper Arm + Abdomen + Anterior Thigh)
How much med can be injected with a SUBQ Injection?
<0.5 mL
At what angle should you perform a SUBQ Injection?
90 Degrees
What length needle is needed for an IM Injection?
22-25 G Needle (1/2 - 1 Inches Long)
What’s the recommended site for an IM Injection?
Vastus Lateralis
How many mL’s can be delivered to an Infant during an IM Injection?
Up to 0.5 mL
How many mL’s can be delivered to a Child during an IM Injection?
Up to 2 mL
How should a Child/Infant be positioned during a Ventrogluteal Injection?
Supine, Side-Lying, or Prone
How many mL’s can an Infant take during a Ventrogluteal Injection?
0.5 mL - 1 mL (Depending on Muscle Size)
How many mL’s can a Child take during a Ventrogluteal Injection?
Up to 2 mL
How many mL’s can be delivered during a Deltoid Injection?
Up to 1 mL
How should a child be positioned for a Deltoid Injection?
Sitting / Standing
For a pediatric pt, what G is needed for a IV insertion?
22 - 24 G
This type of Injection is used for Continuous and Intermittent IV Med Administration =
Intravenous
Is an IV for Short-Term or Long-Term therapy?
Short-Term
What types of CVAD’s are used for short-term therapy?
Non-Tunneled or PICC
What types of CVAD’s are used for long-term therapy?
Tunneled Catheter or Implanted Port
When is an Interosseous Injection used?
This is a Temporary / Emergency Route only used when Venous Access can’t be obtained
Where is an Interosseous Iniection inserted?
The Tibia
After performing an Interosseous Injection, what needs to be monitored frequently?
Distal Pulses + Temperature + Color
What kind’ve needle is used for Infants and Younger Children during Interosseous injections?
Pediatric Pink (15 mm)
What kind’ve needle is used for Adolescents and Normal Weight Adults during Interosseous injections?
Bigger Blue (25 mm)
What kind’ve needle is used for Obese Adults during Interosseous injections?
Big Bird Yellow (45 mm)
During an Interosseous Injection, where is the needle inserted?
The Tibia
What is the Primary Method for IV Meds? Why?
Syringe Infusions (It’s got a precise rate of infusion)
What is Buretrol used to do?
Reduces the risk of Fluid Overload
At what age is Buretrol recommended?
8 Years Old and Under
