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Question 1

SDS

Answer 1

Safety Data Sheet; a 16-section information guide that pertains to a particular chemical. Sections outline chemical properties and hazards, first-aid measures, environmental toxicity, and more. SDSs should be in compliance with GHS standards. SDSs were previously called Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs), but this has since phased out to be just SDS.

Question 2

Answer 2

Explosives. Self-reactives. Organic Peroxides.

Question 3

Answer 3

Compressed Gas.
Gasses under Pressure.

Question 4

Answer 4

Acute Toxicity.
Skin and Eye Irritant
Respiratory Irritant
Narcotic effects
Hazardous to Ozone Layer

Question 5

Answer 5

Corrosive
Skin Corrosion / Burns
Eye Damage
Corrosive to Metals

Question 6

Answer 6

Health Hazard
Carcinogen
Mutagenicity
Reproductive Toxicity
Target Organ Toxicity
Respiratory Sensitizer

Question 7

Answer 7

Oxidizing.
Oxidizers

Question 8

Answer 8

Environmental
Aquatic Toxicity

Question 9

NFPA

Answer 9

National Fire Protection Association

Question 10

Answer 10

NFPA Hazard Label:
Fire hazards (red diamond)
Health hazards (blue diamond)
Reactivity hazards (yellow diamond)
Special hazards related to a chemical (white diamond)
The red, blue, and yellow diamonds use a numbering system from 0 - 4 to indicate the severity of each fire, health, and reactivity hazard, respectively. “0” indicates no hazard, and “4” indicates the most severe hazard.

Question 11

TLV

Answer 11

threshold limit value

Question 12

threshold limit value

Answer 12

The amount of the chemical to which you can be exposed before possible danger

Question 13

If you splash a chemical in your eyes, what is the MINIMUM length of time that you should rinse your eyes in tepid water at the eyewash station?

Answer 13

The minimum time is 15 minutes. Once you have activated the eyewash, hold your eyelids open and roll your eyeballs so fluid will flow on all surfaces of the eye and under the eyelid. Continue this for at least 15 minutes under a steady flow of tepid water. Tepid water is defined to be water between 60°F (16°C) and 100°F (38°C).

Question 14

A MAJOR SPILL of a chemical listed as a potential carcinogen has occurred. How should you handle this?

Answer 14

CLSI document GP17-A3 (2012) defines a major spill as “A spill that spreads rapidly, presents an inhalation hazard, endangers people or the environment, and/or involves personal injury or rescue and should be handled as an emergency by the department of public safety, fire department, or hazmat team.”
A major spill of a hazardous chemical should only be handled by trained personnel. Follow your laboratory’s procedures for hazardous materials emergency response.
Do not attempt to clean up the material yourself, even though cleanup procedures are included in the chemical’s SDS.

Question 15

True or False
OSHA regulations for formaldehyde can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, 29-CFR 1910.1048.

Answer 15

TRUE. 29-CFR 1910.1048 contains regulations about the permissible employee exposure limits, monitoring requirements, personal protective equipment requirements, and other safety requirements (see pg. 7, Relevant OSHA Standards).

Question 16

Permissible Limits for Formaldehyde Exposure

Answer 16

Table 1. Permissible Limits for Formaldehyde Exposure.
Limit Definition
PEL = 0.75 ppm Permissible Exposure Limit for an eight-hour time weighted average (TWA).
STEL = 2.0 ppm Short Term Exposure Limit for a 15-minute exposure.
Action Level = 0.5 ppm Action Level for an eight-hour time weighted average (TWA).

Question 17

Classes of Fire

Answer 17

Class A - Ordinary combustibles, including wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and many plastics
Class B - Flammable liquids (burn at room temperature) and combustible liquids (need heat to ignite), including gasoline, kerosene, and oil
Class C - electrical fires

Question 18

Types of fire extinguishers used to extinguish a class A fire

Answer 18

General purpose, pressurized dry chemical ABC extinguisher
Water extinguisher
Important comments:
Water extinguishers are NOT appropriate for use in some healthcare settings, such as the laboratory, due to the presence of B and C ignition sources.
Class A fires tend to smolder for long periods of time.
ABC extinguishers are the BEST all-around choice for extinguishing a class A fire, but leaves a messy blanket of non-flammable material that is potentially abrasive and can be corrosive to metal.
ABC extinguishers are NOT recommended for use around computers or sensitive equipment.

Question 19

Types of fire extinguishers used to extinguish a class B fire

Answer 19

Class B fires involve flammable liquids (including solvents and grease) and flammable gases (natural and manufactured).
Types of fire extinguishers used to extinguish a class B fire:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) extinguisher
General purpose, pressurized dry chemical ABC extinguisher
Important comments:
NEVER use water on a class B or C fire; this will only increase the hazard.
A fire involving electrical equipment reverts to a Class A or Class B fire IF the electricity is turned off at the source.
CO2 may be preferred because it does not leave a corrosive residue.
CO2 extinguishers can become extremely cold and cause cold burns if not handled properly.

Question 20

Types of fire extinguishers used to extinguish a class C fire

Answer 20

Class C is a fire involving energized electrical equipment where safety to the employee requires the use of electrically nonconductive extinguishing media.
Types of fire extinguishers used to extinguish a class C fire:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) extinguisher
General purpose, pressurized dry chemical ABC extinguisher
Important comments:
NEVER use water on a class B or C fire; this will only increase the hazard.
A fire involving electrical equipment reverts to a Class A or Class B fire IF the electricity is turned off at the source.
CO2 may be preferred because it does not leave a corrosive residue.
CO2 extinguishers can become extremely cold and cause cold burns if not handled properly.

Question 21

What are Class D fires?

Answer 21

Class D fires involve combustible metals such as magnesium, potassium, or titanium. A special powder is used to extinguish this type of fire.

Question 22

What are Class K fires?

Answer 22

Class K are fires that occur in cooking appliances and involve combustible cooking media such as vegetable oils or animal fats.

Question 23

To use a fire extinguisher, remember the acronym

Answer 23

PASS. This stands for:
PULL the pin
AIM the hose at the base of the fire
SQUEEZE the lever
SWEEP the hose from side to side

Question 24

acronym that helps staff to remember the proper steps in the correct order when responding to a fire emergency

Answer 24

RACE is a useful acronym that helps staff to remember the proper steps in the correct order when responding to a fire emergency. This procedure can be used by an individual working alone, but is better applied by using teamwork.

RESCUE: remove anyone in danger. If necessary, move patients behind the next set of fire doors.
ALARM: activate the nearest fire alarm.
CONTAIN: confine the fire by closing the surrounding windows and doors.
EXTINGUISH or EVACUATE: if the fire is small, you are properly trained, and you can extinguish it safely, use an extinguisher. If you are not trained in the use of the extinguisher or cannot safely extinguish the fire, evacuate.

Question 25

GFCI

Answer 25

Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCI)
A GFCI is a fast-acting circuit breaker designed to shut off electric power in the event of a ground fault within as little as 1/40 of a second. It works by comparing the amount of current going to and returning from equipment along the circuit conductors. When the amount going differs from the amount returning by approximately 5 milliamperes, the GFCI interrupts the current.

Question 26

HIPPA covered entities

Answer 26

Healthcare providers
Health plans
Healthcare clearinghouses
Hybrid entities
Businesses that provide services to covered entities (IT, Claims processing, Legal, Management, Finance).

Question 27

HIPPA covered entities

Answer 27

Anyone that has exposure to PHI is responsible for complying with HIPPA.