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Medical Terminology Auelua > Exam #2 - Terms on the Test > Flashcards

Exam #2 - Terms on the Test Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

allo-

A

other, different; different member of the same species

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2
Q

homo-

A

same

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3
Q

xeno-

A

stranger; a different species

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4
Q

e-, ec-, ex-

A

out, off, from, beyond

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5
Q

ab-

A

off, from, away

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6
Q

anti-

A

against

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7
Q

hyper-

A

too much

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8
Q

hypo-

A

too little

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9
Q

xero-

A

dry

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10
Q

Chemo-

A

chemicals

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11
Q

Cryo-

A

cold

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12
Q

par- or para-

A

beside; near

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13
Q

Xeno-

A

strangers

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14
Q

neo-

A

new formation

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15
Q

albin/o

A

white

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16
Q

carot

A

orange

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17
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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18
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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19
Q

jaun

A

yellow

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20
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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21
Q

melan/o

A

black

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22
Q

xanth/o

A

yellow

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23
Q

cer/at, corn

A

horn

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24
Q

crypt-

A

hidden; concealed

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25
Q

fibr/o

A

fiber

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26
Q

glabr

A

smooth

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27
Q

macer

A

to soften

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28
Q

myring/o

A

eardrum

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29
Q

pilo

A

hair

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30
Q

psora, prur

A

itch

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31
Q

rhytido

A

wrinkle

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32
Q

sclero

A

hard

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33
Q

septic

A

filled with microorganisms

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34
Q

–ectasia

A

dilated condition

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35
Q

-lysis

A

breaking down; destroying

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36
Q

-malacia

A

softening due to disease

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37
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement due to disease

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38
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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39
Q

-oma

A

tumor

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40
Q

-plasm

A

growth

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41
Q

-trophy

A

nourishment or growth

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42
Q

ABCDE

A

abbreviation is a mnemonic for assessing the cancer risk of skin lesions

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43
Q

BCC, SCC

A

abbreviations denote different kinds of skin cancer (carcinoma)?

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44
Q

SC, SQ, subQ

A

abbreviations for an injection into the layer immediately beneath the skin

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45
Q

decub

A

abbreviation for an ulcer that occurs when a person lies in one position for a long period of time

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46
Q

Bx

A

abbreviation for a procedure to sample tissue for analysis by a pathologist

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47
Q

I&D

A

abbreviation for a procedure to cut into, and allow liquid to drain from, a lesion in the skin

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48
Q

ung

A

abbreviation for an ointment (based on an old name for ointments)

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49
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

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50
Q

allo-graft

A

a skin tissue donation from an unrelated individual of the same species

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51
Q

auto-graft

A

a skin tissue donation from oneself

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52
Q

chemo-surgery

A

surgery using chemicals

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53
Q

chemo-therapy

A

therapy using chemicals

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54
Q

cryo-surgery

A

surgery using cold

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55
Q

demato-dynia

A

pain in the skin

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56
Q

dermato-fibr-oma

A

fibrous tumor of the skin

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57
Q

dermato-logy

A

study of the skin

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58
Q

dermato-lysis

A

breakdown of the skin

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59
Q

dermato-myc-osis

A

fungal infection of the skin

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60
Q

dermato-scopy

A

visualizing the skin with an instrument

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61
Q

xeno-graft

A

a skin tissue donation from another species

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62
Q

eryth-ema

A

redness

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63
Q

erythro-cyan-osis

A

reddish-blue color of skin when the body is cold

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64
Q

erythro-derma

A

red skin

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65
Q

leuko-derma

A

white skin

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66
Q

melan-in

A

protein that causes skin pigmentation

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67
Q

melano-cyte

A

cell that produces and stores melanin

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68
Q

melan-oma

A

extremely dangerous cancer that arises from melanocytes

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69
Q

melano-some

A

melanin-filled pigment granules inside melanocytes

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70
Q

xantho-derma

A

yellow skin

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71
Q

xanth-oma

A

yellow raised bumps due to fat accumulation under the skin

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72
Q

xanth-osis

A

yellow discoloration of degenerating tissues

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73
Q

ep-onycho-ium

A

cuticle (literally, “anatomical part on top of the nail”)

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74
Q

onycho-crypt-osis

A

ingrown nail

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75
Q

onycho-dys-trophy

A

malformed nail

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76
Q

onycho-lysis

A

breakdown of a nail

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77
Q

onycho-malacia

A

softening of a nail

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78
Q

onycho-myc-osis

A

fungal infection of a nail

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79
Q

onycho-pathy

A

disease of a nail

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80
Q

onycho-phagia

A

nail biting (literally, “nail eating”)

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81
Q

onycho-tomy

A

cutting into a nail

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82
Q

ab-

A

going away

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83
Q

ad-

A

going into

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84
Q

dys-

A

bad

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85
Q

ex-,ex-

A

out, off, away from

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86
Q

infra-

A

beneath

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87
Q

alges

A

pain

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88
Q

clonus

A

violent shaking

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89
Q

effusion

A

pouring out of

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90
Q

luxation

A

dislocation

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91
Q

tax

A

moving

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92
Q

carp

A

wrist

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93
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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94
Q

glen

A

socket

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95
Q

pector

A

chest

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96
Q

tars/o

A

ankle

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97
Q

cephal

A

head

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98
Q

dactyl

A

finger

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99
Q

hallux

A

big toe

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100
Q

pelvis

A

hips, lower abdomen

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101
Q

thorac

A

chest

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102
Q

cervic/o

A

neck

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103
Q

femor

A

thigh

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104
Q

lumb/o

A

lower back

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105
Q

pollux

A

thumb

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106
Q

tempor

A

side of the head

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107
Q

arth/o, articul/o

A

joint

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108
Q

burs/a, burs/o

A

purse or bag

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109
Q

fasci/o

A

bundle of fibers

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110
Q

myo

A

muscle

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111
Q

osteo

A

bone

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112
Q

ten/o

A

tendon

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113
Q

ankylos

A

stiff

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114
Q

crepit

A

crackling noise

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115
Q

kines, kinet

A

movement

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116
Q

olisthles

A

slippage

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117
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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118
Q

genu

A

knee

119
Q

occipit

A

back of the head

120
Q

vertebra

A

spondyl/o

121
Q

vertebra

A

bone of spinal column

122
Q

condyle

A

knob

123
Q

foramen

A

hole

124
Q

lamella

A

thin plate

125
Q

sulscus

A

groove

126
Q

trochlea

A

piece of bone that acts as a pulley

127
Q

facet

A

flat spot

128
Q

fossa

A

shallow groove

129
Q

meatus

A

tube or passage

130
Q

trochanter

A

point on the femur where large leg muscles attach.

131
Q

tuber

A

potato-like raised area on a bone.

132
Q

ACL

A

anterier cruciate ligament

133
Q

C1-C7

A

cervical vertebrae

134
Q

CT

A

computed tomography

135
Q

EMG

A

electromyogram

136
Q

Fx

A

fracture

137
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

138
Q

L1-L5

A

lumbar vertebrae

139
Q

LCL

A

lateral collateral ligament

140
Q

MCL

A

medial collateral ligament

141
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

142
Q

NSAID

A

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

143
Q

OA

A

osterartritis

144
Q

ORIF

A

open reduction internal fixation

145
Q

PCL

A

posterior cruciate ligament

146
Q

PT

A

physical therapy

147
Q

RA

A

rheumatoid arthritis

148
Q

RICE

A

rest, ice, compression, elevation

149
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

150
Q

S1-S5

A

sacral fused vertebrae

151
Q

T1-T12

A

thoracic vertebra

152
Q

WB

A

weight bearing

153
Q

WBAT

A

weight bearing as tolerated

154
Q

-clasia

A

breakdown process leading to disease

155
Q

-centesis

A

puncture

156
Q

-genesis

A

the process of creating

157
Q

-emia

A

present in blood, indicating disease

158
Q

-graph

A

instrument for recording a procedure

159
Q

-meter

A

instrument for measuring

160
Q

-physis

A

growth; form

161
Q

-plasia

A

the process of molding or growing

162
Q

burs-ectomy

A

surgical removal of a bursa

163
Q

burs-itis

A

inflammation of a bursa

164
Q

burso-tomy

A

cutting into a bursa

165
Q

bursa

A

a bag of synovial fluid that cushions a ligament or tendon that would otherwise rub against a bone

166
Q

chondr-itis

A

inflammation of the cartilage

167
Q

chondro-dynia

A

pain in the cartilage

168
Q

chondr-oma

A

tumor in the cartilage

169
Q

chondro-malacia

A

softening of the cartilage

170
Q

chondro-plasty

A

surgical modification of cartilage

171
Q

fasci-ectomy

A

removal of a fascia

172
Q

fasci-itis

A

inflammation of a fascia

173
Q

fascio-plasty

A

surgical modification of fascia

174
Q

fascio-rrhaphy

A

surgical repair of a fascia

175
Q

fascio-tomy

A

cutting into a fascia

176
Q

a-chondro-plas-ia

A

failure in the development of cartilage (a type of dwarfism)

177
Q

cost-al

A

pertaining to a rib

178
Q

cost-algia

A

pain in a rib

179
Q

cost-ectomy

A

surgical removal of a rib

180
Q

cost-chondr-itis

A

inflammation of the rib and associated cartilage

181
Q

endo-chondr-al

A

occurring inside of cartilage (refers to a type of bone development)

182
Q

inter-cost-al

A

between the ribs

183
Q

osteo-blast

A

rapidly dividing cell of bone (responsible for bone formation)

184
Q

osteo-clast

A

cell which breaks down bone

185
Q

osteo-chondr-itis

A

inflammation of bone and its associated cartilage

186
Q

osteo-chondr-oma

A

a tumor derived from bone and cartilage

187
Q

ab-duct-ion

A

moving a limb or body part away from the midline

188
Q

ad-duct-ion

A

moving a limb or body part toward the midline

189
Q

circum-duct-ion

A

movement in a circle around a joint

190
Q

pron-ation

A

turning the back of the hand facing forward; lying face down

191
Q

supin-ation

A

turning the palm of the hand facing forward; lying face up

192
Q

af-

A

going into

193
Q

ef-

A

going out of

194
Q

end or endo-

A

inside

195
Q

pre-

A

in front of

196
Q

ischemia

A

to hold back blood

197
Q

eu-

A

good, well

198
Q

con-

A

together, with

199
Q

quadri-

A

four

200
Q

eso-

A

outward

201
Q

aneurysm

A

dilation of an artery

202
Q

asthen

A

weakness

203
Q

decussate

A

cross; make a shape like the letter X

204
Q

dura

A

tough

205
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

206
Q

conjunctiva

A

joining [the eyelids and globe of the eye]

207
Q

cycl/o

A

“circle”, describing the ciliary body of the eye

208
Q

dacry/o or lacrim

A

tear [as in teardrop]

209
Q

phac/o or phak

A

lens

210
Q

retin/a or retin/o

A

the receptive surface of the eye

211
Q

scler/a or scler/o

A

the white of the eye

212
Q

Chemoreceptors detect

A

chemicals

213
Q

Mechanoreceptors detect

A

mechanical stimuli (i.e. pressure)

214
Q

Photoreceptors detect

A

light particle-waves

215
Q

Proprioceptors detect

A

one’s own body position

216
Q

cauda

A

tail

217
Q

sulcus

A

groove in the brain

218
Q

insula

A

island

219
Q

gyrus

A

elevation or bump on the brain

220
Q

cornu

A

horn

221
Q

cortex

A

the outside of a multilayered structure

222
Q

medulla

A

the inside of a multilayered structure

223
Q

myel/o or spin/o

A

spinal column or spinal cord

224
Q

ampulla

A

a flask with a long, narrow neck

225
Q

cochlea

A

snail shell

226
Q

labyrinth

A

a maze

227
Q

myring/o

A

eardrum, a membrane at the end of the ear canal.

228
Q

utricle

A

bag

229
Q

vestibul/o

A

an entrance hall

230
Q

asthen

A

weakness

231
Q

clonus

A

violent shaking

232
Q

convuls

A

jerking movement

233
Q

embol

A

arterial blockage

234
Q

paresis

A

weakness

235
Q

ictus

A

seizure; sudden, unexpected illness

236
Q

nystagmus

A

nodding or jerking back-and-forth motion of the eyes

237
Q

vertigo

A

spinning sensation

238
Q

pleg, as in hemiplegia, quadriplegia, or tetraplegia

A

weakness

239
Q

hypno, narc/o, and somn/o

A

sleep

240
Q

–ellum

A

it is a diminutive suffix (makes the word in front of it smaller)

241
Q

–ellum

A

it is a diminutive suffix (makes the word in front of it smaller)

242
Q

–iatrist

A

a clinician who studies

243
Q

–iatry

A

the act of studying

244
Q

–lytic

A

drug or agent that causes a breakdown or destruction

245
Q

–metry

A

the act of measuring

246
Q

–logy and –ology

A

study of

247
Q

–plegia

A

inability to move

248
Q

–rrhag or –rrhage

A

abnormal flow

249
Q

–tatic

A

pertaining to stretching

250
Q

–tomy

A

–tome

251
Q

–trophic

A

nourishment or growth

252
Q

-algia

A

pain in

253
Q

OU

A

both eyes

254
Q

AU

A

both ears

255
Q

LP

A

spinal tap

256
Q

PERRLA

A

normal condition

257
Q

ALS, MS, TIA

A

diseases or disorders

258
Q

EEG, EMG, LP, MRA, MRI, PET

A

tests or procedures

259
Q

blephar-edema

A

swelling of the eyelid

260
Q

blephar-itis

A

inflammation of the eyelid

261
Q

blepharo-plasty

A

surgical revision of the eyelid

262
Q

blepharo-conjunctiv-itis

A

inflammation of the eyelid and mucous membranes of the eye

263
Q

blepharo-pleg-ia

A

paralysis of the eyelid

264
Q

blepharo-ptosis

A

drooping of the eyelid

265
Q

blepharo-pyo-rrhea

A

flow of pus from the eyelid

266
Q

blepharo-spasm

A

involuntary contraction of the eyelid

267
Q

blepharo-tomy

A

cutting into the eyelid

268
Q

dacryo-aden-ectomy

A

removal of a lacrimal gland

269
Q

dacryo-cyst-ectomy

A

surgical removal of the nasolacrimal sac

270
Q

dacryo-cysto-rhino-stomy

A

surgery to enlarge the opening of the nasolacrimal sac

271
Q

dacryo-cysto-tomy

A

cutting into the nasolacrimal sac

272
Q

myring-ectomy

A

surgical removal of the eardrum

273
Q

myring-itis

A

inflammation of the eardrum

274
Q

myringo-dermat-itis

A

inflammation of the eardrum and the adjacent skin of the ear canal

275
Q

myringo-myc-osis

A

fungal infection of the eardrum

276
Q

myringo-plasty

A

surgical revision of the eardrum

277
Q

myringo-tomy

A

cutting into the eardrum

278
Q

cerebell-ar

A

pertaining to the part of the brain under the cerebrum

279
Q

cerebell-itis

A

inflammation of the cerebellum

280
Q

cerebell-um

A

part of the brain under the cerebrum and attached to the brainstem

281
Q

cerebr-al

A

pertaining to the cerebrum

282
Q

cerebro-pathy

A

disease of the brain

283
Q

cerebro-spin-al

A

pertaining to the brain and spinal cord

284
Q

cerebro-tomy

A

cutting into the brain

285
Q

cerebro-vasul-ar

A

pertaining to the blood vessels of the brain

286
Q

cerebr-um

A

the large, wrinkled part of the brain; right and left hemispheres

287
Q

intra-cerebr-al

A

within the brain

288
Q

mening

A

coverings of the brain

289
Q

meningi-oma

A

tumor of the coverings of the brain

290
Q

mening-itis

A

inflammation of the coverings of the brain

291
Q

meningo-cele

A

hernation of the coverings of the brain

292
Q

meningo-pathy

A

disease of the coverings of the brain

293
Q

myelo-meningo-cele

A

herniation of the spinal cord and its coverings

Medical Terminology Auelua (22 decks)

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