media as a cause of crime Flashcards
Define cyber crime?
Cyber crime is given to the use of technology when committing a crime.
There has been a growth of cyber crime in the era of globalization due to the development of communications technology.
Cyber crime is difficult to detect due to the transgressive nature of the crime.
How is social media a cause of cyber crime?
Facebook is an example of a social media that is poorly regulated and allows crimes to take place.
What is an example of cyber crime?
Facebook and Facebook market place was poorly regulated. Fans of the Oasis band were paying up to £346 each on average. Lloyd Bank said dans desperate to buy tickets were hit by a ‘landslide’ of scams. More than 9 in 10 that reported case started with fake adverts and posts on social media. ‘vast majority’ taking place on Facebook and Facebook marketplace. Despite Meta’s own commerce policy stating the sale of concert tickets is ‘not allowed’ and being ‘ committed to protecting our users from fraudulent activities”
What are some of the most common types of cyber crime?
> Identity and data theft
internet fraud (online scams)
hacking (unauthorised access to networks)
Infecting devices with viruses
file sharing in breach of copyright
Cyberwarfare
child pornography
Identity and data theft
Only around 5% of the internet is visible (searchable by Google), 95% is the Deep Web (which includes the Dark Web) which is where people’s and corporations’ private data is stored, invisible to Google and encrypted, so that most people can’t gain access to it.
HOWEVER, data breaches are VERY common – where a company’s private records are either hacked or security weaknesses are exploited by other means.
What does Cyber crime focus on?
Cyber crime focuses on specific social media. Social media is a vehicle for criminal activity. Fraud and bullying.
How is bullying another type of cyber crime?
Up to 20% of school children experienced it and 11% committed it. Crime if it causes alarm or distress to the victim. Snapchat and instagram. Worst case leads to suicide of victims.
Case study of bullying cyber crime?
What is Moral panic ?
A moral panic is an exaggerated outburst of public concern over the morality or behaviour of a group in society. Moral panic theory is really labelling theory applied to the media – instead of the agent of social control doing the labelling, it is the media.
What are the case studies examples conveying moral panic?
Jock young The drugtakers in nottinghill
Hall The black muggers study
Cohen Mods & Rockers study
What are the key stages of the Deviant Amplification Spiral?
How Does Cohens Mods and Rockers study convey moral panic?
Stan Cohen (1972) researched the fights, which took place mainly in English seaside resorts on bank holidays, between two youth subcultures: the mods and rockers.
The Mods and Rockers were two working class youth subcultures, the mods famously riding scooters and dressing in smart clothes such as suits, and the rockers riding larger motorbikes and dressing in leathers.
During one bank holiday weekend in Clacton in 1964, where both mods and rockers visited to party, there were some minor acts of Vandalism and some violence between the two groups, this then led to the media turning up at the next big Bank Holiday weekend in Brighton (also 1964) ‘ready’ to report on any disturbances.
Once again at Brighton there was also some minor vandalism and violence between the mods and rockers, but this time the media were present and produced (according to Cohen) some extremely exaggerated reports about the extent of the violence between the two groups.
This had the effect of generating concern among the general public and the police then responded to this increased public fear and perceived threat to social order by policing future mods and rockers events more heavily and being more likely to arrest youths from either subculture for deviant behaviour (whether violent or not).
A further consequence of the exaggerated media reporting was that the mods and rockers came to see themselves as opposed to each other, something which hadn’t been the case before the media exaggeration.
How Does Jock Young The drugmakers study convey moral panic?
Young (1971) looked into the effects of and the societal reaction to being labelled as deviant, and how it may lead to further deviant acts.
He carried out research into the hippie marijuana users in Notting Hill during the 1960s.
oung that as the police began targeting a group of ‘hippies’, which served to widen the gap between them and conventional society. This resulted in drug taking, which had already been an exterior activity, becoming a symbol of the groups’ defiance against the police and also became part of their status.
This consequently caused a deviant subculture to develop, and the hippies to internalise their label and become marginalised from society.
Young’s study showed that by simply being labelled as deviant, one can internalise the label, leading to a self-fulfilling prophecy.
How does Hall Black Muggers study convey moral panic?
Hall argued that a moral panic over black criminality at the time created a diversion away from the wider economic crisis – ‘black youths out of control’ being the headlines rather than ‘Capitalism in Crisis’ – hence the title of the book ‘Policing the Crisis’ (of Capitalism).
term “mugging” was sensationalized by the media, framing it as a growing threat associated with young black men. This panic was not necessarily tied to an actual increase in crime rates but was amplified through media discourse.
Racialization of Crime: The media largely depicted muggers as black youths, reinforcing stereotypes about race and criminality.
Scapegoating: The media’s focus on “black muggers” allowed the state to deflect attention from structural issues like poverty, unemployment, and economic recession, positioning the “criminal” as the cause of societal ills.
Another way Media causes crime ?
Through imitation or “copycat” crime seen on the media Bandura study of aggression or violent crime. He argues that his experiment using the bobo doll showed that children who watch violence on TV are likely to copy it.
Could be extended to drug use, alcohol consumption, and the glamorization of other criminal activity like shoplifting or dealing drugs. Media influences behavior.
