Medical Microbiology Flashcards
1
Q
What are examples of normal microbiota ?
A
- indigenous microbiota
- acquisition - often at birth
- resident - mostly commensal
- transient - same location as resident members but cannot persist
2
Q
Define Axenic
A
- free of other living organisms
3
Q
What are the 3 main conditions associated with opportunists pathogens ?
A
- immunosuppression
- alteration in the indigenous microbiota
- presence of normal microbiota organisms in unusual host site
4
Q
Give some examples of portals of entry
A
- broken skin
- ears ,nose, mouth
- conjuctiva of eye
- insect bite
5
Q
Give some examples of portals of exit
A
- broken skin - blood
- tears, nose secretions, saliva
- urine, feces, semen and vaginal secretions
6
Q
Describe types of human carriers of microbes
A
- active disease
- asymptomatic
- healthy carriers
7
Q
Give some examples of nonliving reservoirs of microbes
A
- soil , water & food
8
Q
Give some examples of diseases that can be transmitted via direct contact
A
- impetigo
- carbuncle
- chlamydia infection
9
Q
What are different modes of transmission ?
A
- contact = direct, indirect, droplet
- vehicle = airborne, waterborne, foodborne
- vectors
10
Q
Define vector transmission
A
animals that transmit disease from 1 host to another
11
Q
Who’s most at risk to disease transmission
A
- newborns
- people with skin injuries/surgical woulds/fresh tattoos/piercings
- people with weakened immune systems, diabetes, cancer, vascular, blood or lung disease
- undergoing chemotherapy
