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Nurs 100 > Med Terms > Flashcards

Med Terms Flashcards

1
Q

angiogram

A

xray of blood vessel with using dye

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2
Q

cardiomegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of heart

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3
Q

bradycardia

A

slow heart beat

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4
Q

tachycardia

A

fast heart beat

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5
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein

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6
Q

arrhythmia

A

irregular heart rhythm

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7
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure

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8
Q

myocardial infarction

A

death of tissue in heart muscle

aka: heart attack or MI

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9
Q

shock

A

group of symptoms (pale skin, rapid pulse, shallow breathing) that indicate poor oxygen supply to tissue and insufficient return of blood to heart.

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10
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

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11
Q

atelectasis

A

Complete or partial collapse of a lung or a section (lobe) of a lung

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12
Q

emphysema

A

book:
lung disorder in which air becomes trapped in the air sacs and bronchioles, making breathing difficult. marked by the accumulation of mucus and the loss of elasticity in lung tissue

google:
lung condition that causes shortness of breath. In people with emphysema, the air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) are damaged

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13
Q

phrenectomy

A

partial removal of diaphragm

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14
Q

pulmonectomy

A

surgical excision of an entire lung or of one or more lobes of a lung

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15
Q

rhinoplasty

A

Rhinoplasty, commonly known as a nose job, is a plastic surgery procedure for correcting and reconstructing the nose

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16
Q

pneumonia

A

abnormal condition of the lungs marked by

inflammation and collection of material within the air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with fluid.

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17
Q

CAT scan

A

computed tomography scan

special X-ray tests that produce cross-sectional images of the body using X-rays and a computer.

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18
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and computer-generated radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues in your body in all 3 planes

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19
Q

tomography

A

Tomography is imaging by sections or sectioning, through the use of any kind of penetrating wave

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20
Q

fluoroscopy

A

Fluoroscopy is an imaging technique that uses X-rays to obtain real-time moving images of the interior organs

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21
Q

pulmonary ventilation scan

A

radioactive gas is inhaled and a special camera detects its presence in the lungs. detects lung segments that fail to fill with radioactive gas. lack of filling is usually due to diseases that obstruct the bronchial tubes and air sacs.
evaluation of lung function b4 surgery

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22
Q

gallium scan

A

radioactive gallium (citrate) is injected into the bloodstream and is detected in the body with a scanning device that produces an image of the areas where gallium collects. gallium accumulates in sights were cells are dividing such as certain tumors and areas of inflammation

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23
Q

aspiration

A

withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac

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24
Q

audiogram

A

graph showing the results of a pure-tone hearing test. It will show how loud sounds need to be at different frequencies for you to hear them

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25
Q

auscultation

A

the action of listening to sounds produced within the body: from the heart, lungs, or other organs, typically with a stethoscope, as a part of medical diagnosis.

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26
Q

electrolytes

A

substance that conducts an electrical current that is found in blood (serum) and body cells: examples:
Sodium, calcium, potassium, chloride, phosphate, and magnesium are all electrolytes. You get them from the foods you eat and the fluids you drink

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27
Q

glucose tolerance test

A

The glucose tolerance test is a medical test in which glucose is given and blood samples taken afterward to determine how quickly it is cleared from the blood

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28
Q

PKU test

A

test that determines whether the urine of a newborn contains phenylketones. if present infants lack a specific enzyme.
A simple blood test looks for rare conditions, including phenylketonuria (PKU), which can harm your baby’s growing brain - can cause mental retardation. to prevent, by placing infant on special diet that prevents accumulation of phenylalanine in bloodstream.

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29
Q

platelet count

A

determination of the number of clotting cells (platelets) in a sample of blood

A normal platelet count ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. Having more than 450,000 platelets is a condition called thrombocytosis; having less than 150,000 is known as thrombocytopenia

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30
Q

prothrombin time

A

Prothrombin time (PT) is a blood test that measures the time it takes for the liquid portion (plasma) of your blood to clot

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31
Q

urinalysis

A

A urinalysis is used to detect and manage a wide range of disorders, such as urinary tract infections, kidney disease and diabetes

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32
Q

triglycerides

A

Triglycerides are a type of fat. They are the most common type of fat in your body

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33
Q

white blood count

A

How many white blood cells (WBCs) someone has varies, but the normal range is usually between 4,000 and 11,000 per microliter of blood. A blood test that shows a WBC count of less than 4,000 per microliter (some labs say less than 4,500) could mean your body may not be able to fight infection the way it should.

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34
Q

white blood count

A

How many white blood cells (WBCs) someone has varies, but the normal range is usually between 4,000 and 11,000 per microliter of blood. A blood test that shows a WBC count of less than 4,000 per microliter (some labs say less than 4,500) could mean your body may not be able to fight infection the way it should.

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35
Q

lipid test

A

A complete cholesterol test — also called a lipid panel or lipid profile — is a blood test that can measure the amount of cholesterol and triglycerides in your blood

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36
Q

PSA (prostate specific antigen) test

A

Blood test that measures the amount of an antigen elevated in patients with prostate cancer and in some with an inflamed prostate gland

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37
Q

PFT (pulmonary function tests)

A

measurement of the volume and flow rate (ventilation) of air taken into and exhaled from the lungs using a spirometer
test results may be abnormal in patients with asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or occupational exposures to asbestos, chemicals and dusts

the primary purpose of testing is to identify the severity of pulmonary impairment.

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38
Q

Doppler ultrasound

A

uses high-frequency sound waves to measure the amount of blood flow through your arteries and veins, measure blood flow as echoes bounce off RBCs; arteries or veins in arms, neck, legs or abdomen are examined to detect if occluded (blocked) by clots or atherosclerosis

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39
Q

arthroplasty

A

the surgical reconstruction or replacement of a joint.

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40
Q

craniotomy

A

surgical opening into the skull

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41
Q

arthrocentesis

A

clinical procedure of using a syringe to collect synovial fluid from a joint capsule. It is also known as joint aspiration

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42
Q

polymyalgia

A

An inflammatory disorder causing muscle pain and stiffness around the shoulders and hips

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43
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

A chronic inflammatory arthritis affecting the spine and hip joints

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44
Q

osteoporosis

A

A condition in which bones become weak and brittle, decrease in bone mass with formation of pores or spaces in normally mineralized bones tissue (more serious than osteopenia)

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45
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

A numbness and tingling in the hand and arm caused by a pinched nerve in the wrist

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46
Q

patellapexy

A

Fixation of the patella to the lower end of the femur to stabilize the joint

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47
Q

laminectomy

A

surgical procedure that removes a portion of the vertebral bone called the lamina, to relieve pressure on nerves from a herniating disc

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48
Q

arthroscopy

A

process of visual examination of joint

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49
Q

osteopenia

A

A condition that occurs when the body doesn’t make new bone as quickly as it reabsorbs old bone

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50
Q

osteoarthritis

A

inflammation of bones and joints. disease of older people and is marked by stiffness, pain, and degeneration of joints

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51
Q

perineal

A

generally defined as the surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx

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52
Q

cystocele

A

A bulge of the bladder into the vagina.

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53
Q

perivesical

A

Near, or surrounding the urinary bladder

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54
Q

nephrolithotomy

A

incision in kidney to remove stones

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55
Q

pyelolithotomy

A

surgical incision of the renal pelvis of a kidney for removal of a kidney stone

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56
Q

ureteroplasty

A

repair of an injury or defect of the ureters

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57
Q

urethritis

A

Inflammation of the tube (urethra) carrying urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

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58
Q

anuria

anuric

A

is a condition of nonpassage of urine, in practice is defined as passage of less than 100 milliliters of urine in a day

pertaining to nonpassage of urine

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59
Q

dysuria

A

Discomfort, pain, or burning when urinating

60
Q

glycosuria

A

Glycosuria is the excretion of glucose into the urine

61
Q

hematuria

A

Blood in the urine may range from very obvious to microscopic and not visible at all.

62
Q

intrarenal

A

situated within, occurring within, or administered by entering the kidney an intrarenal obstruction

63
Q

anorchism

A

disorder of sex development in which a person with XY karyotype, which usually corresponds to male sex, is born without testes.

64
Q

prostatitis

A

Swelling of the small walnut-sized gland (prostate) that produces seminal fluid

65
Q

orchiopexy

A

surgery to move an undescended testicle into the scrotum and permanently fix it there

66
Q

varicocele

A

An enlargement of the veins within the scrotum produces swelling

67
Q

colporrhaphy

A

surgical procedure that repairs a defect in the wall of the vagina

68
Q

hysterosalpingogram

A

radiologic procedure to investigate the shape of the uterine cavity and the shape and patency of the fallopian tubes

69
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of menstruation

70
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful menstrual flow

71
Q

menorrhagia

A

Heavy or prolonged vaginal bleeding with menstrual cycle.

72
Q

fibroids

A

Noncancerous growths in the uterus that can develop during a woman’s childbearing years

73
Q

endometriosis

A

An abnormal condition in which tissue that normally lines the uterus grows outside the uterus

74
Q

otalgia

A

Pain in the inner or outer ear that may interfere with ability to hear, often caused by excess fluid and infection

75
Q

dermatitis

A

An itchy inflammation of the skin

76
Q

tympanotomy

A

surgical approach to the middle ear and its structures for diagnosis

77
Q

phakectomy

A

The removal of a cataractous CRYSTALLINE LENS from the eye.

78
Q

retinitis

A

inflammation of the retina in the eye

79
Q

glaucoma

A

increase in pressure (fluid accumulation) within the chamber at the front of the eye

80
Q

cataract

A

Clouding of the normally clear lens of the eye

81
Q

tinnitus

A

Ringing or buzzing noise in one or both ears

82
Q

nevus

A

birthmark or a mole on the skin, especially a birthmark in the form of a raised red patch

83
Q

conjunctivitis

A

inflammation or swelling of the conjunctiva

84
Q

dermatoplasty

A

The use of skin grafts in plastic surgery to correct defects or replace skin destroyed by injury or disease

85
Q

acromegaly

A

enlargement of extremities as a result of thickening of bones and soft tissues causes by excessive secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland (after completion of puberty)

86
Q

Cushing syndrome

A

A condition that occurs from exposure to high cortisol levels for a long time (moon face)

87
Q

Goiter

A

Abnormal enlargement of the butterfly-shaped gland below the Adam’s apple (thyroid).

88
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

disorder marked by deficient insulin in the blood, which causes sugar to remain in the blood rather than entering cells. one symptom frequent urination

89
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

The overproduction of a hormone by the butterfly-shaped gland in the neck (thyroid)

90
Q

AIDS

A

suppression or deficiency of the immune response caused by exposure to HIV

91
Q

HIV

A

virus that infects white blood cells causing damage to the patient’s immune system

92
Q

lymphoma

A

A cancer of the lymphatic system

93
Q

mononucleosis

A

an acute infectious disease with excess monocytes in the blood assoc. with extreme fatigue. Caused by the Epstein-Barr virus transmitted by oral contact

94
Q

sarcoidosis

A

chronic inflammatory disorder small collection of cells in connective tissue, spleen, liver, bone marrow, lungs and lymph nodes. causes unknown; may involve malfunction of the immune system

95
Q

costochrondritis

A

inflammation of cartilage attached to rib

96
Q

myositis

A

inflammation of muscle

97
Q

tendonitis

A

inflammation of tendon (connective tissue that joins muscles to bone)

98
Q

effusion

A

accumulation of fluid in anatomic space

99
Q

arthritis

A

inflammation of a joint

100
Q

fracture

A

breaking of bone

101
Q

metacarpel

A

bones of hand between wrist bone, carpals and phalanges

102
Q

phalanges

A

finger and toe bones

103
Q

flank

A

area of upper abdominal or back and sides

104
Q

pyelogram

A

xray record renal pelvis with injection of contrast

105
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

condition of kidney stone

106
Q

dilatation

A

widening

107
Q

ureter

A

one of two tubes that lead from kidney to urinary bladder

108
Q

renal pelvis

A

central section of kidney where urine collects

109
Q

lithotrpsy

A

process of crushing a stone in the urinary tract using ultra sonic vibration (eswl)

110
Q

renal failure

A

kidney no longer function

111
Q

uremia

A

abnormal condition of excess amounts of urea (nitrogenous waste) in the blood stream

112
Q

cystoscopy

A

visual exam of bladder

113
Q

endoscopic vesicle neck suspension

A

procedure for treatment of true stress urinary incontinence

114
Q

orchitis

A

inflammation of a testicle

115
Q

scrotal

A

pertaining to the scrotum

116
Q

metastatic

A

Metastasis is a pathogenic agent’s spread from an initial or primary site to a different or secondary site within the host’s body

117
Q

hysterectomy

A

excision of uterus either through vag or abdominal wall

118
Q

salpingo-oophorectomy

A

removal of Fallopian tube (aka uterine tube) and ovaries

119
Q

colposcope

A

visual of vag and cervix

120
Q

cervicitis

A

inflammation of the cervix (lower neck like portion of uterus into the vag)

121
Q

biopsy

A

living tissue removed and viewed under microscope

122
Q

benign

A

not cancerous tumor that doesn’t spread is limited in growth

123
Q

salpingitis (aka PID)

A

inflammation of fallopian (uterine) tube. Often caused by bacterial infection in the pelvis because primarily affects fallopian tubes

124
Q

encephalopathy

A

disease of brain

125
Q

polyneuritis

A

inflammation of many peripheral nerves

126
Q

myelocele

A

exposed spinal cord

127
Q

neuralgia

A

nerve pain

128
Q

neurolysis

A

degeneration of nerve

129
Q

cerebrotomy

A

incision into cerebrum of brain

130
Q

medullectomy

A

excision of medulla

131
Q

paraplegia

A

loss of movement in legs and lower body

132
Q

syncope

A

faint, sudden loss of consciousness

133
Q

Alzheimer disease

A

deterioration of mental capacity (irreversible dementia) marked by intellectual deterioration, disorganization of personality

134
Q

cerebrovascular accident

A

CVA - stroke blood prevented from reaching the cerebrum - brain cells die

135
Q

stomatoplasty

A

plastic surgery or reconstruction of mouth

136
Q

proctitis

A

inflammation of anus and rectum

137
Q

cholelithiasis

A

abnormal condition of gall stones

138
Q

gastrectomy

A

excision / removal of stomach

139
Q

pharyngotomy

A

incision of pharynx

140
Q

hepatoma

A

cancer of the cells in the liver

141
Q

cirrhosis

A

liver disease with deterioration of liver cells

142
Q

diverticulosis

A

abnormal condition of pouches and lining in intestine

143
Q

jaundice

A

orange / yellow coloration of skin and other tissues condition of accumulation of bilirubin

144
Q

Chron’s disease

A

inflammation of GI tract - type of inflammatory bowel disease

145
Q

polyps

A

growth or mass - benign - protruding from a mucous membrane

146
Q

pulmonary perfusion scan

A

radioactive particles are injected intravenously and travel rapidly to areas of the lung that are adequately filled with blood. regions of obstructed blood flow caused by tumor, blood clot, swelling, and inflammation can be seen as nonradioactive areas on the scan

Nurs 100 (10 decks)

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