Medical Technologies Flashcards
What are the three major stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase, prophase, and cytokinesis
What are the three distinct phases of interphase? List and describe the changes a cell will go undergo in each phase.
G1 - Metabolically active, continuously grows, does not replicate it’s DNA
S - Cell synthesizes (duplicates) a complete copy of the DNA in it’s nucleus
G2 - Rapid cell growth, protein synthesis, preparation for mitosis
Define unicellular and multicellular
Unicellular - consisting of a single cell
Multicellular - consisting of multiple cells
What is significant about all organisms regardless of them being unicellular or multicellular?
They contain cells that must undergo cell division.
What are the three major reasons that cells undergo cell division?
Growth
Reproduction
Repair
What is mitosis?
Stage of cell cycle which cells are actively dividing
State the four stages of mitosis in order and describe key characteristics or features during each stage.
Prophase - Condensing of chromatin, dissolving of nucleolus and nuclear membrane
Metaphase - Alignment of chromosomes at equator of the cell
Anaphase - Sister chromatids separate from one another, pulled to the poles of the cell by spindle fibers, controlled by centrioles, attached to the centromere of the chromosome
Telophase - Cleavage furrow, reappearance and enlargement of nucleolus, reappearance nuclear membrane
What is cytokinesis?
Splitting of the cytoplasm
Definition of a diploid cell
Definition of a haploid cell
Definition of spindle fibres
Definition of a centromere
Definition of crossing-over
Definition of a daughter cell
Definition of synthesis
