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Chemistry 1210 > Med Terms 2 > Flashcards

Med Terms 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

testis (pl. testes)

A

the primary male sex organ, paired, oval-shaped, and enclosed in a sac called the scrotum. The testes produce spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone.

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2
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

approximately 900 coiled tubes within the testes in which spermatogenesis occurs

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3
Q

sperm

A

the microscopic male cell, which, when united with the ovum, produces a zygote that with subsequent development becomes an embryo

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4
Q

testosterone

A

the principal male sex hormone. its chief function is to stimulate the development of the male reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics such as facial and hair.

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5
Q

epididymis

A

coiled tube attached to each of the testes that provide for storage, transit, and maturation of sperm; continuous with the vas deferens

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6
Q

vas deferens

A

duct carrying the sperm from the epididymis to the urethra. The spermatic cord encloses each vas deferens with nerves, lymphatics, arteries, and veins. The urethra also connects with the urinary bladder and carries urine outside the body. a circular muscle constricts during intercourse to prevent urination.

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7
Q

seminal vesicles

A

two main glands located posterior to the base of the bladder that opens into the vas deferens. The glands secrete a thick fluid that forms part of the semen.

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8
Q

prostate gland

A

encircles a proximal section of the urethra. The prostate gland secretes a fluid that aids in the movement of the sperm and ejaculation.

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9
Q

semen

A

composed of sperm, seminal fluids. and other secretions

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10
Q

scrotum

A

sac containing the testes and epididymis suspended on both sides of and posterior to the penis

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11
Q

penis

A

male organ of urination and coitus

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12
Q

glans penis

A

enlarged tip on the end of the penis

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13
Q

prepuce

A

fold of skin covering the glans penis in uncircumcised males.

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14
Q

genitalia

A

reproductive organs; includes internal and external reproductive organs

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15
Q

gonads

A

primary reproductive organs; testes in males, ovaries in females.

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16
Q

andr/o

A

male

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17
Q

balan/o

A

glans penis

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18
Q

epididym/o

A

epididymis

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19
Q

orchid/o, orchi/o, orch/o

A

testis, testicles

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20
Q

prostat/o

A

prostate gland

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21
Q

spem/o, spemat/o

A

sperm, spermatozoon (pl. spermatozoa)

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22
Q

vas/o

A

vessal, duct (vas deferens in terms describing male reproductive system)

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23
Q

vesicul/o

A

seminal vesicle

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24
Q

-ism

A

state of

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25
Q

anorchism

A

state of absence of testis

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26
Q

balanitis

A

inflamation of the glans penis

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27
Q

balanorrhea

A

discharge from the glans penis

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28
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

excessive development pertaining to the prostate gland

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29
Q

cryptorchidism

A

state of hidden testis

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30
Q

epididymitis

A

inflammation of the epididymis

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31
Q

orchiepididymitis

A

inflammation of the testis and the epididymis

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32
Q

orchitis

A

inflammation of the testis

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33
Q

prostatitis

A

inflammation of the prostate gland

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34
Q

prostatocystitis

A

inflammation of the prostate gland and the bladder.

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35
Q

prostatolith

A

stones in the prostate gland

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36
Q

prostatorrhea

A

discharge from the prostate gland

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37
Q

prostatovesiculitis

A

inflammation of the prostate gland and the seminal vesicles

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38
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

the inability of the male to attain or maintain an erection sufficient to perform sexual intercourse

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39
Q

hydrocele

A

fluid filled sac around the testicle; causes scrotal swelling

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40
Q

phimosis

A

a tightness of the prepuce that prevents its retraction over the glans penis; it may be congenital or a result of balanitis

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41
Q

priapism

A

persistent abnormal erection of the penis accompanied by pain and tenderness

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42
Q

prostate cancer

A

cancer of the prostate gland, usually occurring in men middle-aged and older

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43
Q

spermatocele

A

distention of the epididymis containing an abnormal cyst-like collection of fluid and sperm cells; may cause scrotal swelling

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44
Q

testicular cancer

A

cancer of the testicles, usually occurring in men 15 to 35 years of age

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45
Q

testicular torsion

A

twisting of the spermatic cord causing decreased blood flow to the testis; occurs most often during puberty and often presents with a sudden onset of severe testicular or scrotal pain because of lack of blood flow to the testis, it is considered a surgical emergency.

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46
Q

varicocele

A

enlarged veins of the spermatic cord; may cause scrotal swelling.

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47
Q

balanoplasty

A

surgical repair of glans penis

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48
Q

epididymectomy

A

excision of the epididymis

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49
Q

orchiectomy

A

excision of the testis

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50
Q

castration

A

bilateral orchiectomy

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51
Q

orchiopexy

A

surgical fixation of testis

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52
Q

orchiotomy

A

incision into the testis

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53
Q

prostatectomy

A

excision of the prostate gland

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54
Q

prostatocystotomy

A

incision into the prostate gland and the bladder

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55
Q

prostatolithotomy

A

incision into the prostate gland to remove stones

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56
Q

prostatovesiculectomy

A

excision of the prostate gland and the seminal vesicles

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57
Q

vasectomy

A

excision of a duct

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58
Q

vasovasostomy

A

creation of an artificial opening between ducts

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59
Q

vesiculectomy

A

excision of the seminal vesicles

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60
Q

ablation

A

destruction of abnormal or excessive tissue by melting, vaporizing, or eroding

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61
Q

circumcision

A

surgical removal of the prepuce; all or part of the foreskin may be removed

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62
Q

enucleation

A

excision of a whole organ or mass without cutting into it

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63
Q

hydrocelectomy

A

surgical removal of a fluid-filled sac around the testicles causing scrotal swelling.

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64
Q

morcellation

A

cutting or grinding solid tissue into smaller pieces for removal

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65
Q

transurethral incision of the prostate gland (TUIP)

A

widens the urethra

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66
Q

transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT)

A

treats benign prostatic hyperplasia

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67
Q

transurethral resection of the prostate gland (TURP)

A

removal of pieces of the prostate gland through urethral

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68
Q

multiparametric MRI

A

MRI for anatomic structure and physiology

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69
Q

transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)

A

ultra sound to detect prostate cancer

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70
Q

prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

A

blood test measure prostate shit

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71
Q

semen analysis

A

microscopic observation of ejaculated semen

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72
Q

digital rectal examination (DRE)

A

insert a gloved finger into a rectum and palpates the prostate

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73
Q

andropathy

A

disease of the male

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74
Q

aspermia

A

condition of without sperm

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75
Q

oligospermia

A

condition of scanty sperm

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76
Q

orchialgia

A

pain in the testis

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77
Q

spermatolysis

A

dissolution of sperm

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78
Q

transurethral

A

pertaining to through the urethra.

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79
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A

advanced, chronic immune system suppression caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

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80
Q

azoospermia

A

lack of live sperm in the semen

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81
Q

chlamydia

A

silent STD

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82
Q

coitus

A

sexual intercourse between male and female

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83
Q

genital herpes

A

simplex virus type 2

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84
Q

gonorrhea

A

bacterial organism that inflames the mucous

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85
Q

HIV

A

effect T-helper cells of immune system

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86
Q

human papillomavirus

A

viral infection also called genital warts

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87
Q

orgasm

A

climax of sexual stimulation

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88
Q

syphilis

A

cause by treponema pallidum.

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89
Q

trichomoniasis

A

caused by trichomonas

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90
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

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91
Q

BOO

A

bladder outlet obstruction

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92
Q

BPH

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

93
Q

DRE

A

digital rectal examination

94
Q

ED

A

erectile dysfunction

95
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency sydrome

96
Q

HoLEP

A

holmium laser enucleation of the prostate gland

97
Q

HPV

A

human papillomavirus

98
Q

LUTS

A

lower urinary tract symptoms

99
Q

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen

100
Q

PVP

A

photoselective vaporization of the prostate gland

101
Q

RP

A

radical prostatectomy

102
Q

STD

A

sexually transmitted disease

103
Q

STI

A

sexually transmitted infection

104
Q

TRUS

A

transrectal ultrasound

105
Q

TUIP

A

transurethral incision of the prostate gland

106
Q

TUMT

A

transurethral microwave thermotherapy

107
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate gland

108
Q

Ovaries

A

almond-shaped organs located in the pelvic cavity; form and store egg cells (ova) and produce the hormones estrogen and progesterone

109
Q

ovum (pl. ova)

A

female egg cell

110
Q

graafian follicles

A

100,000 microscopic sacs that make up a large portion of the ovaries. Each follicle contains an immature ovum. Normally one Graafian follicle develops to maturity monthly between puberty and menopause. It moves to the surface of the ovary and releases the ovum, which passes into the uterine tube

111
Q

uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)

A

pair of tubes attached to the uterus that provides a passageway for the ovum to move from the ovary to the uterus

112
Q

fimbria (pl. fimbriae)

A

finger-like projection at the free end of the uterine tube

113
Q

uterus

A

pear-sized and shaped muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity, except during pregnancy when it enlarges and extends up into the abdominal cavity. Its functions are menstruation, pregnancy, and labor

114
Q

endometrium

A

inner lining of the uterus

115
Q

myometrium

A

muscular middle layer of the uterus

116
Q

perimetrium

A

outer protective layer of the uterus that secretes watery serous fluid to reduce friction

117
Q

corpus

A

large central portion of the uterus

118
Q

fundus

A

rounded upper portion of the uterus

119
Q

cervic (Cx)

A

narrow lower portion of the uterus

120
Q

vagina

A

passageway between the uterus and the outside of the body

121
Q

hymen

A

fold of membrane found near the opening of the vagina

122
Q

vulva

A

external genitals of the female, including the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, urinary meatus, and vaginal opening

123
Q

perineum

A

pelvic floor in both the male and female. In females it refers to the area between the vaginal opening and the anus

124
Q

Bartholin glands

A

pair of mucus-producing glands located on each side of the vagina, just above the vaginal opening

125
Q

breasts

A

milk-producing glands. Each breast consists of 15 to 20 divisions or lobules (also called mammary glands)

126
Q

mammary papilla

A

breast nipple

127
Q

areola

A

pigmented area around the mammary papilla

128
Q

arche/-

A

first, beginning

129
Q

cervic/o, trachel/o

A

cervix

130
Q

colp/o, vagin/o

A

vagina

131
Q

endometri/o

A

endometrium

132
Q

episi/o, vulv/o

A

vulva

133
Q

gynec/o, gyn/o

A

women

134
Q

hymen/o

A

hymen

135
Q

hyster/o, metr/o

A

uterus

136
Q

mamm/o, mast/o

A

breast

137
Q

men/o

A

menstruation

138
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

139
Q

pelv/i

A

pelvis, pelvic bones, pelvic cavity

140
Q

perine/o

A

perineum

141
Q

salping/o

A

uterine tubes

142
Q

peri-

A

surrounding

143
Q

-cleisis

A

surgical closure

144
Q

-salpinx

A

uterine tube

145
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of menstrual flow

146
Q

Bartholin adenitis

A

inflammation of the Bartholin gland

147
Q

cervicitis

A

inflammation of the cervix

148
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful menstrual flow

149
Q

endometriosis

A

abnormal condition of the endometrium

150
Q

endometritis

A

inflammation of the endometrium

151
Q

hematosalpinx

A

blood in the uterine tube

152
Q

hydrosalpinx

A

water in the uterine tube

153
Q

mastitis

A

inflammation of the breast

154
Q

menometrorrhagia

A

excessive bleeding from the uterus at menstruation

155
Q

menorrhagia

A

excessive bleeding at menstruation

156
Q

myometritis

A

inflammation of the uterine muscle

157
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

scanty menstrual flow

158
Q

oophoritis

A

inflammation of the ovary

159
Q

perimetritis

A

inflammation surrounding the uterus

160
Q

pyosalpinx

A

pus in the uterine tube

161
Q

salpingitis

A

inflammation of the uterine tube

162
Q

salpingocele

A

hernia of the uterine tube

163
Q

vaginitis

A

inflammation of the vagina

164
Q

vaginosis

A

abnormal condition of the vagina

165
Q

vulvovaginitis

A

inflammation of the vulva and vagina

166
Q

colpocleisis

A

surgical closure of the vagina

167
Q

colpoperineorrhaphy

A

suturing of the vagina and the perineum

168
Q

colpoplasty

A

surgical repair of vagina

169
Q

colporrhaphy

A

suturing the vagina

170
Q

episioperineoplasty

A

surgical repair of the vulva and perineum

171
Q

episiorrhaphy

A

suturing of the vulva

172
Q

hymenectomy

A

excision of the hymen

173
Q

hymenotomy

A

incision into the hymen

174
Q

hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy

A

excision of the uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries

175
Q

mammoplasty

A

surgical repair of the breast

176
Q

mastectomy

A

surgical removal of the breast

177
Q

mastopexy

A

sugical fixation of the breast

178
Q

oophorectomy

A

excision of the ovary

179
Q

perineorrhaphy

A

suturing of the perineum

180
Q

salpingectomy

A

excision of the uterine tube

181
Q

salpingo-oophorectomy

A

excision of the uterine tube and the ovary

182
Q

salpingostomy

A

creation of an artificial opening in the uterine tube

183
Q

trachelectomy

A

excision of the cervix

184
Q

trachelorrhaphy

A

suturing of the cervix

185
Q

vulvectomy

A

excision of the vulva

186
Q

laparoscopy

A

visual examination of the abdominopelvic cavity, accomplished by inserting a laparoscope through a tiny incision near the umbilicus. Numerous female reproductive system surgeries are performed with this technique

187
Q

myomectomy

A

excision of a uterine fibroid

188
Q

sentinel lymph node biopsy

A

injection of blue dye and/or radioactive isotope used to ideni=tify the sentinel lymph nodes

189
Q

stereotactic breast biopsy

A

technique that combines mammography and computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion

190
Q

tubal ligation

A

surgical closure of the uterine tubes for sterilization; cut and tied, cut and cauterized, closed off with clip, clamp, ring or band

191
Q

uterine artery embolization

A

placement of small gelatin beads into uterine arteries to stop blood flow supplying uterine fibroids or to stop severe hemorrhage after childbirth; performed by an interventional radiologist

192
Q

hysterosalpingogram

A

radiographic image of the uterus and uterine tubes

193
Q

mammogram

A

radiographic image of the breast

194
Q

mammography

A

radiographic imaging of the breast

195
Q

sonohysterography

A

process of recording the uterus by use of sound

196
Q

colposcope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the vagina

197
Q

colposcopy

A

visual examination of the vagina

198
Q

hysteroscope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the uterus

199
Q

hysteroscopy

A

visual examination of the uterus

200
Q

pelviscopic

A

pertaining to visual examination of the pelvic cavity

201
Q

pelviscopy

A

visual examination of the pelvic cavity

202
Q

transvaginal sonography (TVS)

A

ultrasound procedure that uses a transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries, uterus ,cervix, uterine tubes, and surrounding structures; used to diagnose masses such as ovarian cysts or tumors, to monitor pregnancy, and to evaluate ovulation for the treatment of infertility

203
Q

CA-125 test

A

blood test primarily used to monitor treatment for ovarian cancer and to detect recurrence once treatment is complete

204
Q

HPV test

A

a cytological study of the cervical and vaginal secretion to detect high-risk forms of HPV that can cause abnormal cervical cells and cervical cancer; used for cervical cancer screeming

205
Q

Pap test

A

cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions to detect abnormal and cancerous cells; primarily used for cervical cancer screening

206
Q

endocervical

A

pertaining to within the cervix

207
Q

gynecologist

A

physician who studies and treats diseases of women

208
Q

gynopathic

A

pertaining to diseases of women

209
Q

leukorrhea

A

white discharge (from the vagina)

210
Q

mastalgia

A

pain in the breast

211
Q

menarche

A

beginning of menstruation

212
Q

vaginal

A

pertaining to vagina

213
Q

vesicovaginal

A

pertaining to the urinary bladder and vagina

214
Q

vulvovaginal

A

pertaining to the vulva and vagina

215
Q

anovulation

A

absence of ovulation

216
Q

contraception

A

intentional prevention of conception

217
Q

dyspareunia

A

difficult or painful intercourse

218
Q

fistula

A

abnormal passageway between two organs or between an internal organ and the body surface

219
Q

hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

A

replacement of hormones, estrogen and progesterone, to treat symptoms associated with menopause

220
Q

menopause

A

cessation of menstruation, usually around the ages of 48 to 53 years; may be induced at an earlier age surgically or medically

221
Q

oligoovulation

A

infrequent ovulation

222
Q

ovulation

A

release of an ovum from a mature graafian follicle

223
Q

premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

A

syndrome involving physical and emotional symptoms occuring up to 10 days before menstruation. Symptoms include nervous tension, irritability, mastalgia, edema, and headache

224
Q

prolaspe

A

displacement of an organ or anatomic structure from its normal position

225
Q

speculum

A

instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual inspection

226
Q

A&P repair

A

anterior and posterior colporrhapy

227
Q

BC

A

birth control

228
Q

Cx

A

cervix

229
Q

D&C

A

dilation and curettage

Chemistry 1210 (3 decks)

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