MEDICAL IMAGE DATA Flashcards
It is a set of techniques that noninvasively produce images of the internal aspect of the body
MEDICAL IMAGE
It is related to how pretty an image is but how well it conveys anatomical/functional info
IMAGE QUALITY
What are the parameters of image quality?
Spatial Resolution Convolution Blurring Contrast Resolution Accuracy & Precision
It relates to how small an object can be seen on a particular imaging system
SPATIAL RESOLUTION
Uses mathematical components of image reconstruction
CONVOLUTION
Spatial Resolution of an image produced by an optical device
BLURRING
Refers to the ability to detect very subtle changes in grayscale
CONTRAST RESOLUTION
Difference between accuracy and precision
Accuracy - how one gets close to the truth
Precision - description of the variation, scatter or reproductibility
Sources of Image Noise
Grain Electronic Structured Anatomical Quantum
What type of image noise has an increase in the density of reduced silver grains when the radiographic film is exposed and processed?
Grain noise
This noise refers to the added electrons in the signal that are not the result of signal detection events
electronic noise
In this noise, each channel uses its own amplifier circuits. Therefore groups of detector elements that are read out may have different offset noise
Structured noise
It is a pattern on an image generated by patient anatomy that’s always present but not important for diagnosis
Anatomical noise
appreciable noise in image results due to low numbers of quanta
quantum noise
what is quanta
any number of particles or objects that can be counted
It is a representation of the internal structure or function of an anatomic region
Medical Image
What forms do medical images take?
Pixels and voxels
What are the 2 image data formats?
- Standardize the images generated by diagnostic modalities
2. Born with the aim to facilitate & strengthen post-processing analysis
2 ways on how medical images are stored
- stored in a single file that contains both metadata and image
- stores metadata in 1 file and image data in a second one
4 kinds of image data formats
Analyze, MINC, Nifti, DICOM
What was created in the 1980s and where was it created?
Analyze 7.5, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (Minnesota), USA
It is the standard “de facto” for the medical imaging post-processing
Analyze
Analyze has been designed for ___________?
multidimensional data
What was created at the beginning of the 2000s and who created it?
NIFTI, National Institute of Health
What does NIFTI mean?
Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative
It creates a format for neuroimaging maintaining the advantages of Analyze but eliminating its weakness
NIFTI
What is included in nifti?
support
What was developed in 1992 and where?
MINC, Montreal Neurological Institute
Purpose of MINC is to?
provide a flexible data format for medical imaging
it is the first version based on the standard network common data format
MINC1
It is the backbone of every medical imaging department
DICOM
When and where was DICOM created?
1993, American College of Radiology
Meaning of DICOM
Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine
Radiography was also called?
Roentgenography
