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Medical Terminology Auelua > Med Term Unit 6 > Flashcards

Med Term Unit 6 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

acous/o

A

hearing

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2
Q

-acusis

A

hearing

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3
Q

audi/o

A

sound

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4
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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5
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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6
Q

cerebell/o

A

cerebellum

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7
Q

cerebr/o

A

brain

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8
Q

cerumen/o

A

ear wax

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9
Q

choroid

A

middle layer of eye, between sclera & retina

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10
Q

chrom/o

A

color

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11
Q

cochle/o

A

cochlea

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12
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva

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13
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

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14
Q

crani/o

A

head/skull

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15
Q

dacry/o

A

tears

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16
Q

dur/o

A

tough

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17
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

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18
Q

esthesi/o

A

feeling/sensation

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19
Q

gangli/o

A

bundle of neuron cell bodies

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20
Q

gnos/o

A

know

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21
Q

sono

A

sleep

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22
Q

-ictal

A

seizure

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23
Q

irid/o

A

iris

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24
Q

ir/o

A

iris

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25
Q

kerat/o

A

cornea

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26
Q

kinesi/o

A

movement

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27
Q

lob/o

A

lobe

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28
Q

-mania

A

excessive desire

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29
Q

media

A

middle

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30
Q

meningi/o

A

meninges

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31
Q

mening/o

A

meninges

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32
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord

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33
Q

myring/o

A

ear drum, typmanic membrane

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34
Q

tympan/o

A

ear drum, tympanic membrane

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35
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

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36
Q

ocul/o

A

eye

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37
Q

opthalm/o

A

eye

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38
Q

opt/o

A

eye

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39
Q

-opia

A

vision condition

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40
Q

-opsia

A

vision condition

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41
Q

osmia/o

A

smell

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42
Q

ot/o

A

ear

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43
Q

-paresis

A

partial paralysis

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44
Q

phac/o

A

lens

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45
Q

phak/o

A

lens

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46
Q

phas/o

A

speech

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47
Q

-phobia

A

fear

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48
Q

phren/o

A

mind

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49
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

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50
Q

presvy/o

A

old age

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51
Q

psych/o

A

mind

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52
Q

pupil/o

A

pupil of the eye

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53
Q

retin/o

A

retina

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54
Q

salping/o

A

auditory tube

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55
Q

scler/o

A

sclera

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56
Q

somn/o

A

sleep

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57
Q

tax/o

A

arrangement, order, coordination

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58
Q

ton/o

A

muscle tension, pressure

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59
Q

vestibul/o

A

vestibule

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60
Q

acrophobia

A

fear of heights

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61
Q

acute otits media

A

rapid onsent middle ear infection

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62
Q

age-related macular degeneration

A

loss of visual acuity due to degeneration of sensory receptors in macula area of retina

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63
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of outdoor spaces

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64
Q

amblyopia

A

decreased vision occurring in one eye, lazy eye

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65
Q

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A

degenerative disease of the CNS, causes loss of muscle control: aka Lou Gehrig’s disease

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66
Q

anacusis

A

total deafness

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67
Q

anopsia

A

upward strabismus

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68
Q

anorexia

A

eating disorder characterized by patient’s refusal to eat

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69
Q

anosmia

A

lack of a sense of smell

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70
Q

anxiety

A

feeling of fear, nervousness or unease

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71
Q

aphasia

A

loss/impairment of ability to use/understand words

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72
Q

astigmatism

A

imperfection in curvature of eye causing blurred vision

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73
Q

ataxia

A

inability to coordinate voluntary muscular movements

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74
Q

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

A

developmental disorder, persistent inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, distractility

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75
Q

blepharospasm

A

uncontrollable eyelid twitching

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76
Q

bulimia

A

eating disorder, overeating followed by forced vomiting and or excessive exercise

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77
Q

cataract

A

progressive opacity of lens leading to blurred vision

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78
Q

causalgia

A

painful sensation of burning

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79
Q

cerebral aneurysm

A

widening of blood vessel in the brain

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80
Q

cerebral palsy

A

paralysis caused by damage to areas of brain responsible for movement

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81
Q

cerebral thrombosis

A

blockage of blood vessel in brain caused by a clot

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82
Q

cerebrovascular accident

A

stroke

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83
Q

cerumen impaction

A

buildup of ear wax blocking the ear canal

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84
Q

clonus

A

muscle spasm or twitching

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85
Q

corneal abrasion

A

scratch of cornea

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86
Q

dementia

A

decline or loss of mental function

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87
Q

dyslexia

A

difficulty reading

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88
Q

dysphoria

A

negative emotional state

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89
Q

electroencephalogram

A

measure of the brain’s electrical activity

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90
Q

epilepsy

A

disease marked by seizures

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91
Q

glaucoma

A

increased intra-ocular pressure, damages optic nerve

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92
Q

hematoma

A

tumor-like mass of blood

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93
Q

hemiparesis

A

weakness/partial paralysis of one side of the body

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94
Q

Huntington’s disease

A

hereditary, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder: affects movement, thinking, reasoning, emotions and behavior

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95
Q

hydrocephalus

A

excess fluid in spaces around within the brain

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96
Q

hypertonia

A

excessive muscular tone/development

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97
Q

ischemic stroke

A

stroke caused by blockage in a cerebral artery

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98
Q

keratoconjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva

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99
Q

miosis

A

abnormal pupillary constriction

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100
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

immune system destroys myelin surrounding neurons, nerves “short circuit”

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101
Q

mydriasis

A

abnormal pupillary dilation

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102
Q

nystagmus

A

involuntary back and forth eye movements

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103
Q

paralysis

A

complete loss of sensation and motor function

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104
Q

prebycusis

A

age related hearing loss

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105
Q

presbyopia

A

age related loss of ability to focus the eyes on close objects

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106
Q

prosopagnosia

A

inability to recognize faces

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107
Q

psychosis

A

serious mental illness, defective/lost contact with reality, delusions

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108
Q

schizophrenia

A

serious mental illness, disturbances in thought/perception/behavior, loss of emotional responsiveness, extreme apathy

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109
Q

scotoma

A

dark spot in visual field

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110
Q

strabismus

A

lazy eye

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111
Q

syncope

A

fainting

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112
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing in the ears

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113
Q

transient ischemic attack

A

temporary blockage of blood vessel, resolves within 24 hours

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114
Q

vertigo

A

dizziness

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115
Q

analgesic

A

a drug that relieves pain

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116
Q

anesthesia

A

without feeling or sensation

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117
Q

anesthesiologist

A

doctor who specializes in anesthesia

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118
Q

anesthetic

A

a drug that causes the loss of sensation

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119
Q

central nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

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120
Q

cerebral angiography

A

procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain

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121
Q

cerebrospinal fluid

A

colorless liquid secreted in brain ventricles, circulates around the CNS

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122
Q

cochlear implant

A

electronic device, stimulates cochlea to restore hearing

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123
Q

hypnosis

A

induced sleep-like state patient responds to sugestions

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124
Q

intracranial pressure

A

pressure on brain tissue within the skull

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125
Q

intraocular pressure

A

pressure within the eye

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126
Q

iridectomy

A

surgical removal of the iris

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127
Q

kinesiology

A

study of movement

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128
Q

lumbar puncture

A

insertion of needle into lumbar region of spinal column to withdraw cerebral spinal fluid for examination

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129
Q

phacoemulsification

A

fragmentation of an existing lens on order to remove and replace it

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130
Q

positron emission tomography

A

an imaging procedure that uses radiation to produce cross sections of the brain

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131
Q

rapid eye movement sleep

A

periods of deep sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, increased brain activity, vivid dreaming, very low muscle tone

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132
Q

retinoscope

A

instrument for observing the retina

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133
Q

salpingoscope

A

instrument for observing the auditory tube

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134
Q

visual acuity

A

ability to see detail

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135
Q

visual field

A

entire area visible without moving the eyes

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136
Q

ADHD

A

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

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137
Q

ALS

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (lou gehrig’s disease)

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138
Q

AOT

A

acute otitis media

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139
Q

ARMD

A

age related macular degeneration

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140
Q

Ast

A

astigmatism

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141
Q

AU

A

both ears

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142
Q

AD

A

right ear

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143
Q

AS

A

left ear

144
Q

CNS

A

central nervous system

145
Q

CP

A

cerebral palsy

146
Q

CSF

A

cerebrospinal fluid

147
Q

CVA

A

cerebrovascular accident

148
Q

EEG

A

eletroencephalogram

149
Q

EENT

A

eyes, ear, nose and throat

150
Q

ENT

A

ears, nose and throat

151
Q

HD

A

Huntington’s disease

152
Q

HEENT

A

head, eyes, ears, nose and throat

153
Q

ICP

A

intracranial pressure

154
Q

IOP

A

intraocular pressure

155
Q

LASIK

A

laser assisted in situ keratomileusis

156
Q

LOC

A

level of consciousness

157
Q

LP

A

lumbar puncture

158
Q

MS

A

multiple scleriosis

159
Q

Myop

A

myopia

160
Q

NIHL

A

noise induced hearing loss

161
Q

O.D.

A

doctor of optometry

162
Q

OCD

A

obsessive compulsive disorder

163
Q

OM

A

otitis media

164
Q

OU

A

both eyes

165
Q

OD

A

right eye

166
Q

OS

A

left eye

167
Q

PERRLA

A

pupils equal, round and reactive to light and accomodation

168
Q

PET

A

positron emission tomography

169
Q

PNS

A

peripheral nervous system

170
Q

REM

A

rapid eye movement

171
Q

TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

172
Q

VA

A

visual acuity

173
Q

VF

A

visual field

174
Q

afferent nerve

A

going towards to the CNS

175
Q

agnosia

A

the inability to recognize familiar objects.

176
Q

anesthesia, epidural

A

loss of feeling by placing a block in the space above the dura

177
Q

anesthesia, general

A

The use of drugs to put people to sleep and eliminate pain.

178
Q

anesthesia, local

A

A type of anesthesia that eliminates pain in a specific area of the body.

179
Q

anesthesia, regional

A

Temporary interruption of nerve conduction, is produced by injecting an anesthetic solution near the nerves to be blocked.

180
Q

anesthesia, topical

A

a local anesthetic that is effective upon application to mucous membranes (tetracaine).

181
Q

anticonvulsants

A

suppress or reduce the number and/or intensity of seizures

182
Q

antidepressants

A

drugs that combat depression by affecting the levels or activity of neurotransmitters in the brain

183
Q

antipsychotic

A

diminish or eliminate hallucinations, delusions, withdrawal symptoms

184
Q

aphakia

A

absence of the lens of the eye

185
Q

asthenia

A

lack of strength

186
Q

audiometry

A

measurement of hearing

187
Q

aural

A

pertaining to the ear

188
Q

auricle

A

external ear

189
Q

autism

A

a disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by deficient communication, social interaction, and understanding of others’ states of mind

190
Q

binocular

A

pertaining to two or both eyes

191
Q

blepharedema

A

swelling of the eyelid

192
Q

blepharoplegia

A

paralysis of the eyelid

193
Q

blepharoptosis

A

drooping of the eyelid

194
Q

cephalgia

A

headache

195
Q

cephalodynia

A

headache

196
Q

cerebromeningitis

A

inflammation of the brain and meninges

197
Q

cerebrotomy

A

incision into the brain

198
Q

cerebrovascular disease

A

disorder resulting from a change within one or more blood vessels of the brain

199
Q

cerumenolytic

A

a substance that breaks down ear wax

200
Q

cochleitis

A

inflammation of the cochlea

201
Q

conjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the conjunctiva (pink eye)

202
Q

corneal transplant

A

replacement of damaged cornea with donated tissue

203
Q

corneal xerosis

A

dryness of the cornea

204
Q

craniomalacia

A

abnormal softening of the skull

205
Q

craniotomy

A

incision of the skull

206
Q

dacryoadenectomy

A

removal of the tear gland

207
Q

dacryocystotomy

A

incision into the tear sac

208
Q

dacryohemorrhea

A

blood coming from the tear gland

209
Q

dacryolithiasis

A

presence of hard formations (stones) in the tear system

210
Q

dacryorrhea

A

excessive discharge from the tear gland

211
Q

depression

A

A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness

212
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

213
Q

dyskinesia

A

difficult movement

214
Q

dysphasia

A

problem with language

215
Q

dystonia

A

a condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement

216
Q

echoencephalography

A

ultrasound waves used to look at the skull

217
Q

efferent neuron

A

nerve going away from the brain

218
Q

enchephalalgia

A

brain pain

219
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammation in the brain

220
Q

encephalocele

A

herniation of the brain

221
Q

encephalography

A

procedure for studying the brain

222
Q

encephalomyelitis

A

inflammation of the brain and spinal cord

223
Q

encephalomyeloneuropathy

A

disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

224
Q

encephalopathy

A

disease of the brain

225
Q

epidural anesthetic

A

anesthetic applied in the dural region of the spinal cord

226
Q

epidural hematoma

A

a hematoma located on top of the dura

227
Q

euphoria

A

A feeling of great happiness or well-being

228
Q

exophthalmos

A

abnormal protrusion of the eyeball

229
Q

ganglioma

A

ganglion tumor

230
Q

hemiangioma

A

blindness in half the visual field

231
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis of one side of the body

232
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures; also known as a bleed

233
Q

hydrophobia

A

fear of water

234
Q

hyoeresthesia

A

increased sensitivity to stimulation such as touch or pain

235
Q

hyperkinesia

A

excessive movement

236
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness

237
Q

hypnotic

A

agent that induces sleep

238
Q

insomnia

A

recurring problems in falling or staying asleep

239
Q

interictal

A

time between seizures

240
Q

intracerebral hematoma

A

a hematoma located inside the brain

241
Q

intracerebral hemorrhage

A

bleeding inside the brain

242
Q

intraocular

A

within the eye

243
Q

iridokeratitis

A

inflammation of the iris and cornea

244
Q

iridopathy

A

disease of the iris

245
Q

iritis

A

inflammation of the iris

246
Q

keratitis

A

inflammation of the cornea

247
Q

keratopathy

A

disease of the cornea

248
Q

keratoplasty

A

repair of the cornea

249
Q

keratotomy

A

incision into the cornea

250
Q

lacrimal

A

pertaining to the tear duct

251
Q

lacrimation

A

secretion and discharge of tears

252
Q

lobectomy

A

removal of a lobe of a lung or brain

253
Q

lobotomy

A

A now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.

254
Q

macrocephaly

A

abnormally large head

255
Q

magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)

A

procedure used to examine blood vessels

256
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

brain-imaging method using radio waves and magnetic fields of the body to produce detailed images of the brain

257
Q

manic depression (bipolar)

A

a psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression

258
Q

meningioma

A

tumor of the meninges

259
Q

meningitis

A

inflammation of the meninges

260
Q

meningocele

A

herniation of the meninges

261
Q

meningoencephalitis

A

inflammation of the meninges and brain

262
Q

microcephaly

A

abnormally small head

263
Q

monoparesis

A

slight paralysis of one (limb)

264
Q

monoplegia

A

paralysis of one limb

265
Q

myasthenia

A

muscle weakness

266
Q

myelodysplasia

A

defective formation of the spinal cord

267
Q

myelography

A

a radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture

268
Q

myelomeningocele

A

hernia of the spinal cord and meninges

269
Q

myelomalacia

A

softening of the spinal cord

270
Q

myelopathy

A

any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord

271
Q

myoclonus

A

the sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles

272
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness

273
Q

myospasm

A

muscle spasm

274
Q

myringoplasty

A

surgical repair of the tympanic membrane

275
Q

myringotomy

A

incision into the tympanic membrane

276
Q

narcolepsy

A

A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

277
Q

neuralgia

A

nerve pain

278
Q

neurasthenia

A

nerve weakness

279
Q

neurectomy

A

surgical removal of a nerve

280
Q

neuritis

A

inflammation of a nerve

281
Q

neurocephalomyelopathy

A

disease of the nerves, brain, and spinal cord

282
Q

neurogenic

A

originating from/created by nerves

283
Q

neuroglia

A

cells that support and protect neurons

284
Q

neurology

A

study of the nervous system

285
Q

neurolysis

A

destruction of nerve tissue

286
Q

neuroma

A

nerve tumor

287
Q

neuron

A

a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system

288
Q

neuropathy

A

disease of the nerves

289
Q

Neuropharmacology

A

the study of the effects of drugs on the nervous system

290
Q

neuroplasty

A

surgical repair of a nerve

291
Q

neurosclerosis

A

hardening of nerves

292
Q

neurosis

A

a psychologic condition in which anxiety is prominent

293
Q

neurotomy

A

incision into a nerve

294
Q

occuloplasty

A

repair of an eye

295
Q

oculomotor

A

eye movement

296
Q

oculomycosis

A

abnormal condition of the eye caused by a fungus

297
Q

ophthalmectomy

A

removal of the eye

298
Q

ophthalmitis

A

inflammation of the eye

299
Q

ophthalmologist

A

physician who studies and treats diseases of the eye

300
Q

ophthalmoscope

A

instrument used to examine the interior of the eye

301
Q

optic

A

vision

302
Q

optometrist

A

one who measures vision

303
Q

optomyometer

A

device used to determine the strength of eye muscles

304
Q

otalgia

A

pain in the ear

305
Q

otodynia

A

ear pain

306
Q

otomycosis

A

fungal infection of the ear

307
Q

otoplasty

A

surgical repair of the ear

308
Q

otorhinolaryngologist

A

specialist in the ear, nose, and throat

309
Q

otoscope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the ear

310
Q

ototoxic

A

drug that is damaging to the ear/hearing

311
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis from the waist down

312
Q

paresis

A

weakness

313
Q

paresthesia

A

abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling without objective cause

314
Q

phacomalacia

A

softening of the lens

315
Q

phacosclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of the lens

316
Q

phacoscope

A

instrument for looking at the lens

317
Q

photophobia

A

sensitivity to light

318
Q

poliomyelitis

A

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

319
Q

polyneuritis

A

inflammation of many nerves

320
Q

polyneuropathy

A

disease of many nerves

321
Q

postictal

A

time after a seizure

322
Q

preictal

A

time before a seizure

323
Q

pseudoesthesia

A

false sensation

324
Q

psychiatry

A

a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy

325
Q

psychogenic

A

originating in the mind

326
Q

psychology

A

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

327
Q

psychopharmacology

A

the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior

328
Q

psychosomatic

A

of or relating to symptoms caused by mental or emotional problems

329
Q

psychotropic

A

drugs that are able to turn the mind

330
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all four limbs

331
Q

retinitis

A

inflammation of the retina

332
Q

retinopathy

A

disease of the retina

333
Q

retinopexy

A

surgical fixation of the retina

334
Q

retinoscopy

A

visual examination of the retina

335
Q

rhinosalpingitis

A

inflammation of the nose and eustachian tubes

336
Q

salpingopharyngeal

A

Pertaining to the eustachian tube and the throat.

337
Q

scleroderma

A

hardening of the skin

338
Q

sclerokeratoiritis

A

inflammation of the sclera, cornea, and iris

339
Q

scleromalacia

A

softening of the sclera

340
Q

sclerotomy

A

incision into the sclera

341
Q

somatosensory

A

our sense of touch, temperature, and pain

342
Q

somnambulism

A

sleepwalking

343
Q

subdural hematoma

A

pertaining to below the dura mater, tumor of blood

344
Q

synesthesia

A

describing one kind of sensation in terms of another (“a loud color”, “a sweet sound”)

345
Q

thrombolytic

A

drug that breaks down blood clots

346
Q

tonometry

A

the measurement of intraocular pressure

347
Q

tympanic perforation

A

tear or hole in the eardrum

348
Q

tympanitis

A

inflammation of the eardrum

349
Q

tympanocentesis

A

puncture of the eardrum

350
Q

tympanometry

A

the use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear

351
Q

tympanoplasty

A

surgical repair of the eardrum

352
Q

tympanosclerosis

A

hardening of the eardrum

353
Q

tympanostomy

A

creation of an opening in the eardrum

354
Q

vestibular neuritis

A

inflammation of the vestibular nerve

355
Q

vestibulectomy

A

surgical excision of the vestibule

356
Q

vestibulitis

A

inflammation of the vestibule

Medical Terminology Auelua (22 decks)

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