Mediation: General Info Flashcards
Anticholinergics
Used to induce dryness in mucous membranes - decrease in oral secretions
I.e., atropine given before surgery
ACE Inhibitors
Use: anti- HTN
-PRIL
ACE inhibitor side effects/ nursing considerations
Side effects
- angioedema
- hacking cough
- hypotension
- monitor electrolyte levels, K, creatinine
- monitor v/s and WBC
ARBs
Use: HTN for pt who c/o cough linked to ACE inhibitor usage
- SARTAN
ARB side effects and nursing considerations
Side effects
- cough
- depression
- diarrhea
- impotence
- insomnia
- neutropenia
- muscle cramps
- dizziness
- n/v
Nursing:
- monitor BUN
- teach pt check daily for lower extremity edema
- creatinine, electrolyte and hydration monitoring
Anticoagulants
Action: thin blood
Use: DVT, MI, PE, thrombolytic disease; after coronary artery bypass surgery
-PARIN
Anticoagulant side effects and nursing considerations
Side effects:
- alopecia
- bleeding
- dermatitis
- fever
- hematuria
- pruitis
- stomatitis
Nursing:
- blood studies every 3 months - hct and occult blood
- signs of infection or bleeding
- monitor platelet count - low platelets can lead to abnormal bleeding
Heparin sodium
PTT check
Therapeutic level are 1.5-2 times the control
Antidote: protamine sulfate
Warfarin
Monitor PT
Therapeutic PT 1.5-2.5 times the control; INR 2-3
Antidote: vitamin K - avoid green leafy veggies
Anti-infectives (AMINOGLYCOSIDES)
Use: kill infection or stop spread; usually for MRSA
-CIN or -MYCIN
Aminoglycoside side effects/ nursing considerations
Side effects
- blood dycrasias
- hypotension
- nephrotoxicity
- ototoxicity
- rash
- seizures
Nursing:
- monitor urinary and hearing function, therapeutic levels
- allergy hx
AntiVIRals
Use: AIDs, chickenpox, shingles, cytomegalovirus, RSV
- VIR
Antiviral side effects and nursing considerations
Side effects
- diarrhea
- n/v
- OLIGURIA
- proteinuria
- vaginitis
- CNS issues: tremors, confusion, seizures, severe sedation/anemia
Nursing: monitor liver profile, bowel movements, signs of infection, creatinine level; teach pt to report rash
Benzodiazepines
Use: anti anxiety or anti convulsants
- PAM
- PATE
- LAM
NOTE: ALL BENZOS contain ‘azo’ or ‘aze’ WITHIN THE NAME
Benzodiazepine side effects and nursing considerations
Side effects
- ataxia
- bradycardia, depression, constipation, diplopia
- drowsiness, hypotension, incontinence, restlessness, urticaria
- lethargy, nystagmus, rash, urinary retention, slurred speech
Nursing:
- monitor liver function, kidney function, bone marry function
- monitor respirations and signs of abuse
Beta adrenergic blockers
Use: lower BP, pulse, and CO
-OLOL
Beta blocker side effects and nursing considerations
Side effects:
- MASKS HYPOGLYCEMIA
- BRONCHOSPASM
- bradycardia
- diarrhea
- n/v
Nursing:
- taper off medication, rise slowly
- monitor BP, HR, rhythm
- monitor for rhonchi and rales (bronchospasm)
- monitor for nephrotic syndrome (BUN, creatinine)
