Cardiovascular

Question 1

Sudden onset of tearing chest pain could indicate an

Answer 1

Aortic dissection

Question 2

Patients with aortic
dissection frequently have unequal upper extremity blood pressure readings, with
a difference of systolic________mmHg or more

Answer 2

20 mmHg or more

Question 3

The electrocardiogram reveals normal sinus rhythm with ST-segment elevation in leads V2 through V4, What area of the heart is the infarct?

Answer 3

Anterior

Question 4

Which cardiac syndrome displays T-wave changes plus a history of anginal chest pain without
serum marker abnormalities?

Answer 4

Wellen’s syndrome

Question 5

Classic Definition of Wellen’s syndrome

Answer 5

Lack Q waves and significant ST-segment elevation. and Critical , proximal left anterior descending (LAD) artery stenosis.

Question 6

A primary goal of therapy for a patient with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is:

Answer 6

identification of criteria for early reperfusion therapy.

Question 7

__________are the most common cause of ACS.

Answer 7

Unstable plaques

Question 8

___________ is the preferred treatment for symptomatic bradycardia, especially
in patients with acute myocardial infarction because in MI __________ can worsen the ischemia: ___________should be considered only if pacing is delayed and the bradycardia is refractory
to atropine

Answer 8

Transcutaneous pacing; Atropine; Dopamine

Question 9

A patient with an (ICD) becomes unresponsive with
the monitor showing a wide complex tachycardia. After beginning CPR, which of the following
interventions is most appropriate to manage this patient?

Answer 9

Proceed with external defibrillation.

Question 10

What elevated lab value supports the diagnosis of congestive heart failure?

Answer 10

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)

Question 11

_______ control is the primary goal in patients with
atrial fibrillation.It is critical to identify the_________atrial fibrillation as recommendations vary depending upon this.

Answer 11

Rate control ; time of onset

Question 12

Which of the following is the physician likely to order to determine if the pacemaker battery needs to be changed?

Answer 12

A Magnet

Question 13

The primary sign of instability associated with a tachydysrhythmia in the pediatric population
is:

Answer 13

Respiratory distress or failure.

Question 14

A 15-lead electrocardiogram indicates a right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI). The
nurse knows that administration of nitrates may lead to:

Answer 14

Severe HYPOTENSION

Question 15

Which sign or symptom of acute coronary syndrome is often reported by elderly patients?

Answer 15

A feeling of dyspnea

Question 16

In elderly patients ages 85 or older, _______not chest pain, is the single most common presenting symptom of angina.

Answer 16

Dyspnea

Question 17

What cardiac biomarker is most commonly utilized to measure cardiac damage?

Answer 17

Troponin I

Question 18

____________is not a commonly used marker to measure myocardial tissue damage;
however, it is a promising new cardiac marker.

Answer 18

Albumin cobalt binding

Question 19

A patient’s blood pressure is being monitored via a radial arterial line. The waveform is
dampened and the reading does not correlate with the patient’s condition. Which action
can the nurse take to assure accuracy of the arterial pressure reading?

Answer 19

Observe the system for air bubbles and flush out through the closest port.

Question 20

Arterial Line, ___________is a common cause of inaccurate readings. The transducer should
be positioned at the____________ , or the
level of the right atrium). If the transducer is______ the level of the right atrium, the reading
will be artificially high; if the transducer is the level of the right atrium, the reading will
be artificially low.

Answer 20

Transducer malposition: phlebostatic axis (fourth intercostal space and mid-axillary line ; below; above

Question 21

_______________on the electrocardiogram and symptomatology are characteristic
of Pericarditis. The patient feels better

Answer 21

Diffuse ST Segment elevation; sitting forward

Question 22

Which of the following consequences is implied by the term?

Answer 22

“loss of atrial kick”?

Question 23

__________is one of the most common causes of the loss of atrial kick

Answer 23

Atrial fibrillation

Question 24

The term __________ refers to the enhanced cardiac output that occurs when both the atria
beat simultaneously. Loss of atrial kick will decrease the ________volume

Answer 24

atrial kick; stroke volume.

Question 25

A patient with a recent diagnosis of MI presents to the ED with complaints of severe chest pain that increases with inspiration and increased activity, fever,
chills, and dyspnea. Which of the following conditions is the likely cause of the current signs and symptoms?

Answer 25

Pericarditis

Question 26

Which of the following treatments would be indicated for an emergency department patient with a plasma digoxin (Lanoxin) level of 5.2 ng/mL (normal level < 2.6 ng/mL)?

Answer 26

Digibind (digoxin immune fab)

Question 27

True or False:Although elevated digoxin levels may cause bradycardia, atropine usually is not effective
for digitalis-induced bradycardias.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

After administering tenecteplase (TNK-ase) to a patient having an acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), which of the following should the nurse assess to indicate that the medication has been effective?

Answer 28

Resolution of ST-segment elevation and possible appearance of dysrhythmias