Medical Emergency Tasks Flashcards
The hallmark sign of thrombocytopenia purpura is platelet levels and the presence
of
below 150,000 cells/mm3 ; petechiae and purpura.
The prothrombin time (PT) is a measure of the_______pathway of coagulation (reference
PT measures factors__________ and may be elevated
in a patient actively bleeding.
extrinsic; range 12 to 15 second; II, V, VII, X, and fibrinogen
Which of the following would indicate a positive tuberculin skin test (PPD) for a patient WITHOUT human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection?
Induration of 10 mm
__________ is considered a positive test for a patient with HIV.
Induration of 5mm
Hypokalemia, OR hyperkalemia, would cause a patient to become digoxin (Lanoxin) toxic? which one?
HYPOKALEMIA
Renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and creatinine clearance are ________in
advanced age.
decreased
An age-specific consideration for the pediatric patient with sickle cell disease is that
the incidence of ischemic stroke is increased.
T/F
According to the CDC, children with sickle cell disease should get all the regular childhood vaccines, plus the
flu vaccine every year after age 6 months , a pneumococcal vaccine at ages 2 and 5, and some
should get a meningococcal vaccine.
True
A fear of which of the following should be anticipated in a 4-year-old needing sutures after falling down the stairs:
body mutilation
Stranger anxiety starts after age
6 months and continues to age 3.
Amitryptyline (Elavil) is a tricyclic antidepressant and may to _________achieve the therapeutic effect of a decrease in pain. High doses can lead to __________.
take up to 3 weeks ; High dosages can lead to electrocardiogram changes, tachycardias, and dysrhythmias; is a tricyclic antidepressant and should be taken nightly at bedtime.
Patients with elevated glucose levels, decreased level of consciousness, elevations in osmolality, along with acidosis and dehydration would be suspect for______ ________ or deep gasping rapid respirations, are also common in patients as a compensatory measure to decrease carbon dioxide levels.
diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Kussmaul,
Patients with SIADH, or hypersecretion of the antidiuretic hormone, would demonstrate a
decreased urinary output, confusion, lethargy, and decreased sodium levels.
Which of the following electrolyte abnormalities would you expect to find in a patient in
adrenal crisis?
HYPERKALEMIA
Patients with adrenal disease are no longer able to regulate the proper amount of ________
to maintain sodium and water retention by the kidneys. When the aldosterone level drops, sodium and water are then lost, potassium retained. This leads to elevation in _________
aldosterone; potassium
Patients with adrenal disease are unable to retain sodium due to low levels of aldosterone
production, thereby leading to
leading to hyponatremia.
Low levels of mineralocorticoid production leads to _________
hypocalcemia.
Patients with Addison’s
disease have ____ cortisol production.
low
Serum alkaline phosphatase _______ with hyperthyroidism
elevated
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is a thyroid function study that is_________ with
hyperthyroidism
decreased
Thyroxine (T4) is a thyroid function study that is ________ with hyperthyroidism.
elevated
3-year-old child presents with a 1-week history of fever, rash, loss of appetite, cough, and
runny nose. The nurse notes a red rash to the forehead, eyes, ears, and trunk with tiny bluish
white spots to the mouth and throat. The nurse suspects:
Rubeola (red measles).
_________are a classic presentation for rubeola, and appear as bluish-white spots to
the mouth and throat 1 to 4 days before the rash fully appears over the body
Koplik’s spots
________ presents as a red rash that starts in the face and spreads to the trunk and extremities. The other classic presentation for rubella is swollen lymph nodes at the base and sides
of the neck. The rash lasts _______only, but the child is still contagious 1 week prior to the outbreak of the rash.
Rubella; 2 to 3 days
______________classic presentation is a flat, reddish rash most prominently on the back
and trunk. The rash can take as long as ________to appear after initial exposure incidence of fever and irritability. The rash usually lasts ______
Roseola infantum’s 5 to 15 days; 1 to 2 days
________overdose or polypharmacy can lead to a dangerous potentially lifethreatening
cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea, increased salivation,
diaphoresis, bradycardia, flushed skin, and hypotension. This can lead to _________and_______especially if the respiratory muscle weakness is severe.
Donepezil (Aricept); respiratory
depression and cardiopulmonary arrest
________ is a neurotransmitter inhibitor that decreases the effects of_________ the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. It may reduce deterioration of
Alzheimer’s symptoms.
Memantine (Namenda); glutamate,
Teaching points for Mononucleosis viral infection
Kissing on the mouth should be avoided due to the potential for sharing the virus. The usual
transmission of mononucleosis is person to person by the oropharyngeal route, with a 30 to 50 day incubation period. Due to the possibility of splenomegaly with mononucleosis, heavy lifting and contact
sports should be avoided for at least 4 weeks. Enlargement of the spleen may lead to increased
likelihood of splenic injury.
Patients with __________are highly susceptible to infection. The development of an infection
can be deadly to a patient with leukemia. Placing the patient in reverse isolation and limiting close contact with others will decrease the risk of infection.
leukemia
