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Medicine HK > Medical Micro Final > Flashcards

Medical Micro Final Flashcards

1
Q

acid fast stain

A

m. tuberculosis

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2
Q

HIV pt. mycobacteria

A

m. avium complex

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3
Q

pharyngitis

A

strep. pyogenes (GAS)

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4
Q

tx for GAS

A

penicillin

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5
Q

invasive disease of newborn; causes meningitis

A

strep. agalactiae (GBS)

* screen pregnant women

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6
Q

strep. viridans pathology

A

endocarditis

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7
Q

gram stain shows encapsulation; bloody sputum

what is the organism?

A

strep. pneumonia

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8
Q

enterococcus is intrinsically resistant to what abx?

A

cephalosporins

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9
Q

how should you treat enterococcus?

A

synergistically - cell wall inhibitor and aminoglycoside

*both must be susceptible

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10
Q

coag. positive - ID the organism

A

staph. aureus

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11
Q

what abx is a MRSA organism resistant to?

A

oxacillin, nafcillin

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12
Q

forms biofilms, common on prosthetics/endocarditis

A

staph. epidermidis

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13
Q

list two organisms that are coag. negative

A

staph. epidermidis

staph. saprophyticus

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14
Q

staph. saprophyticus will most likely cause this infection…

A

UTI

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15
Q

gram positive cocci (list 3)

A

strep
staph
enterococcus (NF GI)

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16
Q

spores; acquired via food poisoning

A

bacillus cereus

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17
Q

spores; acquired via inhalation

A

bacillus anthracis

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18
Q

gram stain - clubs palisading

A

corynebacterium

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19
Q

corynebacterium diphtheriae pathology

A

gray exudates - cutaneous or lungs

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20
Q

corynebacterium jeikeium pathology

A

septicemia with catheters

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21
Q

causes meningitis in neonates, elderly, and immunocompromised pts

A

listeria monocytogenes

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22
Q

gram positive rod/bacilli (list 4)

A

bacillus
corynebacterium
listeria monocytogenes
clostridium (anaerobic)

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23
Q

fastidious and always a pathogen; plate at bedside

A

neisseria

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24
Q

causes purulent discharge; can affect joints in young adults

A

neisseria gonorrhea

*only do a gram stain in males

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25
Q

causes meningitis, ppl can be nasopharyngeal carriers

A

neisseria meningitis

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26
Q

OM etiologic organism

A

moraxella catarrhalis

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27
Q

gram negative diplococci (list two)

A

neisseria

moraxella catarrhalis

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28
Q

gram stain - encapsulation; causes meningitis and OM

A

haemophilus influenzae

*culture on chocolate agar

29
Q

What two organisms show encapsulation on gram stain?

A

strep. pneumonia

haemophilus influenzae

30
Q

What specimen should you collect when pt has whooping cough?

A

nasopharyngeal specimen

31
Q

What organism causes whooping cough?

A

bordetella pertussis

32
Q

causes pontiac fever and legionnaires pneumonia

A

legionella species

33
Q

What agar should you use to culture legionella?

A

charcoal agar

34
Q

What specimen should you collect if you suspect legionella?

A

BAL

35
Q

gram negative coccobacilli (list 3)

A

haemophilus influenzae
bordetella pertussis
legionella species

36
Q

forms spores, causes muscle paralysis

A

clostridium botulinum

37
Q

honey and home canning; floppy baby

A

clostridium botulinum

38
Q

causes tetanus

A

clostridium tetani

39
Q

causes pseudomembranous colitis

A

clostridium difficile

40
Q

gram stain shows large rectangular rods with lack of inflammatory cells; pt has watery diarrhea and NO fever; what organism do you suspect?

A

clostridium perfringens

41
Q

anaerobic organisms (list 2)

A

clostridium

bacteroides

42
Q

organisms that form spores (list 2)

A

clostridium

bacillus

43
Q

enterobacteriaceae as a group are glucose (fermenting or non?) and oxidase (pos or neg?)

A

glucose fermenting

oxidase negative

44
Q

NLF GNR

A

proteus
serratia marcescens
morganella

45
Q

LF GNR

A

e.coli
citrobacter
klebsiella
enterobacter

46
Q 
#1 cause of UTI
can cause meningitis in neonates
A

e. coli

47
Q

sputum described as currant jelly; mucoid colonies on culture

A

klebsiella

48
Q

opportunistic pathogens that can cause UTIs and bacteremia (list 2)

A

citrobacter

enterobacter

49
Q

organism is a strong urea hydrolyzer;

alkaline pH; renal calculi

A

proteus

50
Q

watery/bloody diarrhea; can cause HUS

A

e.coli 0157:H7

51
Q

stool shows WBCs and mucus

A

shigella

52
Q

stool negative for WBCs; culture has a black precipitate

A

salmonella (H2S+)

53
Q

when pt has a fever and travel history…

A

salmonella typhi

*can cause enteric fever or typhoid fever

54
Q

etiologic agent for blood transfusion bacteremia

A

yersinia entercolitica

55
Q

causes bubonic and pneumonic plague

A

yersinia pestis

56
Q

what agar differentiates lactose fermentation?

A

MaConkey agar

57
Q

what organism do you suspect if a colony is blue/green on hektoen enteric agar?

A

shigella

58
Q

has a green pigment and grape smell

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

59
Q

NLF GNR oxidase positive

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

60
Q

gram stain shows “plump pairs”

organism is NF of skin and vaginal tract

A

acinetobacter

61
Q

wound infections in Iraq

A

acinetobacter baumanii

62
Q

GNR with ammonia odor

A

stenotrophomonas maltophilia

63
Q

NLF GNR oxidase negative (list 2)

A

acinetobacter

stenotrophomonas

64
Q

most commonly isolated anaerobe; infected wounds, abscess, sepsis

A

bacteroides fragilis

65
Q

GNR and anaerobic

A

bacteroides fragilis

66
Q

budding yeast with pseudohyphae

A

candida albicans

67
Q

budding yeast with polysaccharide capsule

A

crytococcus neoformans

68
Q

dichotomous branching seen on gomori methenamine silver stain

A

aspergillus sp.

Medicine HK (2 decks)

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