Exam #2 - Terms on the Test Flashcards
allo-
other, different; different member of the same species
homo-
same
xeno-
stranger; a different species
e-, ec-, ex-
out, off, from, beyond
ab-
off, from, away
anti-
against
hyper-
too much
hypo-
too little
xero-
dry
Chemo-
chemicals
Cryo-
cold
par- or para-
beside; near
Xeno-
strangers
neo-
new formation
albin/o
white
carot
orange
cyan/o
blue
erythr/o
red
jaun
yellow
leuk/o
white
melan/o
black
xanth/o
yellow
cer/at, corn
horn
crypt-
hidden; concealed
fibr/o
fiber
glabr
smooth
macer
to soften
myring/o
eardrum
pilo
hair
psora, prur
itch
rhytido
wrinkle
sclero
hard
septic
filled with microorganisms
–ectasia
dilated condition
-lysis
breaking down; destroying
-malacia
softening due to disease
-megaly
enlargement due to disease
-itis
inflammation
-oma
tumor
-plasm
growth
-trophy
nourishment or growth
ABCDE
abbreviation is a mnemonic for assessing the cancer risk of skin lesions
BCC, SCC
abbreviations denote different kinds of skin cancer (carcinoma)?
SC, SQ, subQ
abbreviations for an injection into the layer immediately beneath the skin
decub
abbreviation for an ulcer that occurs when a person lies in one position for a long period of time
Bx
abbreviation for a procedure to sample tissue for analysis by a pathologist
I&D
abbreviation for a procedure to cut into, and allow liquid to drain from, a lesion in the skin
ung
abbreviation for an ointment (based on an old name for ointments)
IM
intramuscular
allo-graft
a skin tissue donation from an unrelated individual of the same species
auto-graft
a skin tissue donation from oneself
chemo-surgery
surgery using chemicals
chemo-therapy
therapy using chemicals
cryo-surgery
surgery using cold
demato-dynia
pain in the skin
dermato-fibr-oma
fibrous tumor of the skin
dermato-logy
study of the skin
dermato-lysis
breakdown of the skin
dermato-myc-osis
fungal infection of the skin
dermato-scopy
visualizing the skin with an instrument
xeno-graft
a skin tissue donation from another species
eryth-ema
redness
erythro-cyan-osis
reddish-blue color of skin when the body is cold
erythro-derma
red skin
leuko-derma
white skin
melan-in
protein that causes skin pigmentation
melano-cyte
cell that produces and stores melanin
melan-oma
extremely dangerous cancer that arises from melanocytes
melano-some
melanin-filled pigment granules inside melanocytes
xantho-derma
yellow skin
xanth-oma
yellow raised bumps due to fat accumulation under the skin
xanth-osis
yellow discoloration of degenerating tissues
ep-onycho-ium
cuticle (literally, “anatomical part on top of the nail”)
onycho-crypt-osis
ingrown nail
onycho-dys-trophy
malformed nail
onycho-lysis
breakdown of a nail
onycho-malacia
softening of a nail
onycho-myc-osis
fungal infection of a nail
onycho-pathy
disease of a nail
onycho-phagia
nail biting (literally, “nail eating”)
onycho-tomy
cutting into a nail
ab-
going away
ad-
going into
dys-
bad
ex-,ex-
out, off, away from
infra-
beneath
alges
pain
clonus
violent shaking
effusion
pouring out of
luxation
dislocation
tax
moving
carp
wrist
crani/o
skull
glen
socket
pector
chest
tars/o
ankle
cephal
head
dactyl
finger
hallux
big toe
pelvis
hips, lower abdomen
thorac
chest
cervic/o
neck
femor
thigh
lumb/o
lower back
pollux
thumb
tempor
side of the head
arth/o, articul/o
joint
burs/a, burs/o
purse or bag
fasci/o
bundle of fibers
myo
muscle
osteo
bone
ten/o
tendon
ankylos
stiff
crepit
crackling noise
kines, kinet
movement
olisthles
slippage
cost/o
rib
genu
knee
occipit
back of the head
vertebra
spondyl/o
vertebra
bone of spinal column
condyle
knob
foramen
hole
lamella
thin plate
sulscus
groove
trochlea
piece of bone that acts as a pulley
facet
flat spot
fossa
shallow groove
meatus
tube or passage
trochanter
point on the femur where large leg muscles attach.
tuber
potato-like raised area on a bone.
ACL
anterier cruciate ligament
C1-C7
cervical vertebrae
CT
computed tomography
EMG
electromyogram
Fx
fracture
IM
intramuscular
L1-L5
lumbar vertebrae
LCL
lateral collateral ligament
MCL
medial collateral ligament
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
NSAID
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
OA
osterartritis
ORIF
open reduction internal fixation
PCL
posterior cruciate ligament
PT
physical therapy
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
RICE
rest, ice, compression, elevation
ROM
range of motion
S1-S5
sacral fused vertebrae
T1-T12
thoracic vertebra
WB
weight bearing
WBAT
weight bearing as tolerated
-clasia
breakdown process leading to disease
-centesis
puncture
-genesis
the process of creating
-emia
present in blood, indicating disease
-graph
instrument for recording a procedure
-meter
instrument for measuring
-physis
growth; form
-plasia
the process of molding or growing
burs-ectomy
surgical removal of a bursa
burs-itis
inflammation of a bursa
burso-tomy
cutting into a bursa
bursa
a bag of synovial fluid that cushions a ligament or tendon that would otherwise rub against a bone
chondr-itis
inflammation of the cartilage
chondro-dynia
pain in the cartilage
chondr-oma
tumor in the cartilage
chondro-malacia
softening of the cartilage
chondro-plasty
surgical modification of cartilage
fasci-ectomy
removal of a fascia
fasci-itis
inflammation of a fascia
fascio-plasty
surgical modification of fascia
fascio-rrhaphy
surgical repair of a fascia
fascio-tomy
cutting into a fascia
a-chondro-plas-ia
failure in the development of cartilage (a type of dwarfism)
cost-al
pertaining to a rib
cost-algia
pain in a rib
cost-ectomy
surgical removal of a rib
cost-chondr-itis
inflammation of the rib and associated cartilage
endo-chondr-al
occurring inside of cartilage (refers to a type of bone development)
inter-cost-al
between the ribs
osteo-blast
rapidly dividing cell of bone (responsible for bone formation)
osteo-clast
cell which breaks down bone
osteo-chondr-itis
inflammation of bone and its associated cartilage
osteo-chondr-oma
a tumor derived from bone and cartilage
ab-duct-ion
moving a limb or body part away from the midline
ad-duct-ion
moving a limb or body part toward the midline
circum-duct-ion
movement in a circle around a joint
pron-ation
turning the back of the hand facing forward; lying face down
supin-ation
turning the palm of the hand facing forward; lying face up
af-
going into
ef-
going out of
end or endo-
inside
pre-
in front of
ischemia
to hold back blood
eu-
good, well
con-
together, with
quadri-
four
eso-
outward
aneurysm
dilation of an artery
asthen
weakness
decussate
cross; make a shape like the letter X
dura
tough
blephar/o
eyelid
conjunctiva
joining [the eyelids and globe of the eye]
cycl/o
“circle”, describing the ciliary body of the eye
dacry/o or lacrim
tear [as in teardrop]
phac/o or phak
lens
retin/a or retin/o
the receptive surface of the eye
scler/a or scler/o
the white of the eye
Chemoreceptors detect
chemicals
Mechanoreceptors detect
mechanical stimuli (i.e. pressure)
Photoreceptors detect
light particle-waves
Proprioceptors detect
one’s own body position
cauda
tail
sulcus
groove in the brain
insula
island
gyrus
elevation or bump on the brain
cornu
horn
cortex
the outside of a multilayered structure
medulla
the inside of a multilayered structure
myel/o or spin/o
spinal column or spinal cord
ampulla
a flask with a long, narrow neck
cochlea
snail shell
labyrinth
a maze
myring/o
eardrum, a membrane at the end of the ear canal.
utricle
bag
vestibul/o
an entrance hall
asthen
weakness
clonus
violent shaking
convuls
jerking movement
embol
arterial blockage
paresis
weakness
ictus
seizure; sudden, unexpected illness
nystagmus
nodding or jerking back-and-forth motion of the eyes
vertigo
spinning sensation
pleg, as in hemiplegia, quadriplegia, or tetraplegia
weakness
hypno, narc/o, and somn/o
sleep
–ellum
it is a diminutive suffix (makes the word in front of it smaller)
–ellum
it is a diminutive suffix (makes the word in front of it smaller)
–iatrist
a clinician who studies
–iatry
the act of studying
–lytic
drug or agent that causes a breakdown or destruction
–metry
the act of measuring
–logy and –ology
study of
–plegia
inability to move
–rrhag or –rrhage
abnormal flow
–tatic
pertaining to stretching
–tomy
–tome
–trophic
nourishment or growth
-algia
pain in
OU
both eyes
AU
both ears
LP
spinal tap
PERRLA
normal condition
ALS, MS, TIA
diseases or disorders
EEG, EMG, LP, MRA, MRI, PET
tests or procedures
blephar-edema
swelling of the eyelid
blephar-itis
inflammation of the eyelid
blepharo-plasty
surgical revision of the eyelid
blepharo-conjunctiv-itis
inflammation of the eyelid and mucous membranes of the eye
blepharo-pleg-ia
paralysis of the eyelid
blepharo-ptosis
drooping of the eyelid
blepharo-pyo-rrhea
flow of pus from the eyelid
blepharo-spasm
involuntary contraction of the eyelid
blepharo-tomy
cutting into the eyelid
dacryo-aden-ectomy
removal of a lacrimal gland
dacryo-cyst-ectomy
surgical removal of the nasolacrimal sac
dacryo-cysto-rhino-stomy
surgery to enlarge the opening of the nasolacrimal sac
dacryo-cysto-tomy
cutting into the nasolacrimal sac
myring-ectomy
surgical removal of the eardrum
myring-itis
inflammation of the eardrum
myringo-dermat-itis
inflammation of the eardrum and the adjacent skin of the ear canal
myringo-myc-osis
fungal infection of the eardrum
myringo-plasty
surgical revision of the eardrum
myringo-tomy
cutting into the eardrum
cerebell-ar
pertaining to the part of the brain under the cerebrum
cerebell-itis
inflammation of the cerebellum
cerebell-um
part of the brain under the cerebrum and attached to the brainstem
cerebr-al
pertaining to the cerebrum
cerebro-pathy
disease of the brain
cerebro-spin-al
pertaining to the brain and spinal cord
cerebro-tomy
cutting into the brain
cerebro-vasul-ar
pertaining to the blood vessels of the brain
cerebr-um
the large, wrinkled part of the brain; right and left hemispheres
intra-cerebr-al
within the brain
mening
coverings of the brain
meningi-oma
tumor of the coverings of the brain
mening-itis
inflammation of the coverings of the brain
meningo-cele
hernation of the coverings of the brain
meningo-pathy
disease of the coverings of the brain
myelo-meningo-cele
herniation of the spinal cord and its coverings
