Medical Exam Medications Flashcards
Succinylcholine MoA
Prolongs depolarization of the muscle end plate.
Succinylcholine Indication
RSI
Succinylcholine Dose
1.5mg/kg
Succinylcholine Onset
30-60 seconds
Succinylcholine Duration
4-10 minutes
Succinylcholine Contraindication
Allergy, HyperK, 7days post crush injury, 24 hours post burn
Rocuronium MoA
Non-Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker
Rocuronium Indication
Paralytic
Rocuronium Dose
1mg/kg IV
Rocuronium Onset
60 seconds
Rocuronium Duration
40-60 minutes
Rocuronium Contraindication
Allergy
Etomidate MoA
Sedative Hypnotic. Depresses the activity of the brain stem reticular system.
Etomidate Indication
RSI; Sedation prior to cardioversion
Etomidate Dose
0.3mg/kg
Etomidate Onset
10-60 seconds
Etomidate Duration
3-5 minutes
Etomidate Contraindications
Allergy, Not recommended if pregnant.
Ketamine MoA
Dissociative Anesthetic
Ketamine Indication
RSI; Excited Delirium
Ketamine Dose
1-2mg/kg IV, 4-5mg/kg IM for RSI; 5-10mg/kg IM for Excited Delirium
Ketamine Onset
30 seconds IV; 3-4 minutes IM
Ketamine Duration
5-10 minutes IV; 12-25 minutes IM
Ketamine Contraindications
Severe Hypertension, Severe Hyperthermia (consider cooling)
Toradol MoA
Inhibits Prostaglandin synthesis
Toradol Indication
Kidney Stones
Toradol Dose
15-30mg IV, 30-60mg IM (Half dose if over 65)
Toradol Onset
45-60 minutes
Toradol Duration
4-6 hours
Toradol Contraindication
Allergy to NSAID’s, Bleeding disorders, renal impairment, Nursing Mothers, and any anti-Coagulant use.
Lasix MoA
Non-Potassium sparing loop diuretic
Lasix Indication
Pulmonary Edema
Lasix Dose
20-80mg IV or twice pt’s normal dose
Lasix Onset
5-10 minutes for preload reduction, 30 minutes for diuresis onset
Lasix Duration
4-6 hours
Lasix Contraindication
Hypovolemia, allergy, electrolyte imbalance
Morphine MoA
Narcotic Analgesic
Morphine Indication
Severe Pain
Morphine Dose
2mg q 2min up to 10mg
Morphine Onset
5 min IV, 10-30 min IM
Morphine Duration
4-5 hours
Morphine Contraindication
Allergy, Head drauma, ALOC, BP <100
Fentanyl MoA
Narcotic Analgesic
Fentanyl Indication
Severe Pain
Fentanyl Dose
50mcg IV q 5-10min max 200mcg; 25mcg q 2-3min up to 100mcg for cardiac emergencies
Fentanyl Onset
1 minute
Fentanyl Duration
30-60 minutes
Fentanyl Contraindications
BP <100, Allergy, ICP, ALOC, Liver or Renal insufficiencies
Benadryl MoA
H1 blocker
Benadryl Indication
Allergic reaction, Anaphylaxis (as an adjunct to epi), Dystonia
Benadryl Dose
25-50mg
Benadryl Onset
Immediate
Benadryl Duration
6-8 hours
Benadryl Contraindications
Allergy, Asthma
Epinepharine MoA
Beta adrenergic and alpha stimulator
Epinepharine Indication
Anaphylatic shock, Cardiac Arrest, Severe allergic reaction, Status Asthmaticus, Bradycardia, Croup, Upper airway obstruction edema
Epinepharine Dose
Cardiac 1mg IV 1:10,000; Anaphalaxis 0.3mg IM 1:1,000
Epinepharine Onset
Immediate
Epinepharine Duration
1-4 hours
Epinepharine Contraindications
chest pain
Solu-Medrol MoA
Adrenocortical steroid
Solu-Medrol Indication
Asthma/COPD exacerbation; Anaphylaxis
Solu-Medrol Dose
125mg IV
Solu-Medrol Onset
1-4 hours
Solu-Medrol Duration
7 days
Solu-Medrol Contraindication
Allergy
Albuterol MoA
Beta 2 Agonist
Albuterol Indication
Bronchospasm, Allergic Reaction, Asthma, COPD, Hyper K, Crush Injury
Albuterol Dose
2.5mg in 3cc NS nebulized
Albuterol Onset
5 minutes
Albuterol Duration
3-4 hours
Albuterol Contraindications
Allergy, Tachycardia
Atrovent MoA
Acetylcholine Antagonist
Atrovent Indication
Bronchospasm due to reactive airway diseases
Atrovent Dose
0.5mg nebulized
Atrovent Onset
15-30 minutes
Atrovent Duration
5-7 hours
Atrovent Contraindications
Allergy
Magnesium Sulfate MoA
Replaces magnesium, interferes with acetylcholine release at the myoneural junction
Magnesium Sulfate Indication
Seizures, Torsades de Pointes, Respiratory distress, Ventricular arrhythmias due to dig toxicity and tricyclic overdoses
Magnesium Sulfate Dose
Antiarrhythmic 2mg IV, Eclampsia 2-4mg IV
Slow Push
Magnesium Sulfate Onset
1-2 minutes
Magnesium Sulfate Duration
30 minutes
Magnesium Sulfate Contraindications
Renal failure, Hypocalcemia
D50 MoA
Replaces Glucose levels
D50 Indications
Hypoglycemia, Crush Injury
D50 Dose
50ml of D50 (25g)
D50 Onset
Immediate
D50 Duration
Unknown
D50 Contraindications
Increased ICP, Hyperglycemia
Oral Glucose MoA
Absorbed in intestine, replaces sugar levels
Oral Glucose Indications
Hypoglycemia
Oral Glucose Dose
“One Tube”
Oral Glucose Onset
30-60 minutes
Oral Glucose Duration
“Hours”
Oral Glucose Contraindications
Unconsciousness, unable to swallow
Glucagon MoA
Causes the liver to release glycogen which is converted to glucose
Glucagon Indication
Hypoglycemia, Beta-Blocker or Calcium Channel blocker OD
Glucagon Dose
1mg IM
Glucagon Onset
1 minute IV; 10 minutes IM
Glucagon Duration
25 minutes IV; 30 minutes IM
Glucagon Contraindications
Allergy
NTG MoA
Dilates coronary arteries
NTG Indications
Chest pain, CHF with pulmonary edema
NTG Dose
0.4mg SL
NTG Onset
1-3 minutes
NTG Duration
30-60 minutes
NTG Contraindications
Allergy, BP less than 100, Use of ED drugs
Lidocaine MoA
Somehow prevents increased ICP (maybe)
Lidocaine Indication
Increased ICP
Lidocaine Dose
1.5mg/kg
Lidocaine Onset
Immediate
Lidocaine Duration
10-20 minutes
Lidocaine Contraindications
Allergy, Heart blocks
Atropine MoA
Decreases Body secreations
Atropine Indication
Organophosphate Poisoning
Atropine Dose
1mg IV q 1 minute up to 10mg
Atropine Onset
Immediate
Atropine Duration
4 hours
Atropine Contraindication
None for Organophosphate (I think)
Versed MoA
Hypnotic sedative amnesiac anticonvulsant
Versed Indication
Seizures, Sedation
Versed Dose
2mg increments to a max of 0.1mg/kg or 10mg (whichever is less)
Versed Onset
1.5-5 min IV, 2-6 min IN, 15min IM
Versed Duration
2-6 hours
Versed Contraindications
Allergy
Valium MoA
Depresses the central nervous system
Valium Indication
Seziure, Sedation
Valium Dose
2-10mg IV/IO/IM
Valium Onset
1-5 minutes
Valium Duration
15-60 minutes
Valium Contraindications
Allergy, CNS depressant use
Prednisone MoA
Decreases inflammation
Prednisone Indication
Reactive Airway Disease
Prednisone Dose
60mg PO
Prednisone Onset
unknown
Prednisone Duration
Unknown
Prednisone Contraindications
Systemic fungal infections
