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P2.00 general > Medical symptom terminology > Flashcards

Medical symptom terminology Flashcards

1
Q

proteinuria

A

(protein-uria); protein in the urine

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2
Q

protein in the urine

A

proteinuria

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3
Q

dyslipidemia

A

an abnormal amount of lipids in the blood

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4
Q

an abnormal amount of lipids in the blood

A

dyslipidemia

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5
Q

paraesthesia

A

tingling or pricking (‘pins and needles’) - caused chiefly by pressure on or damage to peripheral nerves

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6
Q

tingling or pricking (‘pins and needles’) - caused chiefly by pressure on or damage to peripheral nerves

A

paraesthesia

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7
Q

galactorrhea

A

a milky nipple discharge unrelated to the normal milk production of breast-feeding

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8
Q

a milky nipple discharge unrelated to the normal milk production of breast-feeding

A

galactorrhea

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9
Q

Amenorrhea

A

when a woman doesn’t have menstrual periods

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10
Q

when a woman doesn’t have menstrual periods

A

Amenorrhea

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11
Q

tachypnoea

A

abnormally rapid breathing.

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12
Q

abnormally rapid breathing.

A

tachypnoea

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13
Q

Polydipsia

A

excessive thirst or excess drinking

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14
Q

excessive thirst or excess drinking

A

Polydipsia

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15
Q

Polyphagia/ hyperphagia

A

more hunger (phag - as in phagocyte - means consume)

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16
Q

more hunger (phag - as in phagocyte - means consume)

A

Polyphagia/ hyperphagia

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17
Q

Polyuria/ diuresis

A

more urine

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18
Q

more urine

A

Polyuria/ diuresis

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19
Q

Orthopnea

A

the sensation of breathlessness when lying down

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20
Q

the sensation of breathlessness when lying down

A

Orthopnea

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21
Q

tachy/ bradycardia

A

fast/ slow HR

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22
Q

fast/ slow HR

A

tachy/ bradycardia

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23
Q

syncope & presyncope

A

fainting or passing out (presyncope is feeling like your going to faint)

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24
Q

fainting or passing out (presyncope is feeling like your going to faint)

A

syncope & presyncope

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25
Q

difficult or laboured breathing.

A

dyspnoea

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26
Q

dyspnoea

A

difficult or laboured breathing.

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27
Q

steatorrhea

A

excess fat in stools

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28
Q

excess fat in stools

A

steatorrhea

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29
Q

paroxysmal ___ (eg. atrial fibrillation)

A

a fit, attack, or sudden increase or recurrence of symptoms (as of a disease); ie. paroxysmal AF lasts for seconds - a week while persistent/chronic AF lasts longer

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30
Q

a fit, attack, or sudden increase or recurrence of symptoms (as of a disease); ie. _______ AF lasts for seconds - a week while persistent/chronic AF lasts longer

A

paroxysmal ___ (eg. atrial fibrillation)

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31
Q

Exophthalmos

A

is a bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit

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32
Q

is a bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit

A

Exophthalmos

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33
Q

Dysarthria

A

difficult/ unclear articulation of speech that is otherwise linguistically normal

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34
Q

difficult/ unclear articulation of speech that is otherwise linguistically normal

A

Dysarthria

35
Q

menorrhagia

A

menstrual periods with abnormally heavy or prolonged bleeding

36
Q

menstrual periods with abnormally heavy or prolonged bleeding

A

menorrhagia

37
Q

hyperaemia

A

the increase of blood flow to different tissues in the body. It can have medical implications but is also a regulatory response

38
Q

the increase of blood flow to different tissues in the body. It can have medical implications but is also a regulatory response

A

hyperaemia

39
Q

Hypervolemia

A

too much fluid in the blood

40
Q

too much fluid in the blood

A

Hypervolemia

41
Q

-rrhoea

A

discharge; flow.

42
Q

dys-

A

bad; difficult (used especially in medical terms).

43
Q

-pnoea

A

associated with a breathing condition

44
Q

tachy-

A

rapid

45
Q

Brady-

A

slow

46
Q

Pyrexia

A

raised body temp

47
Q

emia, as in anaemia or hyperlipidemia or septicaemia

A

in nouns denoting that a substance is present in the blood

48
Q

emesis

A

vomiting

49
Q

vomiting

A

emesis

50
Q

haematemesis

A

vomiting blood

51
Q

vomiting blood

A

haematemesis

52
Q

dyspepsia

A

Indigestion

53
Q

Indigestion

A

dyspepsia

54
Q

pancytopenia

A 
a person has low counts for all three types of blood cells: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. 
//
Pancytopenia is usually due to a problem with the bone marrow that produces the blood cells. However, there can be several different underlying causes.
55
Q

-penia

A

lack of, eg pancytopenia

56
Q

erythema

A

redness of the skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia - Examples of erythema not associated with pathology include nervous blushes.

57
Q

dysphagia

A

swallowing problems

58
Q

Ataxia

A

a degenerative disease of the nervous system. Many symptoms of Ataxia mimic those of being drunk, such as slurred speech, stumbling, falling, and incoordination. These symptoms are caused by damage to the cerebellum, the part of the brain that is responsible for coordinating movement.

59
Q

Hemiparesis

A

or unilateral paresis, is weakness of one entire side of the body (hemi- means “half”). Hemiplegia is, in its most severe form, complete paralysis of half of the body. Hemiparesis and hemiplegia can be caused by different medical conditions, including congenital causes, trauma, tumors, or stroke.

60
Q

nosocomial

A

(of a disease) originating in a hospital

61
Q

Koilonychia

A

also known as spoon nails, is a nail disease that can be a sign of hypochromic anemia, especially iron-deficiency anemia. It refers to abnormally thin nails (usually of the hand) which have lost their convexity, becoming flat or even concave in shape.

62
Q

Halitosis

A

chronic bad breath

63
Q

haemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

64
Q

Postural hypotension

A

(also called orthostatic hypotension) is a condition in which a person’s blood pressure drops abnormally when they stand up after sitting or lying down. Not all people who have this condition have symptoms, but it can lead to dizziness, light-headedness and fainting, and possible falls.

65
Q

striae

A

Stretch marks

66
Q

Catatonic state

A

Catatonia is a state of stupor or unresponsiveness in a person who is otherwise awake. Catatonia can occur in association with a psychiatric disorder, like schizophrenia, or in association with a medical condition such as encephalitis. In some patients, catatonia may be present without a known cause.

67
Q

ataxic gait

A

unsteady walking

68
Q

Fulminant

A

(of a disease or symptom) severe and sudden in onset.

69
Q

melaena

A

the production of dark sticky faeces containing partly digested blood, as a result of internal bleeding or the swallowing of blood.

70
Q

Bruit

A

Bruit, also called vascular murmur, is the abnormal sound generated by turbulent flow of blood in an artery due to either an area of partial obstruction or a localized high rate of blood flow through an unobstructed artery.[4]

71
Q

Hirsutism

A

Hirsutism (HUR-soot-iz-um) is a condition in women that results in excessive growth of dark or coarse hair in a male-like pattern — face, chest and back. With hirsutism, extra hair growth often arises from excess male hormones (androgens), primarily testosterone.

72
Q

macrocytosis

A

the enlargement of red blood cells with near-constant hemoglobin concentration, and is defined by a mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of greater than 100 femtolitres (the precise criterion varies between laboratories).

73
Q

Tenesmus

A

Tenesmus refers to cramping rectal pain. Tenesmus gives you the feeling that you need to have a bowel movement, even if you’ve already had one. When you have tenesmus, you might strain harder to produce only a small amount of stool during bowel movements.

74
Q

normochromic

A

Specialty. Hematology. Normochromic anemia is a form of anemia in which the concentration of hemoglobin in the red blood cells is within the standard range, but there is an insufficient number of red blood cells.

75
Q

uremia

A

Uremia is the condition of having high levels of urea in the blood. Urea is one of the primary components of urine. It can be defined as an excess of amino acid and protein metabolism end products, such as urea and creatinine, in the blood that would be normally excreted in the urine.

76
Q

arthealgia

A

pain in a joint

77
Q

Erythema

A

Erythema (from the Greek erythros, meaning red) is redness of the skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. It occurs with any skin injury, infection, or inflammation. Examples of erythema not associated with pathology include nervous blushes.

78
Q

fecalyths

A

A fecalith is a stone made of feces. It is a hardening of feces into lumps of varying size and may occur anywhere in the intestinal tract but is typically found in the colon. It is also called appendicolith when it occurs in the appendix and is sometimes concomitant with appendicitis.

79
Q

Crepitus

A

Crepitus is the abnormal popping or crackling sound in either a joint or the lungs, which may be faint or loud enough for people to hear. It is often accompanied by a popping or crunching sensation that may sometimes be uncomfortable or painful.

80
Q

bullae

A

A bulla is a fluid-filled sac or lesion that appears when fluid is trapped under a thin layer of your skin. It’s a type of blister. Bullae (pronounced as “bully”) is the plural word for bulla. To be classified as a bulla, the blister must be larger than 0.5 centimeters (5 millimeters) in diameter.

81
Q

friable (cervix)

A

The word “friable” refers to tissue that tears, sloughs, and bleeds more easily when touched. If your cervix tissue becomes overly sensitive and easily irritated, it’s known as a friable cervix

82
Q

gynaecomastia

A

Gynaecomastia is a condition by which males develop breast tissue due to an imbalanced ratio of oestrogen and androgen activity. It is usually a benign disease but breast cancer can develop in about 1% of cases.

83
Q

Epistaxis

A

Epistaxis is defined as acute hemorrhage from the nostril, nasal cavity, or nasopharynx. It is a frequent emergency department (ED) complaint and often causes significant anxiety in patients and clinicians.

84
Q

Pruritus

A

Pruritus or itch is defined as an unpleasant sensation of the skin that provokes the urge to scratch. It is a characteristic feature of many skin diseases and an unusual sign of some systemic diseases. 1, 2. Pruritus may be localized or generalized and can occur as an acute or chronic condition.

P2.00 general (3 decks)

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