med. term. ch. 7 urinary system

Question 1

pertaining to a small ball of capillaries in the kidney

Answer 1

Glomerular

Question 2

narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body

Answer 2

Meatal stenosis

Question 3

a nitrogenous waste

Answer 3

Creatinine

Question 4

combining form for renal pelvis

Answer 4

Pyel/o

Question 5

absence of urine production

Answer 5

Anuria

Question 6

surrounding of the urinary bladder

Answer 6

Perivesical

Question 7

x - ray image of the urinary tract

Answer 7

KUB

Question 8

scanty urination

Answer 8

Oliguria

Question 9

What is diabetes insipidus and what are some of the characteristics of it?

Answer 9

-happens when the body can’t balance its fluid levels in a healthy way
-polydipsia, polyuria, insuficient ADH

Question 10

What is hemodialysis?

Answer 10

Use of an artificial kidney machine

Question 11

What is a renal calculus?

Answer 11

kidney stones

Question 12

An incision to remove a renal calculus is known as?

Answer 12

nephrolithotomy

Question 13

What is albuminuria?

Answer 13

Protein in the urine

Question 14

Distinguish between urinary incontinence and urinary retention

Answer 14

Urinary retention - a condition of urine being held in the bladder
Urinary incontinence - unintentional passing of urine

Question 15

Define the following:
a. Pyuria
b. Polyuria
c. Nocturia

Answer 15

a. Pyuria-a condition in which you have high levels of white blood cells (leukocytes) or pus in your urine (pee)
b. Polyuria-when your body makes too much urine
c. Nocturia-waking up more than once during the night because you have to pee

Question 16

which lab test measures the amount of urea in the blood?

Answer 16

blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test

Question 17

What is lithotripsy?

Answer 17

procedure involving the physical destruction of hardened masses like kidney stones, bezoars or gallstones, which may be done non invasively.

Question 18

Edema

Answer 18

fluid in the tissues

Question 19

Cystoscopy

Answer 19

visual examination of the bladder

Question 20

Calculus

Answer 20

a stone

Question 21

Polydipsia

Answer 21

excessive thirst

Question 22

Calyx

Answer 22

a cuplike cavity or structure

Question 23

Incontinence

Answer 23

inability to hold urine in the bladder

Question 24

Electrolyte

Answer 24

chemical that carries an electrical charge

Question 25

Erythropoietin

Answer 25

hormone released by the kidneys to increase red blood cells

Question 26

Nitrogenous

Answer 26

containing nitrogen in combined form (as in nitrates or proteins)

Question 27

Urinalysis

Answer 27

analysis of urine by physical, chemical, and microscopical means to test for the presence of disease, drugs, etc.

Question 28

Meatus

Answer 28

a passage or opening leading to the interior of the body.

Question 29

Dysuria

Answer 29

you feel pain or a burning sensation when you pee (urinate)

Question 30

Abscess

Answer 30

a pocket of pus

Question 31

Dialysis

Answer 31

treatment that helps your body remove extra fluid and waste products from your blood

Question 32

Medulla

Answer 32

the connection between the brainstem and the spinal cord, carrying multiple important functional centers

Question 33

Arteriole

Answer 33

a very small blood vessel that branches off from your artery and carries blood away from your heart to your tissues and organs

Question 34

Hilum

Answer 34

depression or fissure where structures such as blood vessels and nerves enter an organ

Question 35

Nephron

Answer 35

the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney.

Question 36

Renal tubule

Answer 36

the portion of the nephron that lead away from the glomerulus

Question 37

Renal vein

Answer 37

blood vessels that return blood to the heart from the kidney

Question 38

Trigone

Answer 38

a triangular part or area

Question 39

Ureter

Answer 39

connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder, transporting urine from the renal pelvis into the bladder

Question 40

Urethra

Answer 40

the tube that lets urine leave your bladder and your body.