Medical Terminology Chapter 4 Vocab Flashcards
1
Q
bi-
A
Two, twice, double.
2
Q
-cele
A
Hernia, tumor, swelling.
3
Q
dys-
A
Bad, difficult, or painful.
4
Q
fasci/o
A
Fascia, fibrous band.
5
Q
fibr/o
A
Fibrous tissue, fiber.
6
Q
-ia
A
Abnormal condition, disease, plural of -ium.
7
Q
-ic
A
Pertaining to.
8
Q
kines/o
A
Movement.
9
Q
kinesi/o
A
Movement.
10
Q
my/o
A
Muscle.
11
Q
-plegia
A
Paralysis, stroke.
12
Q
-rrhexis
A
Rupture.
13
Q
tax/o
A
Coordination, order.
14
Q
ten/o
A
Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain.
15
Q
tend/o
A
Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain.
16
Q
tendin/o
A
Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain.
17
Q
ton/o
A
Stretching, tension.
18
Q
tri-
A
Three.
19
Q
abduction
A
Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.
20
Q
adduction
A
Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
21
Q
adhesion
A
A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.
22
Q
ataxia
A
The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.
23
Q
atonic
A
Lacking normal muscle tone or strength.
24
Q
atrophy
A
Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures.
25
bradykinesia
Extreme slowness in movement.
26
carpal tunnel syndrome
Inflammation and swelling of the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel, which then create pressure on the median nerve.
27
chronic fatigue syndrome
A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity.
28
circumduction
The circular movement at the far end of a limb.
29
contracture
The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues.
30
dorsiflexion
Movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle.
31
dyskinesia
Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented or jerky motions.
32
dystonia
A condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement.
33
electromyography
A diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation.
34
epicondylitis
Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow.
35
ergonomics
The study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment.
36
exercise physiologist
A specialist who works under a physician's supervision to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness.
37
fasciitis
Inflammation of a fascia.
38
fibromyalgia
A debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms.
39
ganglion cyst
A harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist.
40
heel spur
A calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the heel bone.
41
hemiparesis
Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body.
42
hemiplegia
Total paralysis affecting one side of the body.
43
hernia
The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it.
44
hyperkinesia
Abnormally increased motor function or activity; also known as hyperactivity.
45
hypotonia
A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal muscles.
46
impingement syndrome
Inflammed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint.
47
insertion
The point where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon.
48
intermittent claudication
Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest.
49
muscular dystrophy
A group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system.
50
myasthenia gravis
A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles.
51
myocele
The herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.
52
myoclonus
The quick involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles.
53
myofascial release
A specialed soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome.
54
myolysis
The degeneration of muscle tissue.
55
myoparesis
Weakness or slight muscle paralysis.
56
myorraphy
Surgical suturing of a muscle.
57
neuromuscular
Pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and a muscle.
58
oblique
Slanted or at an angle.
59
origin
The point where the muscle begins, located nearest the midline of the body or on a less movable part of the skeleton.
60
paralysis
The loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply.
61
paraplegia
Paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.
62
physiatrist
A physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function.
63
plantar fasciitis
Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot, causing foot or heel pain when walking or running.
64
polymyositis
A muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation or weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body.
65
pronation
The act of rotating the arm of the leg so the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned forward or backward.
66
quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four extremities.
67
sarcopenia
The loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that come with aging.
68
shin splint
A painful condition caused by tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the tibia (shin bone).
69
singultus
Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm; also known as hiccups.
70
sphincter
A ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway.
71
sprain
An injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist, which usually occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn.
72
tenodesis
The suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone.
73
tenolysis
The release of a tendon from adhesions.
74
tenorraphy
The surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon.
75
tenosynovitis
An inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon.
76
tenotomy
A surgical incision into a tendon.
77
torticollis
A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side; also known as wryneck.
78
transverse
In a crosswise direction.
