Medical Terminology Chapter 1 Flashcards
1
Q
What year was the stethoscope invented?
A
1816
2
Q
What year was the first successful human blood transfusion?
A
1818
3
Q
When was the first surgical operation with anesthesia ether?
A
1842
4
Q
When was the first documented use of xray in medicine?
A
1895
5
Q
When was the first commercial bottle of aspirin sold?
A
1899
6
Q
When was the bandaid invented?
A
1920
7
Q
When was insulin first used to treat diabetes?
A
1922
8
Q
When was pencillin’s antibacterial quality discovered?
A
1928
9
Q
When was the first hemodialysis machine made?
A
1945
10
Q
When was the first contact lense made?
A
1948
11
Q
When was tylenol approved by the FDA?
A
1951
12
Q
When was the first polio vaccine used on children?
A
1955
13
Q
When was the first kidney translpant with survival of more than one year?
A
1959
14
Q
When was the first human heart transplant?
A
1967
15
Q
When was the first test tube baby?
A
1978
16
Q
When was HIV identified?
A
1983
17
Q
When was dolly the sheep cloned?
A
1996
18
Q
When was the first telesurgery performed?
A
2001
19
Q
When was the first artificial liver transplant?
A
2001
20
Q
When was the first vaccine to target a cause for cancer made?
A
2006
21
Q
When was the first bionic eye made?
A
2007
22
Q
When was the first full face transplant?
A
2008
23
Q
A
24
Q
What is the ancient word for cancer and its langauge of origin?
A
karkinos greek (crab)
25
Who is known as the father of medicine and the one who standardized medical terminology?
Hippocrates
26
What ancient language do most medical terms come from?
greek and latin
27
-tomy
cutting
28
phlebotomy meaning
incision into the vein
29
Nerve in latin and spanish
latin- nervus spansih- nervio
30
What language of origin are compound words?
English
31
Ligamentum
| lang
Ligament
| latin
32
Kardia
cardi/o
33
tendo
tendon
34
genos
gene
| greek
35
arteria
artery
36
vena
| lang
vein
| latin
37
Cella
cell
38
Eponyms
terms formed from names
| Eg. Parkinson's or Parkinson
39
diacritical mark
a secial accent mark placed above letters to aide in pronounciation
40
Long (-) diacritical mark
long vowel
| (AY) (EE)
41
Short (~) diacritical mark
short vowel
| (ah) (eh)
42
Root meaning: Cardi
Heart
43
Root meaning: dent
Tooth
43
Root meaning: gastr
stomach
43
Root meaning: laryng
Larynx
43
Root meaning: rhin
Nose
44
Combining form
the word root with a combining vowel
| combining vowel normally O
45
peri-colic
around the colon
46
dentalgia
tooth pain
47
dysmenorrhea
painful menses
48
hepatomegaly
enlarged liver
49
hypotension
low blood pressure
50
epigastic
the area above the stomach
51
-pathy
condition
52
neur-
nerve
53
en-
inside
54
Root word: cephal
head
55
-itis
inflammation
56
root word: tonsil
throat tissue
57
-ectomy
complete removal
58
# combining form:
aer/o
air, gas
59
# combining form:
ather/o
plaque, fatty substance inside a vessel
60
# combining form:
blast/o
immature cells
61
# combining form:
calc/o calci/o
calcium
62
# combining form:
chondro, chondrio
cartilage, grainy, gritty
63
# combining form:
chyl/o
chyl, a digestive juice
64
# combining form:
chym/o
chyme, semifluid production of chyme in the stomach
65
# combining form:
cyst/o
bladder, cyst, cystic duct
66
# combining form:
cyt/o
cell
67
# combining form:
ethm/o
ethmoid bone
68
# combining form:
gli/o
glue
69
# combining form:
gluc/o
glucose
70
# combining form:
glyc/o
sugars
71
# combining form:
hydr/o
hydrogen, water
72
# combining form:
ket/o, keton/o
ketone, acetone
73
# combining form:
lip/o
fat, outside of the blood vessel
74
# combining form:
nucle/o
nucleus
75
# combining form:
plasma, plasm/o
formative, plasma
76
# combining form:
salping/o
tube
77
# combining form:
sider/o
iron
78
# combining form:
somat/o
body
79
# combining form:
squam/o
scale, squamous (scaly)
80
# combining form:
syring/o
tube
81
hydrocephaly
fluid accumulation in the brain
82
chondrocyte
cartilage cell
83
syringitis
inflammation of the eustachian tube
84
salpingectomy
removal of the fallopian tube
85
nucleotoxin
toxin poisonous to the nucleus
86
atheroma
tumor of a fatty deposit within a vessel
87
ethmonasal
relating to the ethmoid bones and nasal bones
88
aero-gen
gas producing microoganism
89
somatogenic
originating in the body
90
glucogenic
producing glucose
91
glycopenia
sugar deficiency
92
calcipenia
calcium deficiency
93
lipoblast
embryonic fat cell outside of the vessel
94
glioblastoma
growth consisting of immature neural cells
95
plasmapheresis
separation of the blood into parts
96
cytoarchitecture
arrangement of cells in the tissue
97
sideropenia
low iron
98
cystoid
bladder shaped
99
ketogenesis
production of ketones
100
chylopoesis
production of chyle in the intestine
101
chymopoesis
production of chyme
102
squamofrontal
squamous part of the frontal bone
103
# combining form:
algesi/o, algi/o, alg/o
pain
104
# combining form:
cry/o
cold
105
# combining form:
dips/o
thirst
106
# combining form:
esthesi/o
sensation, perception
107
# combining form:
kin/o kine/o
movement, motion
108
# combining form:
kinesi/o, kine
motion
109
# combining form:
phon/o
sound, voice, speech
110
# combining form
phot/o
light
111
# combining form:
son/o
sound
112
# combining form:
therm/o
heat
113
crycautery
destruction of tissue by freezing
114
photometer
instrument for measuring light
115
sonomotor
motor relates to movement caused by sound
116
thermometer
instrument for measuring temperature
117
algospasm
pain caused by a spasm
118
dipsomainia
alchoholism
119
kinesiology
study of movement
120
kinesthesia
perception of movement
121
phonometer
instrument used to measure sound
122
esthesiometry
measurement of tactile sensibility
123
# combining form
acanth/o
spiny, thorny
124
# combining form
andr/o
masculine
125
# combining form:
chlor/o
chlorine, green
126
# combining form:
chrom/o, chromat/o
color
127
# combing form:
crypt/o
hidden, obscure
128
# combining form:
cyan/o
blue
129
# combining form:
eosin/o
red
130
# combining form:
erythr/o
red, redness
131
# combining form:
granul/o
granular
132
# combining form:
gyn/o, gyn/e, gynec/o
women
133
# combining form
home/o, hom/o
same, constant
134
# combining form:
ichthy/o
dry, scaly, fishy
135
# combining form:
idi/o
distinct, unknown
136
# combining form:
immun/o
safe, immune system
137
# combining form:
leuk/o
white
138
# combining form:
macr/o
large, long
139
# combining form:
mag/o, megal/o
large, million
140
# combining form:
melan/o
black
141
# combining form:
micr/o
small, tiny
142
# combining form:
mio
smaller, less
143
# combining form
morph/o
strucure, shape
144
# combining form:
norm/o
normal
145
# combining form
physi/o
physical, natural
146
# combining form:
peud/o
false
147
# combining form:
scler/o
hardness, thickening
148
# combining form
scoli/o
crooked, bent
149
# combining form
spher/o
round, spherical
150
# combining form
staphyl/o
grapelike clusters
151
# combining form:
sten/o
narrowness
152
# combining form:
strept/o
twisted chains
153
# combining form:
terat/o
monsterlike
154
# combining form:
xanth/o
yellow
155
eosinophilic
staining readily with red dyes
156
microorganism
tiny organism
157
xanthoderma
yellowish skin
158
stenocephaly
narrowness of the head
159
morphology
structure of plants and animals
160
homeoplasia
the formation of new similar tissue
161
scoliometer
device to measure curves
162
idiopathic
a disease of unknown origin
163
pseudodiabetes
a false test for sugar in urine
164
acanthoid
spine shaped
165
chromatogenous
producing color
166
streptococcus
common organism that causes various infections
167
leukoblast
immature white blood cell
168
physiotherapy
another name for physical therapy
169
granuloma
a small granular lesion
170
erythroclasis
fragmentation of red blood cells
171
melanoderma
abnormal skin darkening
172
tetarogen
an agent that causes a malformed fetus
173
androblastoma
testicular tumor
174
chloruresis
excretion of chloride in the urine
175
immunodeficient
lacking in some essential immune function
176
staphylococcus
a common species that causes a variety of infections
177
cyanosis
the state of being blue
178
gynopathy
a disease particular to women
179
scleroderma
thickening and hardening of the skin
180
cryptogenic
something with an obscure origin
181
normocyte
a normal cell
182
ichthyotoxism
poisoning by fish
183
spherocyte
a round red blood cell
184
macromelia
an abnormally sized limb
185
megaloencephaly
abnormally large head or brain
186
miopragia
lessend functional activity
187
bacill/o
bacilli/ bacteria
188
bacteri/o
bacteria
189
carcin/o
cancer
190
kyph/o
humpback
191
onch/o, onc/o
tumor
192
path/o
disease
193
pyr/o
fever, heat
194
schist/o
split
195
schiz/o
split, division
196
spasm/o
spasm
197
pathogen
disease causing substance
198
carcinogen
cancer producing substance
199
spasmolytic
agent that relieves spasms
200
bacteriogenic
caused by bacteria
201
pyrogenic
causing a fever
202
kyphoscoliosis
kyphosis combined with scoliosis
| kyphosis (humpback)
203
bacilliform
rod shaped bacterium
204
schizophrenia
a spectrum of mental disorders with a disorder in perception
205
oncolysis
destruction of a cancerous tumor
206
schistocytosis
a bladder split
207
anteri/o
front
208
dextr/o
right, toward the right
209
dors/o
back
210
goni/o
angle
211
later/o
lateral, to one side
212
medi/o
middle, medial plane
213
mes/o
middle, median
214
orth/o
straight, normal
215
top/o
place, topical
216
lateroduction
movement to one side
217
dextrocardia
displacement of the heart to the right
218
mesocephalic
medium sized head
219
dorsalgia
upper back pain
220
topography
decription of body parts in terms of a specific surface area
221
geniometer
device for measuring angles
222
orthodontics
specialty concerned with straightening tooth placement
223
mediolateral
medial plane and one side of the body
224
crin/o
secrete
225
gen/o
producing/ being born
226
hypn/o
sleep
227
log/o
speech, words, thought
228
narc/o
sleep, numbness
229
phag/o
eating, devouring, swallowing
230
somn/o, somni
sleep
231
spir/o
breathe
232
hypnogenesis
induction of sleep
233
somnambulism
sleepwalking
234
crinogenic
causing secretion
235
phagocyte
a cell that ingests bacteria and other particles
236
genoblast
the nucleus of a fertilized ovum
237
spiroscope
a device for measuring lung capacity
238
logopathy
a speech disorder
239
narcolepsy
a sleep disorder
240
actin/o
light
241
amyl/o
starch
242
bar/o
weight, pressure
243
bas/o, basi/o
base
244
bio
life
245
chem/o
chemicals
246
chrono
time
247
coni/o
dust
248
cycl/o
circle, cycle
249
dyna, dynam/o
force, energy
250
echo
reflected sound
251
electr/o
electricity
252
eti/o
cause
253
fibr/o
fiber
254
fluor/o
light, luminous, flourine
255
fungi
fungus
256
galact/o
milk
257
ger/o, geront/o
old age
258
lact/o, lacti
milk
259
lith/o
stone
260
lys/o
destruction
261
necr/o
death, dying
262
noct/i
night
263
nyct/o
night
264
pharmaco
drugs, medicine
265
phyt/o
plant
266
py/o
pus
267
radio
radiation, xray, radius
268
stere/o
three dimensional
269
tel/o, tele/o
distant, end, complete
270
ton/o
tension, pressure
271
toxi, toxic/o, tox/o
poison, toxic
272
troph/o
food, nutrition
273
etiopathology
the study of the cause of abnormality or disease
274
lithotomy
an operation for removal of stones
275
barostat
pressure regulating device
276
echocardiogram
ultrasound recording of the heart
277
trophocyte
a cell that provides nutrition
278
nocturia
urination at night
279
nyctalopia
reduced ability to see at night
280
amylophagia
abnormal craving for starch
281
lactogen
an agent that stimulates milk production
282
electrocardiogram
a graphic record of the hearts electrical currents
283
tonometer
an instrument for measuring pressure
284
phytotoxin
a substance from plants that is similar to a bacterial toxin
285
cineradiography
imaging of an organ in motion
286
biopsy
a sample of tissue from a living patient
287
gerontology
the study of problems of aging
288
pyocyst
a cyst filled with pus
289
chemolysis
a chemical destruction
290
cyclectomy
removal of a part of a ciliary body
291
fungicide
a substance that destorys fungi
292
telophase
the final stage of mitosis or meiosis
293
necrology
study of the cause of death
294
actinotherapy
ultraviolet light therapy used in dermatology
295
dynamometer
instrument for measuing muscular power
296
lysemia
dissolution of red blood cells
297
galactophoritis
inflammation of the milk ducts
298
basophilic
having an affinity for basic dyes
299
radiography
x-ray examination
300
fibroplastic
producing fibrous tissue
301
fluorochrome
fluorescent contrast media
302
chronometry
measurment of time intervals
303
toxipathy
disease due to poisoning
304
pharmacology
science of drugs
305
stereology
study of three dimensional aspects of the cell
306
coniometer
instrument to measure dust
307
# pluralizing rules
words ending in any vowel, or consonant exceot s, x, z or y
add -s
308
# pluralizing rules
words ending in s, x or z
add -es
309
# pluralizing rules
words ending in y preceded by a consonant
remove the y and add -ies
310
# pluralizing rules
words ending in y proceced by a vowel
usually -s
311
# pluralizing rules
latin words ending in x
remove the x and add -ces
312
# pluralizing rules
latin terms ending in a
add -e
313
# pluralizing rules
latin terms ending in a
add -e
314
# pluralizing rules
latin words ending in us
remove the us and add -i
315
# pluralizing rules
greek words ending in on
remove on or add an -a
316
# pluralizing rules
latin words ending in um
Remove um and add -a
317
# pluralizing rules
Greek words ending in sis
change sis to -ses
318
# Abbreviation
a
before
319
# Abbreviation
ac
before meals
320
# abbreviation
AMI
Acute Myocardial Infarction
321
# Abbreviations
bid
twice a day
322
# Abbreviations
BP
Blood pressure
323
# Abbreviation
c/o
complaining of
324
# abbreviation
Ca
cancer/carcinoma
325
# abbreviation
CC
cheif complaint
326
# abbreviation
COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
327
# Abbreviation
CXR
chest x-ray
328
# Abbreviations
DOB
date of birth
329
# Abbreviations
Dx
Diagnosis
330
# Abbreviations
ECG, EKG
Electrocardiogram
331
# Abbreviations
Fx
Fracture
332
# Abbreviations
GI
Gastrointestinal
333
# Abbreviations
h/o
hitsory of
334
# Abbreviations
IM
intramuscular
335
# Abbreviaitons
LAC
laceration
336
# Abbreviations
LOC
level of consciousness
337
# Abbreviations
mcg
microgram
338
# Abbreviations
NKDA
no known drug allergies
339
# Abbreviations
npo
nothing by mouth
340
# Abbreviatons
po
by mouth
341
# Abbreviations
PRN
as needed
342
# Abbreviations
qid
four times a day
343
# Abreviaitons
SOB
shortness of breath
344
# Abbreviaitons
tid
three times a day
345
# Abbreviaitons
Tx
treatment
346
# Abbreviations
w/o
without
347
# abbreviations
WNL
within normal limits
348
