Medical Issues Flashcards
How do we acquire disabilities?
- Prenatally (before)
- Perinatally (during)
- Postnatally (after)
What affects us prenatally?
- alcohol, drugs, smoking
- leads to low birth weight
What affects us perinatally?
- anoxia (low oxygen)
- prolonged labor
- injury from medical instruments (forceps)
What affects us postnatally?
- head injuries
- poor nutrition
- environmental factors (lead poisoning)
What does the right and left hemisphere of the brain control?
rt- non-verbal stimuli
lf- language-related stimuli
What are the Four Hemispheric Lobes/functions?
- Temporal: auditory
- Frontal: abstract thinking, gross motor, speech (Broca’s Area)
- Parietal: tactile sensations (Wernicke’s Area)
- Occipital: vision/perception
What does Postmortem show us?
- abnormalities in planum temporale
- smaller brain with fewer cells
What do Genetics of LD show us?
- inheritability
- twin studies
What does computed tomography(CT) show us?
-computerized x-rays
What does Position-emission tomography (PET) show us?
- measures brain at work
- blood flow to regions highlighted by radioactive compounds
What do Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FMRI) show us?
-view regions of the brain during activity
What are Soft Signs?
- possible indications of developmental delay in young children
- need to be monitored
- DOES NOT MEAN IT IS A DISABILITY
What are soft sign tests for Visual-motor skills?
copying various geometric designs
What are soft sign tests for Fine Motor skills?
finger agnosia (which is being touched) dexterity
What are soft sign tests for Gross Motor skills?
hopping
tandem walking
standing on one foot
Who are the doctors?
- Pediatrics
- Neurologist
- Ophthalmologist
- Otologist
- Psychiatrist
- PT
What is CNS?
central nervous system
What is ADHD?
Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder
What are the ADHD support groups?
CHADD
ADDA
AD-IN
What are the characteristics of ADHD?
inattention- inability to concentrate
impulsivity- responds quickly w/out thinking
hyperactivity- constant motor activity
What are symptoms throughout life?
Early- problems sitting still
Young- restless, fidgety
Teens- inattention, depression
Adults- problems w/ organization, social relationships and jobs
Although not identified under IDEIA, where can ADHD be placed?
OHI, LD, or ED
What are some ways to help children with ADHD?
effective instruction behavior management strategies family/child counseling home management medication
Debate about meds?
- prescribed 96.4% of cases
- dosage needs to be monitored until ‘perfect’
- involves psychostimulant medication
- stimulates production of neurotransmitters
What are some types of meds?
- ritalin/dexedrine: 3-5hours, wears off during day
- concerta: time released
- strattera: non-psychostimulant
- anti-depressants or antihypertensives
What is the Rebound Effect?
the child’s symptoms can become more problematic than usual when meds wear off
What are some diet related treatments?
- remove food additives
- control blood sugar levels
- treatment for allergies
